The New Optimum Nutrition Bible

by Patrick Holford

  53. Royal College of Physicians special report. June 2003. Containing the Allergy Epidemic.

  54. U.S. News and World Report 106 (7), 77 (2) (Feb. 20, 1989).

  55. Fasano, A., and C. Catassi. 2001. Current approaches to diagnosing and treating celiac disease. Gastroenterology 120: 636–51; also see www.celiaccenter.org.

  56. Brand-Miller, J., et al. 2002. Glycemic index and obesity. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 76 (Suppl): 2815–55.

  57. Slabber, M., et al. 1994. Effects of a low-insulin-response, energy-restricted diet on weight loss and plasma insulin concentrations in hyperinsulinemic obese females. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 60 (1): 48–53.

  58. Cangiano, C, 1992. Eating behavior and adherence to dietary prescriptions in obese adult subjects treated with 5-hydroxytryptophan. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 56 (5): 863–67; C. Cangiano et al. 1998. Effects of oral 5-hydroxy-tryptophan on energy intake and macronutrient selection in non-insulin dependent diabetic patients. International Journal of Obesity and Related Metabolic Disorders 22 (7): 648–54.

  59. Clouatre, D., and M. Rosenbaum. 1994. The Diet and Health Benefits of HCA. New Canaan, Conn. Keats.

  60. Samaha, F. F., et al. 2003. A low-carbohydrate as compared with a low-fat diet in severe obesity. New England Journal of Medicine 348 (21): 2074–81; G.D. Foster et al. 2003. A randomized trial of a low-carbohydrate diet for obesity. New England Journal of Medicine 348 (21): 2082–90.

  61. Bravata, D. M., et al. 2003. Efficacy and safety of low-carbohydrate diets: A systematic review. Journal of the American Medical Association 289 (14): 837–50.

  62. Maconaghie, P. 1988. A Comparison of the Metabolic Diet with the Unislim Diet for Industry Weight Loss. London: ION Press.

  63. Feskanich, D. 1996. Protein consumption and bone fractures in women. American Journal of Epidemiology 143: 472.

  64. Knight, E., et al. 2003. The impact of protein intake on renal function decline in women with normal renal function or mild renal insufficiency. Annals of Internal Medicine 138 (6): 460–67; S. Reddy et al. 2002. Effect of low-carbohydrate high-protein diets on acid-base balance, stone-forming propensity, and calcium metabolism. American Journal of Kidney Diseases 40: 265–74.

  65. Fairburn, C. G., and P. J. Harrison. 2003. Eating disorders. Lancet 361: 407–16.

  66. Vos, T., et al. 2001. The burden of mental disorders in Victoria. Social Psychiatry Psychiatric Epidemology 36: 53–62.

  67. National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE). 2004. Eating Disorders: Core Interventions in the Treatment and Management of Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa and Related Eating Disorders. NICE.

  68. Johnson, W. G., et al. 1994. Repeated binge/purge cycles in bulimia nervosa: Role of glucose and insulin. International Journal of Eating Disorders 15 (4): 331–34.

  69. Wurtman, R. J., and J. J. Wurtman. 1996. Brain serotonin, carbohydrate-craving, obesity and depression. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology 398: 35–41.

  70. Goodwin, G. M., et al. 1990. Plasma concentrations of tryptophan and dieting. British Medical Journal 300: 1499–500; B. E. Wolfe, E. D. Metzger, and C. Stollar. 1997. The effects of dieting on plasma tryptophan concentration and food intake in healthy women. Physiological Behaviour 61 (4): 537–41.

  71. New York Times re Fava, M., M.D., Massachusetts General Hospital Study, Boston, May 28, 1993.

  72. Smith, K. A., C. G. Fairburn, and P. J. Cowen. 1999. Symptomatic relapse in bulimia nervosa following acute tryptophan depletion. Archives of General Psychiatry 56: 171–76.

  73. Laessle, R. G., et al. 1991. A comparison of nutritional management with stress management in the treatment of bulimia nervosa. British Journal of Psychiatry 159: 250–61; G. Brambilla et al. 1995. Combined cognitive-behavioural, psychopharmalogical and nutritional therapy in bulimia nervosa. Neuropsychobiology 32 (2): 64–67.

  74. World Health Organization. The World Health Report 2001-Mental Health: New Understanding, New Hope, www.who.int/whr/2001.

  Part 5

  1. Hargreave, T. B., et al. 1984. Randomised trial of mesterolone versus vitamin C for male infertility. British Journal of Urology 56 (6): 740–44; B.J. Abel et al. 1982. Randomised trial of clomiphene citrate treatment and vitamin C for male infertility. British Journal of Urology 54 (6): 780–84.

  2. Milunsky, A., et al. 1989. Multivitamin/folic acid supplementation in early pregnancy reduces the prevalence of neural tube defects. Journal of the American Medical Association 262 (20): 2847–52.

  3. Huff, R. 1999. Department of Developmental Services Report on Autism.

  4. Colquhon, I., and S. Bunday. 1981. A lack of essential fatty acids as a possible cause of hyperactivity in children. Medical Hypotheses 7: 673–79.

  5. Richardson, A. J., et al. 2002. A randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled study of the effects of supplementation with highly unsaturated fatty acids on ADHD-related symptoms in children with specific learning difficulties. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry 26 (2): 233–39.

  6. Megson, M. 2000. Is autism a G-Alpha protein defect reversible with natural vitamin A? Medical Hypotheses 54 (6): 979–83.

  7. Megson, M. 2002. The biological basis for perceptual deficits in autism: Vitamin A and G-proteins. Lecture at Ninth International Symposium on Functional Medicine (May).

  8. Prinz, R. J., et al. 1980. Dietary correlates of hyperactive behaviour in children. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 48: 760–69.

  9. Schoenthaler, S.J. 1983. The Northern California diet-behaviour program: An empirical evaluation of 3,000 incarcerated juveniles in Stanislaus County juvenile hall. International Journal of Biosocial Research 5 (2): 99–106; S.J. Schoenthaler. 1983. The Los Angeles probation department diet-behaviour program: An empirical analysis of six institutional settings. Ibid., 107–17.

  10. Langseth, L., and J. Dowd. 1978. Glucose tolerance and hyperkinesis. Food and Cosmetics Toxicology 16: 129.

  11. Whiteley, P. 2001. Autism Research Unit at Sunderland University, speaking at Autism Unravelled conference, May 11. London.

  12. Whitely, P., et al. 1999. A gluten-free diet as an intervention for autism and associated disorders: Preliminary findings Autism: International Journal of Research and Practice 3: 45–65.

  13. Brush, M. G. 1983. Nutritional approaches to the treatment of premenstrual syndrome. Nutrition and Health 2 (3/4): 203–09.

  14. Abraham, G. E., et al. 1980. Effect of vitamin B6 on premenstrual symptomatology in women with premenstrual tension syndromes: A double-blind crossover study. Infertility 3: 155–6.

  15. Horrobin, D. F. 1990. Gamma linolenic acid: An intermediate in essential fatty acid metabolism with potential as an ethical pharmaceutical and as a food. Reviews in Contemporary Pharmacotherapy 1: 1–45.

  16. Flynn, A. M., and M. Brooks. 1990. A Manual of Natural Family Planning. Thorsons/HarperCollins.

  17. Sun, J. 2003. Morning/evening menopausal formula relieves menopausal symptoms: A pilot study. Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine 9 (3): 403–09.

  18. Seal, E. C, J. Metz, L. Flicker, and J. Melny. 2002. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of oral vitamin B12 supplementation in older patients with subnormal or borderline serum vitamin B12 concentrations. Journal of the American Geriatric Society 50 (1): 146–51.

  19. Holford, P. 2004. Alzheimer’s and dementia: The nutrition connection. Primary Care Mental Health 2: 5–12.

  20. Strassman, R. 1999. DMT-The Spirit Molecule. Rochester, Vt.: Park Street Press.

  Part 6

  1. Vitamins and Minerals—How Much Is Safe? ION Press, 1991.

  2. Food Standards Agency. 2003. Safety of vitamins and minerals. Report of the Expert Group on Vitamins and Minerals (EVM); D. Shrimpton and R. Richardson. 2003. Vitamins and minerals: An overview of benefits and safety. Health Food Manufacturers’ Association, www.hfma.co.uk.

  3. Lazarou, J., et al. 1998. Incidence of Adverse Drug Reactions in Hospitalized Pa
tients. Journal of the American Medical Association 279 (15): 1200–10.

  4. Pirmohamed, M., et al. 2004. Adverse drug reactions as cause of admission to hospital. British Medical Journal 329: 15–19.

  5. See www.healthyoptions.co.nz/Australia.pdf.

  6. Stearns, D. M., J. P. Wise Sr., S. R. Patierno, and K. E. Wetterhahn. 1995. Chromium (III) picolinate produces chromosome damage in Chinese hamster ovary cells. The Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology Journal 9: 1643–48.

  7. Anderson, R. A., N. A. Bryden, and M. M. Polansky. 1997. Lack of toxicity of chromium chloride and chromium picolinate in rats. Journal of American College Nutrition 16: 273–79.