Delphi Complete Works of Petronius
Page 77
Fallunt nos oculi, vagique sensus,
Oppressa ratione, mentiuntur.
Nam turris, prope quae quadrata surgit.
Attritis procul angulis rotatur.
Hyblaeum refugit satur liquorem,
Et naris casiam frequenter odit.
Hoc illo magis, aut minus, placere
Non posset, nisi, lite destinata,
Pugnarent dubio tenore sensus.
Frag. XXX.
Iam nunc ardentes auctumnus fregerat vmbras,
Atque hiemem tepidis spectabat Phoebus habenis:
Iam platanus iactare comas, iam coeperat vuas
Annumerare suas, defecto palmite, vitis:
Ante oculos stabat, quidquid promiserat annus.
Frag. XXXI.
Sic et memba solent auras includere venis,
Quae penitus mersae, cum rursus abire laborant,
Verberibus rimantur iter: nec desinit ante,
Frigidus, adstrictis qui regnat in ossibus, horror,
Quam tepidus laxo manauit corpore sudor.
Frag. XXXII.
Sic, contra rerum naturae munera nota,
Coruus maturis frugibus oua refert:
Sic format lingua foetum, cum protulit, vrsa,
Et piscis, nullo iunctus amore, parit.
Sic Phoebeia chelys, vinclo resoluta parentis,
Lucinae tepidis naribus ora fouet.
Sic sine concubitu textis apis excita ceris
Feruet, et audaci milite castra replet.
Non vno contenta valet natura tenore,
Sed permutatas gaudet habere vices.
Frag. XXXIII.
Naufragus, eiecta nudus rate, quaerit eodem
Percussum telo, cui sua fata legat.
Grandine qui segetes et totum perdidit annum,
In simili deflet tristia fata sinu.
Funera conciliant miseros, orbique parentes
Coniugunt gemitus, et facit hora pares.
Nos quoque confusis feriemus sidera verbis,
Et fama est, iunctas fortius ire preces.
Frag. XXXIV.
Omnia, quae miseras possunt finire querelas,
In promtu voluit candidus esse Deus.
Vile olus, et duris haerentia mora rubetis,
Pugnantis stomachi composuere famem.
Flumine vicino, stultus sitit, et riget Euro,
Cum calidus tepido consonat igne rogus.
Lex armata sedet circum fera limina nuptae,
Nil metuit licito fusa puella toro.
Quod satiare potest, diues natura ministrat,
Quod docet infrenis glorai, fine caret.
Frag. XXXV.
Iudaeus licet et porcinum numen adoret,
Et coeli summas aduocet auriculas.
Ni tamen et ferro succiderit inguinis oram,
Et nisi nudatum soluerit arte caput,
Exemtus populo, Graiam migrabit ad vrbem,
Et non ieiuna sabbatha lege premet.
Vna est nobilitas, argumentumque coloris
Ingenui, timidas non habuisse manus.
The Dual Text
Inside the Domus Aurea (Nero’s Golden House), Rome — this large landscaped portico villa was built by Nero in the heart of ancient Rome, after the great fire of A.D. 64.
DUAL LATIN AND ENGLISH TEXT
Translated by Michael Heseltine
In this section, readers can view a section by section text of Petronius’ Satyricon, alternating between the original Latin and Heseltine’s English translation.
CONTENTS
SECTIONS I TO X.
SECTIONS XI TO XX.
SECTIONS XXI TO XXX.
SECTIONS XXXI TO XL.
SECTIONS XLI TO L.
SECTIONS LI TO LX.
SECTIONS LXI TO LXX.
SECTIONS LXXI TO LXXX.
SECTIONS LXXXI TO XC.
SECTIONS XCI TO C.
SECTIONS CI TO CX.
SECTIONS CXI TO CXX.
SECTIONS CXXI TO CXXX.
SECTIONS CXXXI TO CXL.
SECTION CXLI.
SECTIONS I TO X.
[I] “Num alio genere Furiarum declamatores inquietantur, qui clamant: ‘Haec vulnera pro libertate publica excepi; hunc oculum pro vobis impendi: date mihi ducem, qui me ducat ad liberos meos, nam succisi poplites membra non sustinent’? Haec ipsa tolerabilia essent, si ad eloquentiam ituris viam facerent. Nunc et rerum tumore et sententiarum vanissimo strepitu hoc tantum proficiunt ut, cum in forum venerint, putent se in alium orbem terrarum delatos. Et ideo ego adulescentulos existimo in scholis stultissimos fieri, quia nihil ex his, quae in usu habemus, aut audiunt aut vident, sed piratas cum catenis in litore stantes, sed tyrannos edicta scribentes quibus imperent filiis ut patrum suorum capita praecidant, sed responsa in pestilentiam data, ut virgines tres aut plures immolentur, sed mellitos verborum globulos, et omnia dicta factaque quasi papavere et sesamo sparsa.
[1] “Are our rhetoricians tormented by a new tribe of Furies when they cry: ‘These scars I earned in the struggle for popular rights; I sacrificed this eye for you: where is a guiding hand to lead me to my children? My knees are hamstrung, and cannot support my body’? Though indeed even these speeches might be endured if they smoothed the path of aspirants to oratory. But as it is, the sole result of this bombastic matter and these loud empty phrases is that a pupil who steps into a court thinks that he has been carried into another world. I believe that college makes complete fools of our young men, because they see and hear nothing of ordinary life there. It is pirates standing in chainson the beach, tyrants pen in hand ordering sons to cut off their fathers’ heads, oracles in time of pestilence demanding the blood of three virgins or more, honey-balls of phrases, every word and act besprinkled with poppy-seed and sesame.
[II] “Qui inter haec nutriuntur, non magis sapere possunt quam bene olere qui in culina habitant. Pace vestra liceat dixisse, primi omnium eloquentiam perdidistis. Levibus enim atque inanibus sonis ludibria quaedam excitando, effecistis ut corpus orationis enervaretur et caderet. Nondum iuvenes declamationibus continebantur, cum Sophocles aut Euripides invenerunt verba quibus deberent loqui. Nondum umbraticus doctor ingenia deleverat, cum Pindarus novemque lyrici Homericis versibus canere timuerunt. Et ne poetas quidem ad testimonium citem, certe neque Platona neque Demosthenen ad hoc genus exercitationis accessisse video. Grandis et, ut ita dicam, pudica oratio non est maculosa nec turgida, sed naturali pulchritudine exsurgit. Nuper ventosa istaec et enormis loquacitas Athenas ex Asia commigravit animosque iuvenum ad magna surgentes veluti pestilenti quodam sidere adflavit, semelque corrupta regula eloquentia stetit et obmutuit. Ad summam, quis postea Thucydidis, quis Hyperidis ad famam processit? Ac ne carmen quidem sani coloris enituit, sed omnia quasi eodem cibo pasta non potuerunt usque ad senectutem canescere. Pictura quoque non alium exitum fecit, postquam Aegyptiorum audacia tam magnae artis compendiariam invenit.”
[2] People who are fed on this diet can no more be sensible than people who live in the kitchen can be savoury. With your permission I must tell you the truth, that you teachers more than anyone have been the ruin of true eloquence. Your tripping, empty tones stimulate certain absurd effects into being, with the result that the substance of your speech languishes and dies. In the age: when Sophocles or Euripides found the inevitable word for their verse, young men were not yet being confined to set speeches. When Pindar and the nine lyric poets were too modest to use Homer’s lines, no cloistered pedant had yet ruined young men’s brains. I need not go to the poets for evidence. I certainly do not find that Plato or Demosthenes took any course of training of this kind. Great style, which, if I may say so, is also modest style, is never blotchy and bloated. It rises supreme by virtue of its natural beauty. Your flatulent and formless flow of words is a modern immigrant from Asia to Athens. Its breath fell upon the mind of ambitious youth like the influence of a baleful planet, and when the old tradition was once broken, eloquence halted and grew dumb. In a word, who after this came to equal the splendour of Thucyd
ides or Hyperides? Even poetry did not glow with the colour of health, but the whole of art, nourished on one universal diet, lacked the vigour to reach the grey hairs of old age. The decadence in painting was the same, as soon as Egyptian charlatans had found a short cut to this high calling.”
[III] Non est passus Agamemnon me diutius declamare in porticu, quam ipse in schola sudaverat, sed: “Adulescens, inquit, quoniam sermonem habes non publici saporis et, quod rarissimum est, amas bonam mentem, non fraudabo te arte secreta.
[3] Agamemnon would not allow me to stand declaiming out in the colonnade longer than he had spent sweating inside the school. “Your talk has an uncommon flavour, young man,” he said, “and what is most unusual, you appreciate good sense. I will not therefore deceive you by making a mystery of my art. The fact is that the teachers are not to blame for these exhibitions. They are in a madhouse, and they must gibber. Unless they speak to the taste of their young masters they will be left alone in the colleges, as Cicero remarks. Like the toadies [of Comedy] cadging after the rich man’s dinners, they think first about what is calculated to please their audience. They will never gain their object unless they lay traps for the ear. A master of oratory is like a fisherman; he must put the particular bait on his hook which he knows will tempt the little fish, or he may sit waiting on his rock with no hope of a catch.
[IV] “Quid ergo est? Parentes obiurgatione digni sunt, qui nolunt liberos suos severa lege proficere. Primum enim sic ut omnia, spes quoque suas ambitioni donant. Deinde cum ad vota properant, cruda adhuc studia in forum impellunt, et eloquentiam, qua nihil esse maius confitentur, pueris induunt adhuc nascentibus. Quod si paterentur laborum gradus fieri, ut sapientiae praeceptis animos componerent, ut verba atroci stilo effoderent, ut quod vellent imitari diti audirent,
[4] Then what is to be done? It is the parents who should be attacked for refusing to allow their children to profit by stern discipline. To begin with they consecrate even their young hopefuls, like everything else, to ambition. Then if they are in; a hurry for the fulfilment of their vows, they drive the unripe schoolboy into the law courts, and thrust eloquence, the noblest of callings, upon children who are still struggling into the world. If they would allow work to go on step by step, so that bookish boys were steeped in diligent reading, their minds formed by wise sayings, their pens relentless in tracking down the right word, their ears giving a long hearing to pieces they wished to imitate, and if they would convince themselves that what took a boy’s fancy was never fine; then the grand old style of oratory would have its full force and splendour. As it is, the boy wastes his time at school, and the young man is a laughing-stock in the courts. Worse than that, they will not admit when they are old the errors they have once imbibed at school. But pray do not think that I impugn Lucilius’s rhyme about modesty. I will myself put my own views in a poem:
[V] “Artis severae si quis ambit effectus
mentemque magnis applicat, prius mores
frugalitatis lege poliat exacta.
Nec curet alto regiam trucem vultu
cliensve cenas inpotentium captet,
nec perditis addictus obruat vino
mentis calorem; neve plausor in scenam
sedeat redemptus histrioniae addictus.
Sed sive armigerae rident Tritonidis arces,
seu Lacedaemonio tellus habitata colono
Sirenumque domus, det primos versibus annos
Maeoniumque bibat felici pectore fontem.
Mox et Socratico plenus grege mittat habenas
liber, et ingentis quatiat Demosthenis arma.
Hinc Romana manus circumfluat, et modo Graio
exonerata sono mutet suffusa saporem.
Interdum subducta foro det pagina cursum,
et fortuna sonet celeri distincta meatu.
Dent epulas et bella truci memorata canore,
grandiaque indomiti Ciceronis verba minentur.
Hi animum succinge bonis: sic flumine largo
plenus Pierio defundes pectore verba.”
[5] If any man seeks for success in stern art and applies his mind to great tasks, let him first perfect his character by the rigid law of frugality. Nor must he care for the lofty frown of the tyrant’s palace, or scheme for suppers with prodigals like a client, or drown the fires of his wit with wine in the company of the wicked, or sit before the stage applauding an actor’s grimaces for a price.
“But whether the fortress of armoured Tritonis smiles upon him, or the land where the Spartan farmer lives, or the home of the Sirens, let him give the years of youth to poetry, and let his fortunate soul drink of the Maeonian fount. Later, when he is full of the learning of the Socratic school, let him loose the reins, and shake the weapons of mighty Demosthenes like a free man. Then let the company of Roman writers pour about him, and, newly unburdened from the music of Greece, steep his soul and transform his taste. Meanwhile, let him withdraw from the courts and suffer his pages to run free, and in secret make ringing strains in swift rhythm; then let him proudly tell tales of feasts, and wars recorded in fierce chant, and lofty words such as undaunted Cicero uttered. Gird up thy soul for these noble ends; so shalt thou be fully inspired, and shalt pour out words in swelling torrent from a heart the Muses love.”
[VI] Dum hunc diligentius audio, non notavi mihi Ascylti fugam <. . .> Et dum in hoc dictorum aestu in hortis incedo, ingens scolasticorum turba in porticum venit, ut apparebat, ab extemporali declamatione nescio cuius, qui Agamemnonis suasoriam exceperat. Dum ergo iuvenes sententias rident ordinemque totius dictionis infamant, opportune subduxi me et cursim Ascylton persequi coepi. Sed nec viam diligenter tenebam quia <. . .> nec quo loco stabulum esset sciebam. Itaque quocumque ieram, eodem revertabar, donec et cursu fatigatus et sudore iam madens accedo aniculam quandam, quae agreste holus vendebat et:
[6] I was listening to him so carefully that I did not notice Ascyltos slipping away. I was pacing the gardens in the heat of our conversation, when a great crowd of students came out into the porch, apparently from some master whose extemporary harangue had followed Agamemnon’s discourse. So while the young men were laughing at his epigrams, and denouncing the tendency of his style as a whole, I took occasion to steal away and began hurriedly to look for Ascyltos. But I did not remember the road accurately, and I did not know where our lodgings were. So wherever I went, I kept coming back to the same spot, till I was tired out with walking, and dripping with sweat.
[VII] “Rogo, inquam, mater, numquid scis ubi ego habitem?” Delectata est illa urbanitate tam stulta et: “Quidni sciam?” inquit, consurrexitque et coepit me praecedere. Divinam ego putabam et subinde ut in locum secretiorem venimus, centonem anus urbana reiecit et: “Hic, inquit, debes habitare.” Cum ego negarem me agnoscere domum, video quosdam inter titulos nudasque meretrices furtim spatiantes. Tarde, immo iam sero intellexi me in fornicem esse deductum. Execratus itaque aniculae insidias operui caput et per medium lupanar fugere coepi in alteram partem, cum ecce in ipso aditu occurrit mihi aeque lassus ac moriens Ascyltos: putares ab eadem anicula esse deductum. Itaque ut ridens eum consalutavi, quid in loco tam deformi faceret quaesivi.
[7] At last I went up to an old w
oman who was selling country vegetables and said,”Please, mother, do you happen to know where I live?” She was charmed with such a polite fool.”Of course I do,” she said, and got up and began to lead the way. I thought her a prophetess . . . ., and when we had got into an obscure quarter the obliging old lady pushed back a patchwork curtain and said,”This should be your house.” I was saying that I did not remember it, when I noticed some men and naked women walking cautiously about among placards of price. Too late, too late I realized that I had been taken into a bawdy-house. I cursed the cunning old woman, and covered my head, and began to run through the brothel to another part, when just at the entrance Ascyltos met me, as tired as I was, and half-dead. It looked as though the same old lady had brought him there. I hailed him with a laugh, and asked him what he was doing in such an unpleasant spot.
[VIII] Sudorem ille manibus detersit et: “Si scires, inquit, quae mihi acciderunt. — Quid novi?” inquam ego. At ille deficiens: “Cum errarem, inquit, per totam civitatem nec invenirem quo loco stabulum reliquissem, accessit ad me pater familiae et ducem se itineris humanissime promisit. Per anfractus deinde obscurissimos egressus in hunc locum me perduxit, prolatoque peculis coepit rogare stuprum. Iam pro cella meretrix assem exegerat, iam ille mihi iniecerat manum et nisi valentior fuissem, dedissem poenas. <. . .> adeo ubique omnes mihi videbantur satureum bibisse <. . .> iunctis viribus molestum contempsimus.
<. . .>
[8] He mopped himself with his hands and said, “If you only knew what has happened to me.” “What is it?” I said. “Well,” he said, on the point of fainting, “I was wandering all over the town without finding where I had left my lodgings, when a respectable person came up to me and very kindly offered to direct me. He took me round a number of dark turnings and brought me out here, and then began to offer me money and solicit me. A woman got threepence out of me for a room, and he had already seized me. The worst would have happened if I had not been stronger than he.” . . .