Washington's Immortals
Page 50
Oldham, Edward, 329–30
Old Point Comfort, 360
Old Stone House Museum, 61n
Old York Road, 156
Oneidas, 191, 194
Onondagas, 191
Orangeburg, S.C., 345–46
Osborn, Colonel, 173
Ostenaco (Cherokee chief), 243
Oswald, Richard, 372
Otter, HMS, 33–35
Overmountain Men, 262–66, 280
Pacolet River, 277
Paine, Thomas, 29, 110
at Germantown, 161
Paoli Massacre, 153–55, 194
Paoli Tavern, 153–54
Paris, Treaty of, 8, 147, 365, 372–73
Parker’s Mill, 131
Parliament, British, 194
Patriot, The (film), 242
Patriots, 26–30
Paul, Virginia, 266n
Paulus Hook, N.J., 225–26
Peale, Charles Willson, 17, 48, 107, 109
Peale, James, 17, 48, 69, 107, 201
Pee Dee River, 273–74, 276, 301
Peggy Stewart, burning of, 4
Pelham Bay, 86
Pell’s Point, 85–86
Pennsylvania Line, 204, 227–28
Pennsylvania navy, 165
pensions, 73n, 379–80
Percy, Hugh, 94
Perth Amboy, N.J., 111
Petersburg, Va., 239, 240
petite guerre, 135–36
Phelps, William, 83
Philadelphia, Pa., 47, 103, 110–11, 140, 163, 358
British attack on, 142
British evacuation of, 183
Howe’s capture of, 155–56
Loyalists in, 141
Philadelphia Associators, 113, 118, 126, 127
Philadelphia Committee on Public Safety, 164
Phillips, William, 328
Philpot, Bryan, 69–70, 379
Philpot, Bryan, Jr., 18, 70
Pickens, Andrew, 283, 341
Pindell, Richard, 133–34, 148, 295–96, 335, 336, 337, 343, 350, 352, 370, 378
pneumonia, 176
Pollock, Elias, 214
Pope, Thomas, 218
Portsmouth, Va., 34
Portugal, 87
Post Road, 80
post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), 379
Princeton, Battle of, 125–37, 210
Princeton, N.J., 106, 107, 108, 111, 118, 138, 375
British in, 126–29
Princeton University, 129
prisoners of war (POWs), 94–99, 118, 131–32, 151
British treatment of, 117
deaths of, 96, 99
escapes of, 97–99
Hessian, 117
humiliation of, 95, 96–97
in New York, 99
parole of, 239–40
poisoning of, 99
prison ships, 77, 96, 97–98, 140, 166, 219, 240, 256
privates, 19
Prospect Park, 60
prostitutes, 50
Protestants, Protestantism, 27
Providence, R.I., 104
proxies, 7
Putnam, Fort, 75, 77
Putnam, Israel “Old Put,” 54–55, 61, 74, 79, 229
Quebec, 33, 275
Queen’s Rangers, 159, 160, 193
Quibbletown (Piscataway), N.J., 136
Rall, Johann, 94, 112–13, 116–17
death of, 117
Ramsay, David, 17
Ramsay, Margaret Jane Peale, 48–49, 178–79
Ramsay, Nathaniel, 17, 33, 48, 62, 67, 69, 94, 105, 132, 145, 178, 201, 229, 377
in Battle of Monmouth, 185–87
capture of, 186–87
ranger units, 192
ranging forces, 7
Raritan River, 105
Rawdon, Francis, Lord, 251, 331–32, 338, 342, 345–46
at Hobkirk’s Hill, 332–33
Rawling, Moses, 93, 95
Reconciliationists, 258
Red Lion Inn, 59, 60–61
Reedy Fork Road, 325
Revolutionary War Drill Manual (von Steuben), 180
Rhode Island, 164
Riedesel, Baroness von, 170
Rife, Peter, 325–26
Roberts, John, 220, 221–22
Rochambeau, Jean-Baptiste Donatien de Vimeur, comte de, 327–28, 356, 357, 363, 365
Roche, Patrick, 349
Roche house, 349–52
Rock, Andrew, 289, 291
Roebuck (British warship), 131
Rogers’ Rangers, 7, 54–55, 193
Ross, John, 217–18
Roundheads, 241
Royal Fusiliers, 276
Royal Navy, 37, 39, 71, 74, 84, 136, 142, 163, 209, 357
in attack on Fort Mifflin, 166–67, 169
Royal Proclamation Line, 241, 262
Royal Regiment of Artillery, 43–44
Royal Welch Fusiliers, 303, 317–18, 359
rum, 142
Russia, 258
sabers, 43
Saint George’s Island, Md., 35
Saint Lawrence, Gulf of, 8
Saint Lucia, 194
Saint Mary’s City, Md., 27
Salisbury, N.C., 241, 256, 305
saltpeter, 24
Sands, William, 49
Sandy Hill Plantation, 371
Sandy Hook, N.J., 37, 142, 189
Saratoga, Battle of, 169–72, 183, 194, 275, 297–98, 363
Saratoga, N.Y., 155
Savannah, Ga., 231–32, 328
Schuylerville, N.Y., 170
Schuylkill River, 163, 168
Scott, Charles, 119, 120–21, 184–85
Scottish Highlanders, 44, 242
prisoners not taken by, 67–68
scurvy, 176
2nd Guards Battalion, British, 322–23, 324
2nd Maryland Battalion, American, 309
2nd Maryland Brigade, American, 250–54
2nd Maryland Company, American, 275
2nd Maryland Regiment, American, 105n, 132, 135, 320–21, 335
Selden, Samuel, 344
Seneca tribe, 191
Senegal, 299
Serle, Ambrose, 41, 46, 53, 54
7th Independent Company, American, 18
7th Maryland Regiment, American, 135
17th Light Dragoons, British, 277, 288
17th Regiment of Foot, British, 210, 216, 221
7th Regiment of Foot, British, 276
71st Regiment of Foot, British, 210, 276, 289, 290–91, 292
Seven Years’ War, 7–8, 39, 41, 66, 135, 147, 169
Seymour, William, 245, 257, 290, 295, 305, 310, 318, 334, 348
sharpshooters, 119
Shaw, John Robert, 247
Shelby, Isaac, 263
Shelton, Captain, 217
Sheridan, Henry, 351, 352
ships of the line, 357
Shrewsbury, N.J., 204
Sid, Virginia, 265–66
Siege of Boston, 13, 93–94, 193
siege warfare, 361
Silliman, Gold Selleck, 83
Simcoe, John Graves, 191, 193, 229
Singleton, Anthony, 321
Sipple, Martinas, 121
6th Maryland Regiment, American, 135, 186
Slade, William, 97
slave revolts, 231
slavery, 20, 337
slave trade, 378–79
smallpox, 133
Smallwood, William, 8, 16, 19, 23, 52, 61, 69, 72, 75, 80, 89, 91, 131, 132, 135, 140, 146, 153, 154, 156, 159, 160–61, 177, 179, 194, 201, 224
, 230, 235, 246, 252, 254, 268, 269, 356, 374, 375, 377
charges of despotism against, 199–200
clashes with officers of, 199–200
at Kips Bay, 78–79
and Norwood’s dismissal, 199–200
Smallwood’s Battalion, American, 14–15, 38, 50, 51, 52, 54, 62, 63, 66–67, 68–70, 77, 84, 87, 98, 100, 102, 107, 113, 127, 131, 164, 177, 219, 228, 275, 320
African Americans in, 19–20
arming of, 21–24
in Battle of Brandywine, 144, 145
in Battle of Brooklyn, 61
in Brooklyn, 55
Smallwood’s Battalion, American (continued)
camp followers of, 47
casualties of, 77
expiring enlistments of, 105
inequities of supply for, 23
initial stationing of, 24–25
lack of provisions for, 103
leadership qualities sought by, 17–18
Loyalist families and, 28–29
in Manhattan invasion, 80–81
in march to N.Y., 47–48, 49
non-commissioned officers in, 20
original slate of officers in, 17–18
Otter incident and, 34–35
provisioning of, 16
recruits to, 19–20
retreat to Brooklyn Heights of, 64
supplying of, 15–16
swimming of Gowanus Creek by, 69–70
wages of, 15
Smith, John, 154, 250, 323, 337–38
at Hobkirk’s Hill, 335–36
Smith, Mrs., 212
Smith, Samuel, 6, 35, 36, 48, 64, 67, 69, 77, 82, 88, 89, 90, 91, 94, 102, 105, 132, 145, 150, 164–67, 168, 199, 201, 298, 337, 356, 375, 377–78
Society of the Cincinnati, Maryland Chapter of, 376–77
solid shot, 44
South Carolina, 87n, 231, 241, 244, 245, 260, 273–74
South Carolina Line, 243
Spain, 186, 194, 231
Spartanburg, 280
Spartans, 11
special forces, 43
Speedwell Furnace, 325, 326
spontoons, 207, 326
Springsteel farm, 207
Stamp Act (1765), 8, 66
Star Fort, 339–47
Staten Island, N.Y., 37, 40–43, 137–40, 166, 369
Stedman, Charles, 109, 327
Stephen, Adam, 114, 156, 159
Sterrett, John, 18
Sterrett, Mary, see Gist, Mary “Polly” Sterrett
Sterrett, William, 18, 68, 97–98, 178
Steuben, Baron Friedrich von, 179–80, 187, 238, 308–9, 355, 361
Stevens, Edward, 248, 249
Steward, Jack, 23, 33, 48, 67, 69, 82, 94, 105, 114, 127, 132, 148, 178, 202, 213, 223, 228, 229, 308, 321, 337, 356, 362, 369
capture of, 139–40
court-martial of, 83
death of, 371–72
escape of, 166
forlorn hope lead by, 207, 213–14, 216–17, 218
at Hobkirk’s Hill, 335
in light infantry, 192–93
at Stony Point, 207, 209–10, 216, 218, 222
Steward, Stephen, 23
Stewart, Alexander, 346–47, 348–54
Stewart, James, 322–23
Stirling, William Alexander, Lord, 40, 55, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66–67, 70–71, 79, 107, 108, 114, 146, 187
Stockbridge Indians, Massacre of the, 193
Stockbridge Mohicans, 191–94
Stone, Cudbeth, 290
Stone, John Hoskins, 105, 120, 139, 146–47, 149, 162
Stony Point, Battle of, 206–24, 208, 344
British reoccupation of fort after, 224
casualties of, 223
deserter executions after, 224
forlorn hope in, 206–7, 213–14, 216–17, 218, 222
howitzer at, 220–21
intelligence in, 211–12, 216
secrecy in, 213, 215–16
Stony Point, N.Y.:
beach at, 212
British fortifying of, 209–10
geography of, 209
Stuart, James, 320, 335
substitutes, 202
sugar-house, 99
suicide squad, 206
Sullivan, John, 54, 55, 63, 64, 67, 115, 140, 144, 145, 146, 149, 156–57, 189
raid on Staten Island lead by, 138–39
Summerton, S.C., 329
Sumter, Thomas, 242, 243–44, 260, 268, 300, 332, 340, 342, 346
surgery, 259
instruments for, 134
tactics, 21–22
Tarleton, Banastre, 108, 183, 193, 240, 243, 251, 253–54, 255, 269, 276–78, 280, 283, 297, 298, 310, 311, 312, 319, 324, 327, 359, 362–63, 378–79
at Cowpens, 284–96
“Tarleton’s quarter,” 240
taxes, 4, 8–9, 203
tea, 8
Tennessee, 241, 262
Thermopylae, Battle of, 11
3rd Maryland Regiment, American, 135, 145, 361
in Battle of Monmouth, 185–86
33rd Infantry Regiment, British, 247, 250
Throgs Neck Peninsula, 85
Ticonderoga, Fort, 33, 169–70
Timberlake Expedition, 243
Tipu Sultan, 66
Tories, see Loyalists
treason, 10, 29, 93
Trenton, N.J., 107, 109, 111, 112–22, 129, 136, 138
Cornwallis’s counterattack in, 119–22
Howe encamped in, 110–11
Triplett, Peter H., 222
Trumbull, John, 375n
Tuffin, Armand, 247
Tuscaroras, 191
23rd Regiment, British, 250
typhoid fever, 49
typhus, 176
vagrants, 202
Valley Forge, Pa., 173, 175–80, 183, 187, 222, 269
Van Brunt, Adrian, 381
Vass, Vincent, 213, 215, 222, 223
Veazey, Edward, 18, 23, 70
Vechte-Cortelyou farmhouse, 61, 66–67
venereal disease, 50
Verplanck’s Point, 209, 210
shelling of, 223
Ville de Paris (ship), 357
Virginia, 7, 28, 34, 164
Virginia Continentals, American, 114
Virginia Regiment, American, 119, 120
Virginia Sharpshooters, American, 275
Volunteers of Ireland, British, 251–52, 333–34
Vulture (gunboat), 220, 221–22, 298
Wabash, Battle of the, 378
Wallabout Bay, 97–98
Wallace, Andrew, 289
warfare techniques, 7–8, 43
defense in depth in, 281–82, 314
evolving style of, 86
massed fire in, 21–22
tactics in, 21–22
War of 1812, 180, 343n, 356, 378
Washington, Fort, 87, 92, 93–99, 100, 112, 269
Washington, George, xii, 3, 11, 12, 13–14, 28, 49, 53, 54, 55, 69, 71–72, 74, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80–81, 84, 86–87, 94, 95, 101, 102, 104, 125–26, 127–28, 130, 135, 136, 138, 158, 169, 180, 184, 192, 226–27, 229, 235, 239, 268, 269, 297, 327–28, 337, 346, 355–56, 357, 361–62
in assault on Trenton, 112–22
in attack on Germantown, 155–62
in Battle of Brandywine, 141–50
in Battle of Monmouth, 185, 186, 187–88
Battle of White Plains and, 88–92
British invasion of New York and, 38–39, 45–46
in British surrender, 365
and burning of Manhattan, 84
on camp followers, 47–48
&n
bsp; commission resigned by, 375–76
on de Fleury, 165
Delaware crossed by, 106–7, 108–9, 112, 114–15
dismissal of Charles Lee by, 184–85
evacuation of Fort Lee ordered by, 100
at Fort Mifflin, 164
French alliance and, 172, 189–90
in French and Indian War, 7
Hamilton and, 105
Howard’s court-martial and, 200–201
leadership skills of, 14
light infantry created by, 192
as Mason, 230
in move to White Plains, 86–87, 88–89
in retreat through New Jersey, 100–111
as showman, 141
smallpox inoculation ordered by, 133
and Stony Point, 210–11, 212–13
at Valley Forge, 176–77, 183
as waging war of attrition, 136
at Yorktown, 360–63
Washington, Martha Custis, 13
Washington, William, 269, 276, 282, 284, 285, 289, 292–94, 302, 309, 310, 311–12, 316, 322, 332, 334, 336, 349, 352–53, 371
watermelons, 59
Waters, Richard, 216
Watkins, Gassaway, 20, 67, 101, 157, 200, 219, 256, 275, 288, 304–5, 321, 334, 344, 374, 378
Watkins, John, 50n
Watson, Fort, 329, 330–31, 332, 338
Waxhaws Massacre, 240, 261, 263, 276
Waxhaws Road, 245, 249, 250
Wayne, Anthony “Mad Anthony,” 153–54, 207–8, 210, 212–13, 214–15, 220, 222, 223, 224, 227–28, 359–60, 361, 369, 372
Webster, James, 223, 317, 325
Wells, Henry, 113–14, 148, 149–50, 281, 290, 291
Welsh, George, 160
West Indies, 172, 231
Westlay, Sergeant, 90
West Point, N.Y., 195, 205, 209, 224, 235, 274, 297, 298
Whigs, 261
White Horse Tavern, 152
White Plains, Battle of, 88–92
casualties in, 91–92
White Plains, N.Y., 87, 88, 189, 192
whore’s march, 50
Wilcox’s Iron Works, 242
Williams, John, 210, 224
Williams, Otho Holland, 93–95, 96–97, 105, 132, 186, 199, 201, 228, 229, 241, 246, 247–48, 249, 250, 252, 254, 255, 256, 269, 275, 301, 308, 309, 318, 320, 322, 337, 346, 349, 350, 369, 374, 375, 377
Williamsburg, Va., 358, 360
Wilmington, Del., 177, 178–80, 187
Wilmington, N.C., 34, 329, 330
Wilmot, William, 139–40, 369, 371
Wister, Sally, 177
wolf holes, 163
women, as spies, 48
Woodward, Elizabeth, 132
Woolwich Military Academy (the Shop), 43
Wrottesley, John, 194
Xerxes, King of Persia, 11
Yadkin River, 306–7, 308
Yonkers, N.Y., 192
York River, 360
Yorktown, Va., 327, 356, 358, 360–61
Young, Thomas, 282–83, 287, 292, 294–95