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Vodka Politics: Alcohol, Autocracy, and the Secret History of the Russian State

Page 79

by Mark Lawrence

kidney disease, 170–171, 258

  Kiel, 50

  Kiev, 73, 156, 231, 280

  Kievan Rus, 77–78, 134

  King of Judea (play), 181

  King, Martin Luther, Jr., 139

  Kirsanov, 131, 134

  Kiryakov, Vasily, 156

  Kissinger, Henry, 24, 300

  Kit Carson, CO, 173

  Klyuchevsky, Vasily, 50, 57

  knout, 44, 48, 81

  Knox, Alfred, 186

  Knyaz Suvorov (warship), 163

  Kobe, 168

  Kohl, Helmut, 297–298

  Kokorev, Vasily, 96, 108

  Kokovtsov, Vladimir, 176, 178, 375

  Kolberg, 53

  Kolchak, Aleksandr, 205

  Kolokol (magazine), 96–99, 106, 120, 129, 136

  Komi, 319

  Kommersant (magazine), 355

  kompromat. See blackmail

  Komsomol, 231, 244, 268, 270

  Konstantin Konstantinovich, Grand Duke, 177, 181–184, 192

  Konstantin Konstantinovich (the younger), Prince, 183–184

  korchma. See tavern

  Korea, 160, 167

  kormlenie, 95

  Kornilov, Vladimir, 157

  Korotayev, Andrei, 327–328

  Korovin, Aleksandr, 176

  Korzhakov, Aleksandr, 289, 294, 297, 299, 301, 302, 305

  Kozyrev, Nikolai, 301–302, 452n42

  Krasikov, A. See Baitalsky, Mikhail

  Krasny Kabak, 56

  Krassilnikova, Marina, 365

  Kravchuk, Leonid, 292

  Krayevsky, Andrei, 137

  Kremlin, 3–5, 14, 18–23, 27, 35–38, 54, 61, 73, 108, 149, 152–154, 171, 174, 220, 230–233, 240–241, 245, 259, 264, 277, 280, 288–294, 297, 303–305, 318, 320, 336, 341, 345–349, 353, 356, 361, 364, 368–373, 376, 379–382, 386–389

  Kristall Distillery, 338–343, 345, 349, 354–359, 456n53

  Kristall Trade and Industrial Group, 355

  Krokodil (magazine), 281

  krokodil (narcotic). See desomorphine

  Kronstadt, 56, 175, 203, 209–210

  Krupskaya, Nadezhda, 145, 217, 343

  Kryuchkov, Vladimir, 288–289

  kto kovo? 25

  Kuban, 195

  Kudrin, Alexei, 354–357, 364, 373–377, 388

  kulak, 213, 218, 227–230, 234

  Kulakov, Fyodor, 259

  Kulik, Grigory, 8, 396n32

  Kultura i byt (magazine), 225

  Kulyanov, Sapar, 335

  Kuranty (magazine), 295

  Kurbsky, Andrei Mikhailovich, Prince, 30–32, 35

  Kursk, 210, 214

  kvas, xiii, 19, 28, 84, 87, 350, 384

  Kyrgyzstan, 321, 323

  Labaume, Eugène, 154

  labor camps (gulags), 2, 5, 15, 204, 223, 234, 237, 240, 244, 264, 396n33

  lacquer, 190

  Lake Baikal, 319

  Lakota tribe, 173

  Lancet, 367, 381

  Larin, Yuri, 223–225, 263

  Latvia, 20, 30, 45, 48, 118–119, 205, 317

  Lebed, Aleksandr, 290, 450n6

  Ledeneva, Alena, 343

  LeDonne, John P., 113

  Leeds, 186

  Lefort, François, 40–41, 46, 338

  Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm von, 40

  lemonade, 210–211

  Lenin, Vladimir, 10, 15–16, 19, 25, 61, 144–148, 176, 200–204, 208, 215, 217, 227, 232, 259, 343

  mausoleum of, 215, 219–220

  and prohibition, 16, 198, 202–204, 210, 212–220, 369, 387

  Leningrad, 215, 260, 261, 344, 354, 378

  in World War II, 8, 231, 344

  See also St. Petersburg, Petrograd

  Leningrad State University, 344, 361

  Levada Center, 362

  Levi, Margaret, 150

  Levi’s, 67

  Lewenberg, A. 234

  Libau, 163

  Liberal Democratic Party of Russia (LDPR), 305, 349–350, 387

  liberalism, 58, 111, 117, 120, 129, 147, 155, 171, 175, 177, 189, 201, 264, 289, 294, 324, 348, 363, 380

  Liber de Vinis, 71

  Library of Congress, 66, 72, 158, 165, 179, 407n23

  Licensing Act (Sweden), 385–386

  Life (magazine), 233

  life expectancy, xii, 13–14, 265, 267, 275–277, 295, 309–311, 321–322, 329, 332, 352, 367–370, 382, 459n27, 459n28

  Ligachev, Yegor, 258, 261, 270–273, 279, 293, 354, 367

  Lincoln, Abraham, 122–123, 300

  Linnaeus, Carl, 58

  Liquor Tax Rebellion, 118–121

  Lithuania, 26, 73, 117–119, 149, 205

  Litvinenko, Aleksandr, 462n28

  liver disease, 258–259, 309, 319, 331

  Liverpool, 128

  Livonia. See Latvia

  Lloyd, Hannibal Evans, 115

  Llull, Ramon, 71

  loans-for-shares scandal, 306

  Loches, Pion des, 153

  Lomonosov, Mikhail, 150

  London, 120, 129–131, 342

  London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, 346–347

  Lopukhina, Evdokiya, 47

  Lopukhov, Dmitry, 131–132

  Los Angeles Times, 368

  Louis Vuitton, 92

  Louis XV, French king, 52

  Lukashov, Colonel, 161

  Lunacharsky, Anatoly, 202

  Lüshunkou. See Port Arthur

  Luther, Martin, 26

  Lutheran church, 39, 50

  Lutz, Wolfgang, 381–382

  Luzhkov, Yury, 289–290, 339, 342, 349, 387

  Lyubyanka Prison, 202, 237

  Lynch, David, 20

  Machiavelli, Niccolò, 17

  Madagascar, 163, 166

  mafiya, 339, 358

  Magnitsky, Sergei, 343

  Maggs, Peter, xvi, 65–67

  Maine Law, 386

  Majorca, 71

  Malakhov Hill, 156

  Malakhov, Mikhail, 157

  malaria, 329

  Malenkov, Georgy, 6–8

  Manchester, 128

  Manchuria, 160, 161, 166, 173, 194

  Manchurian Railway, 166

  Manhattan, 358

  Manyukhin, Viktor, 293

  Mao Zedong, 236, 239

  Marburg, 150

  Markelov, 141

  market economy. See capitalism

  Marmeladov, 136–137

  marriage rate, 320, 334

  martial law, 203, 257, 288

  Marx, Karl, 9, 127–131, 143–145, 221, 223, 232, 308

  Marxism, 127–128, 135–138, 143–144, 232, 240, 260, 283, 308

  opposition to alcohol, 128, 145, 147, 175, 198, 211

  Matryona’s House, 237–238

  Matveyev, Artamon, 37

  McCormick, Frederick, 161–163, 167–168

  McKee, Martin, xvi, 83, 459n17

  mead, xiii, 19, 27, 57, 70, 76, 80–85, 91, 94, 118, 149, 350, 383–384

  measles, 329

  Mediterranean Sea, 71, 76, 164, 195, 284

  Medvedev, Dmitry, xii, 13, 18, 352–353, 360–377, 380–382, 389, 465n4

  and anti-alcohol campaign, 13, 15, 367–377, 386

  Mendeleyev, Dmitry, 409n34

  Menshikov, Aleksandr Danilovich, 40–43, 47, 54, 155, 404n53

  Menshikov, Aleksandr Sergeyevich, 155–157

  Meshchersky, Prince, 177

  methyl alcohol, 210, 238, 241

  Mexico, 221

  Meyer, Herbert E., xvi, 285–286

  Michigan, University of, 324

  Mikhailov, Evgeny, 317–318

  Mikhailov, Peter. See Peter I (the Great)

  Mikhailov, Vasily, 61

  Mikoyan, Anastas, 6–8, 31

  Military Revolutionary Committee, 202

  Military Revolutionary Court, 202

  Miloslavskaya, Maria, 36

  Minsk, 156, 195

  Mintslov, Ivan, 388

  mir. See imperial Russia, village commune in

  Mitkov,
Mochan, 31–32

  mixed martial arts (MMA), 378–379

  mobilization riots. See war mobilization

  Moldova, 49, 155, 205, 231, 284, 321–323, 330

  Molotov cocktail, 338

  Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact (1939), 3, 4, 230–231

  Molotov, Vycheslav, 4–8, 23, 225, 231, 234

  Mongolian still, 67

  Mongols, 27, 73, 95

  monkeys, 41

  Mons, Anna, 40, 338

  Montebello, Marquis de, 172

  Montesquieu, 75

  Monson, Jeff, 378–379

  moonshining. See vodka, home-brewed (samogon)

  Mordovia, 77

  mortality, 14, 67, 86, 108, 114, 245, 250–251, 265, 275–277, 282, 310–311, 326–331, 348, 367, 380, 385, 390

  Moscow, 1, 24–27, 32–33, 39–41, 44, 54, 60, 63–67, 73, 86–88, 92, 119, 147, 151–152, 171–172, 183, 189, 191, 202–206, 210, 214–215, 219, 231, 243, 251, 257, 264, 283, 289–290, 294, 319, 329, 338–340, 343–344, 349–351, 353, 359–361, 364, 370, 378

  German quarter of, 39–41, 338

  set ablaze under Napoleon’s occupation, 152–154

  See also Muscovy

  Moscow News, 374

  Moscow River, 1, 290, 438n28

  Moscow State University, 67, 150, 223, 259, 350

  Moscow to the End of the Line, 242–243, 276

  Moscow Uprising (1648), 154

  Moscow Uprising (1682), 37, 54, 154

  Mosfilm, 21

  Moskovskaya vodka, 65

  Mukden, 166–167

  Münnich, Burchard, 56

  murder, 136, 137, 160–161, 247, 348, 352

  and alcohol, 12, 88, 114, 131, 137, 234, 276, 282, 309, 331–332, 367, 369

  Murmansk, 195, 205, 336

  Murray, Eustace Clare Grenville, 124–125

  Muscovy, 18, 26, 27, 28, 29, 72–73, 76–77, 80, 94, 95, 149, 344

  See also Moscow, imperial Russia

  Nagorno-Karabakh, 284

  Napoleonic wars, 151–154

  Narcissus, 57

  Narkomtrud. See People’s Commissariat of Labor (narkomtrud)

  Narodnaya volya. See People’s Will

  narodniki, 140–143

  Naryshkina, Natalia, 37–38

  Nashi, 379

  “national champion” companies, 340–342, 345–346, 354–357, 361, 366, 373, 376

  National Economy of the USSR, 244

  See also Goskomstat

  National Intelligence Council, 285

  National Priority Projects, 353, 361–366, 376

  National Review (magazine), 285

  nationalism, 150, 204, 232, 240, 283–289, 348, 380, 389

  Native Americans, 173

  Navalny, Alexei, 92–93, 96, 107, 357, 365, 373, 379

  Nazarbayev, Nursultan, 289–290

  Nazi Germany, 2–8, 15, 20, 230–237, 310, 338, 343, 360

  Nebraska, 173, 303

  Nemtsov, Aleksandr, xiv, xvi, 88, 253, 317, 356, 367

  Nemtsov, Boris, 372–373

  nepotism, 94, 272

  See also corruption

  nesting dolls, xi

  Netherlands, 40, 403n40

  Neue freie Presse, 168

  Neva River, 45, 49, 55, 130, 164, 203

  Nevsky Prospekt, 144, 199

  New Economic Policy (NEP), 16, 206, 209–216

  “New Soviet man,” 15–17, 198, 212, 221–223, 254, 264

  New Year’s holiday, 43–44, 303, 306

  New York, 115, 134, 326, 358

  New York Times, xi, 249

  New York University, 310

  New Yorker (magazine), 242, 352

  Nezhdanov, Alexei, 142

  Nicholas I, Tsar, 58–59, 93, 99, 118, 121, 155–156, 158

  Nicholas II, Tsar, 16, 18, 139, 140, 147, 163, 169–184, 196, 199, 279, 293, 338

  drinking habits of, 169–171

  military service of, 169–171

  and prohibition, 16, 170, 178–179, 186–190, 193, 196–198, 232, 338, 369–371, 376, 387–388

  and Russo-Japanese War, 163, 167–170, 174, 179

  and temperance, 176–179, 188, 196

  and World War I, 178–179, 186–190, 193, 196

  Nieman River, 151

  Nightingale, Florence, 104, 155

  nihilism, 129, 136, 147

  Nikolai Nikolaevich, Grand Duke, 175–176, 179–180, 186, 199

  Nikolasha. See Nikolai Nikolaevich, Grand Duke

  Nikolayev, Andrei, 314–315

  Ni shagu nazad, 233

  Nixon, Richard, 24–25, 299–300, 305

  Nizhny Novgorod, 76–77, 147, 204, 264

  NKVD. See People’s Commissariat for Internal Affairs (NKVD)

  nobility, 47

  Nobel Prize, 207, 240, 313, 376

  North Ossetia, 314, 465n81

  North Pole, 141

  North Sea, 163–164

  Notebooks for the Children, 248

  Notes of a Soldier, 191

  Novaya zhizn (magazine), 202

  Nove, Alec, 228

  Novgorod birchbark documents, 68–70

  Novgorod Veliky, 67–68, 73, 82, 309

  Novikov, Aleksandr, 5

  Novodevichy Convent, 38

  Novo-Preobrazhenskoye, 39

  Novosibirsk, 250, 276, 284, 370

  NTV, 342–343, 361

  Nurgaliyev, Rashid, 366

  Obama, Barack, 275

  obshchina. See imperial Russia, village commune in

  “October Events” (1993), 296–297, 300, 345, 348

  October (film), 20, 26, 200

  October Manifesto, 175–176

  Odessa, 175, 323

  Of the Russe Common Wealth, 81

  oil, 107, 152, 211, 222, 233, 272, 280–281, 320, 339–345, 350–354, 360, 363–364, 371, 374–376, 383, 389

  Oklahoma, 216, 391

  okhrana. See imperial Russia, secret police in

  Old Believers, 106, 125

  Oldenberg, Sergei, 196

  Olearius, Adam, 81–82, 86–87, 106, 113–114

  Oleg Konstantinovich, Prince, 182–184, 188

  oligarchs, 306, 317–318, 320, 342–343, 357, 361, 363, 383

  Olympic games, 92, 361, 363

  Olympic Stadium, 378

  Omaha, 303

  One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich, 237

  Operation Barbarossa, 231

  Operation Trawl, 257–258

  oprichniki, 21, 33, 228

  See also boyars

  Oranienbaum, 51, 55–56

  Orel (warship), 164

  Orlov, Alexei, 55–58

  Orlov, Grigory, 55–57

  orphans, 206, 327, 334–336

  Orthodoxy. See Russian Orthodox Church

  Orwell, George, 15, 397n9

  Oryol, 104, 191, 323

  Osborne, Peregrine, Admiral, 41

  Osipov, Nikolai, 124

  Oskin, Dmitry, 191

  Oslyaba, 163

  Ostankino, 296–297

  otkupshchik. See tax farmer

  Ottoman Empire, 111, 121, 151, 155–160

  Our Home is Russia, 348

  Pacific Ocean, 111, 163–165, 196, 236

  Palace of Congresses, 73

  Panchulidze, A. A., 96

  Pankratev, L., 133

  See also Chernyshevsky, Nikolai

  Paris, 154, 159, 174, 391

  Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property, 66–67

  partisans, 234

  Passek, Peter, 55–56

  Pasternak, Boris, 63, 313

  Pasteur, Louis, 78

  pasteurization, 78

  Patenaude, Bertrand, 208–209

  Patients’ Rights Protection League, 365–366

  Paul I, Tsar, 58

  Pavlov, Valentin, 59, 288–289, 291

  Pavlovna, Vera, 130–132, 134

  Pavlovsk, 182

  Pavlovsky Regiment, 204

  Peace Palace, 65

  peasantry, 16, 79–91, 100–1
08, 111–112, 117–120, 124–126, 130, 138–150, 172, 185, 196, 204–210, 213–218, 223–230, 239–240, 389

  pechenochniki, 319

  Penza, 96

  People (magazine), 251

  People’s Commissariat of Enlightenment, 202

  People’s Commissariat for Internal Affairs (NKVD), 2, 4, 202, 214, 228, 232–234, 237

  See also Committee for State Security (KGB)

  People’s Commissariat of Labor (Narkomtrud), 223

  People’s Will, 143

  Pepsi Cola, 62, 313

  perestroika, 262, 265–266, 277, 280, 288, 293, 321, 333, 338

  Perestroika: History of Betrayal, 271

  Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA), 65

  Persia, 111

  Peter and Paul Fortress, 48, 130

  Peter I (the Great), Tsar, 18, 26, 36–50, 54–55, 111, 155, 159

  drinking habits of, 39–48, 58

  and “Drunken Synod,” 42–43, 48

  and dwarfs, 43, 45, 47–48

  Grand Embassy of, 40–41

  and “Great Eagle,” 42–46

  instrumental use of drinking, 45–46, 293

  “Jolly Company” of, 41–44, 404n50

  modernizing reforms of, 44, 47–48, 112, 150

  murder and torture by, 38–39, 46–48

  and streltsy, 37–39, 46–47

  upbringing of, 36–40, 44, 47

  Peter II, Tsar, 54

  Peter III, Tsar, 18, 50–59

  drinking habits of, 50–51, 53, 57

  marriage to Catherine II, 50–53

  overthrown by Catherine II, 53–59, 291

  upbringing of, 50–51

  Peter Petrovich, Tsarevich, 47

  Peter of Holstein-Gottorp. See Peter III, Tsar

  Peterhof, 56

  Petrograd, 181, 186, 189, 195, 199–206, 210, 215

  See also St. Petersburg, Leningrad

  Petrograd Soviet, 189, 199

  Petrovich, Porfiry, 136

  Petrovsky, Boris, 251

  Petrovsky Palace, 154, 424n16

  Petrov Vodka Factory, 204

  Philip II, Metropolitan, 33

  Pipes, Richard, 67

  pivo. See beer

  Plekhanov, Georgy, 131

  Pleshakov, Constantine, 232

  Pleyer, Otto, 48

  Podolsk, xvi, 61–62, 228, 335

  pogrom, 175, 200–204, 284, 427n19

  Pokhlebkin, Vilyam, 61–67, 73, 80, 90, 409n44–47

  murder of, 63, 67, 334

  Poland, 20, 30, 34, 49, 61, 65–67, 71, 74–76, 111, 117–119, 125, 155, 205, 257, 322, 382

  polio, 329

  Politburo. See Communist Party of the Soviet Union, Politburo of

  Political Power of Bad Ideas, xvi, 386

  Politovsky, Evgeny, 161

  Polivanov, Alexei, 186–187

  poll tax, 112–113

  pollution, 327, 336, 360

  Poltava, 45, 195–196

  polugar. See vodka

  pomoch, 87, 105, 214

  Porter, Robert Ker, 115

  Portsmouth, Treaty of, 167

  Poskrebyshev, Aleksandr, 8, 396n33

  Port Arthur, 160–167

  pot distillation, 67

 

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