Medicine and the Seven Deadly Sins in Late Medieval Literature and Culture

by Virginia Langum

  Notes

  1.William James, The Varieties of Religious Experience (London: Routledge, 2008), p. 14. See, also, Julius Rubin, “Melancholy,” in The Oxford Handbook to Religion and Emotion, ed. John

  Corrigan (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008), pp. 290–309, for a more contemporary reminder against “committing the errors of medical or social scientific reductionism” (p. 292).

  2.Michael Eric Dyson, Pride (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006); Joseph Epstein, Envy (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003).

  3.Alexis de Toqueville, Democracy in America (London: Penguin, 2004), p. 226. See, for example, Niels van de Ven, “The Bright Side of a Deadly Sin: the Psychology of Envy” (unpublished doctoral thesis, Tilburg University, 2009).

  4.Charles Kadlec, “Social Justice, Greed and the Occupy Wall Street Movement,” Forbes. 21 November 2011. Accessed 13 October 2014. .

  5.Solomon Schimmel, The Seven Deadly Sins: Jewish, Christian and Classical Reflections on Human Psychology (New York: Oxford University Press, 1997), p. 6.

  6.The work of Louis Charland presents this stance. See “Moral Treatment and the Personality Disorders,” in The Philosophy of Psychiatry: a Companion, ed. Jennifer Radden (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004), pp. 64–77; “The Moral Nature of the Cluster B Personality Disorders,” Journal of Personality Disorders 20 (2006): 119–28; and “Benevolent Theory: Moral Treatment at The York Retreat,” History of Psychiatry 18 (2007): 61–80.

  7.John J. Medina, The Genetic Inferno: Inside the Seven Deadly Sins (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000).

  8.Simon Laham, The Science of Sin: the Psychology of the Seven Deadlies (and Why They are So Good for You) (New York: Three Rivers Press, 2012).

  9.Christopher Snowdon, “The Wages of Sin Taxes,” Adam Smith Institute Report, 14 May 2012. Accessed 12 September 2014 .

  10.Michael J. Joyner, “The Syntax of Sin Taxes: Putting It Together to Improve Physical, Social, and Fiscal Health,” Mayo Clinic Proceedings 88.6 (2013): 536–9.

  11.Andrew M. Prentice and Susan A. Jebb, “Obesity in Britain: Gluttony or Sloth?” British Medical Journal 311.7002 (1995): 437–9.

  12.Charles Clark Jr., “Combatting sloth as well as gluttony: The Role of Physical Fitness in Mortality Among Men with Type 2 Diabetes,” Annals of Internal Medicine 132.8 (2000): 669–70.

  13.Jane Dixon and Dorothy H. Broom, eds., The Seven Deadly Sins of Obesity: How the Modern World is Making Us Fat (Sydney: University of New South Wales Press, 2007).

  14.Robert C. Solomon, ed., Wicked Pleasures: Meditations on the Seven “Deadly” Sins (Lanham, Md.: Rowman & Littlefield, 1999), p. 10.

  15.Bryan S. Turner, The Body and Society (Oxford: Blackwell, 1984), p. 179.

  16.Caroline Walker Bynum, Holy Feast and Holy Fast: the Religious Significance of Food to Medieval Women (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1987), p. 298.

  17.Ibid., p. 299.

  18.Stanford M. Lyman, The Seven Deadly Sins: Society and Evil (Oxford: General Hall, Inc., 1989), x.

  19.Drew Leder, The Absent Body (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1990), p. 74.

  20. Macaronic Sermon Collection, p. 438.

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