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Heart--A History

Page 25

by Sandeep Jauhar


  Hall, Joan Lord

  hallucinations

  Hamlet (Shakespeare)

  hardening of the arteries, see atherosclerosis

  Harvard University

  Harvey, William

  Hawaii

  heart attacks/myocardial infarctions; risk factors for; sudden death resulting from, see sudden cardiac death; survival of; symptoms of; see also cardiac arrest

  heart block

  heart cells

  heart failure; end-stage; transplants for; treatments for; see also congestive heart failure

  heart-healthy lifestyle

  heart-lung machines; surgical alternatives prior to invention of

  heart transplantation

  heparin

  herbal supplements

  hereditary disorders

  Hertz, Carl Helmuth

  high blood pressure, see hypertension/high blood pressure

  Hildegard of Bingen

  Hill, Luther

  Hinduism

  HIV

  homeostasis

  Honshu (Japan)

  hopelessness

  Hopkinson, Mary

  hormones

  hospice

  House Appropriations Health Subcommittee

  Houston

  Howard University

  Hugo, Victor

  Hunter, John

  hypertension/high blood pressure; as cardiovascular risk factor; emotional/psychosocial factors in; methods for control of

  hypothermia

  IBM Corporation

  iliac artery

  Illness as Metaphor (Sontag)

  immigrants

  immune system

  India; partition of

  infections; postsurgical; of transplant patients

  infectious diseases

  inferior vena cava

  inflammation

  insulin resistance

  International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War

  ischemia

  Israel

  Italy; Renaissance

  Ithaca (New York)

  Jalife, José

  Japan; immigrants in U.S. from; in World War II

  Jarvik, Robert

  Jarvik-7 artificial heart

  Jauhar, Mohan

  Jauhar, Pia

  Jauhar, Rajiv

  Jauhar, Sonia

  Jefferson Medical College

  Jesus, Sacred Heart of

  Jewish Hospital (Louisville)

  Johns Hopkins University

  Johnson, Jacqueline

  Journal of the American Medical Association

  Journal of Thoracic Surgery

  Joyce, James

  Jude, James

  Julian, Desmond

  Justus, Wilhelm

  Kanpur (India)

  Kanpur Agricultural College

  Karp, Haskell

  Kent (England)

  Kentucky

  kidney failure

  kidneys; artificial

  King of Hearts (Miller)

  Kirklin, John

  Klinische Wochenschrift

  Knickerbocker, Guy

  Koch, Robert

  Kolff, Willem

  Kölliker, Rudolf Von

  Kouwenhoven, William

  Lancet, The

  language problems

  learned helplessness

  Le Fanu, James

  left anterior descending (LAD) artery

  Leonardo da Vinci

  leprosy

  leukemia

  Lewis, John

  lidocaine

  Life magazine

  lifestyle

  Lifestyle Heart Trial

  “Life You Save May Be Your Own, The” (O’Connor)

  Lillehei, C. Walton

  Lima (Peru)

  lipoprotein(a)

  liver

  Lolita (Nabokov)

  London (England)

  London Daily Mirror

  London Medical Society

  Lost Art of Healing, The (Lown)

  Louisville (Kentucky)

  Lower, Richard

  low-fat diets

  Lown, Bernard

  Loy, Una

  Lund, University of

  lung cancer

  macrophages

  MacWilliam, John Alexander

  magnets

  “Maintenance of Life During Experimental Occlusion of the Pulmonary Artery Followed by Survival, The” (Gibbon)

  Malaria Control in War Areas, U.S. Office of

  Malpighi, Marcello

  Marcus Aurelius

  Marmot, Michael

  Massachusetts, University of

  Massachusetts General Hospital (Boston)

  Mayo Clinic

  Mayo-Gibbon oxygenator

  McDonald, Abby

  McGill University

  McIntire, Admiral Ross

  McLean, Jay

  McMichael, John

  McQuarrie, Irvine

  Meadors, Gilcin

  Mediators of Atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America (MASALA) study

  meditation

  Mediterranean diet

  Medtronic

  memory deficits

  mental lassitude

  metaphorical heart; history of

  metastatic cancer

  Miami, American Heart Association conference in

  midazolam

  Middle Ages

  Miller, G. Wayne

  mind-body interactions

  Mines, George

  Minneapolis

  Minneapolis Tribune

  Minnesota; University of

  Minnesota Medicine

  minority groups

  Mirowski, Michel

  misdiagnosis

  mitral valve

  Montgomery (Alabama)

  Montreal

  morbidity

  Morgagni, Giovanni Battista

  morphine drip

  Morristown (New Jersey)

  mortality rates; for cardiac wounds; reduction in

  Mountin, Joseph

  Mount Zion Hospital (San Francisco)

  Mower, Morton

  Müller, Heinrich

  multi-organ failure

  multivariate analysis

  Munch, Edvard

  Muslims

  Mustard, William

  myocardial infarctions, see heart attacks/myocardial infarctions

  myocardial wire

  myopericarditis

  Nafis, Ibn al-

  National Guard

  National Heart Act (1948)

  National Heart Institute (NHI)

  National Institutes of Health

  National Society of Professional Engineers

  natural catastrophes

  natural healers

  Nature

  nausea

  negative affectivity; see also anxiety; depression

  neuroscience

  New Delhi (India)

  New England Journal of Medicine

  New York City; hospitals in (see also Bellevue Hospital); 9/11 terrorist attack on

  New York Times

  nightmares

  Niigata Prefecture (Japan)

  9/11 terrorist attack

  nitroglycerin

  Nixon, Richard M.

  Nobel Prize; in Physiology and Medicine

  Normandy, landing of Allied troops in

  North Dakota

  Northwestern University Medical School

  Null, Gary

  nutraceuticals

  Nyström, Gunnar

  NYU Medical Center (New York City)

  obesity

  O’Connor, Flannery

  “On Dynamic Equilibrium in the Heart” (Mines)

  “On the Nature of Turbulence” (Ruelle and Takens)

  open-heart surgery; alternatives to; with cross-circulation; with heart-lung machines

  Oregon, University of

  organ harvesting

  organ rejection

  Ornish, Dean

  “O
roya fever”

  Oscar Mayer Company

  oscilloscopes

  Osler, William; Harveian Oration of

  oxygenation

  pacemakers; external; natural

  Padua, University of

  Pagenstecher, Sanitatsrath

  pain; absence of response to; chest; of implanted defibrillator shocks

  Pakistan

  palpitations; see also arrhythmias; ventricular fibrillation

  parasympathetic nervous system

  Parkinson’s disease

  Pavlovian response

  Pearl Harbor, Japanese bombing of

  Pearson, Karl

  Pennsylvania; University of

  pericarditis

  pericardium

  Persia

  Peru

  Peter Bent Brigham Hospital (Boston)

  “phantom shock”

  Philadelphia

  physical activity, see exercise

  placebo effect

  Plainview Hospital (Plainview, New York)

  plaque; atherosclerotic; visualization of

  platelets

  Plato

  pneumonia

  Poland

  Popper, Karl

  post-traumatic stress disorder

  potassium

  Prague

  precordial thumps

  premature ventricular contractions (PVCs)

  pressure-volume loops

  Prévost, Jean Louis

  Princeton University

  “Probing the Right Ventricle of the Heart” (Forssmann)

  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

  processed foods

  Provident Hospital (Chicago)

  Prussian State Library

  psychosocial risk factors

  Public Broadcasting System (PBS)

  Public Health Service, U.S.

  pulmonary embolectomy

  pulmonary function tests

  pulse deficit

  “pump head”

  Punjab (India)

  quality-of-life issues

  radio-frequency ablative procedure

  Radio Shack

  rapamycin

  rapid eye movement (REM) sleep

  Reconstruction

  “reentry”

  reflex arc

  refractory period

  Rehn, Ludwig

  REM sleep, see rapid eye movement (REM) sleep

  Renaissance

  respiratory failure

  restitution

  resuscitation, see cardiopulmonary resuscitation

  Richards, Dickinson

  Richter, Curt

  Richter scale

  risk factors; epidemiology of, see Framingham study; ethnic differences in; psychosocial; of heart attack survivors

  Roberts, John Bingham

  Rohman, Michael

  Roman Catholic Church

  Roman Empire

  romantic love, heart as locus of

  Rome

  Romeis, Peter

  Roosevelt, Franklin Delano

  Rosenman, Ray

  Ross, Donald

  Royal Infirmary (Edinburgh)

  Ruelle, David

  Russia

  Sacred Heart of Jesus

  St. Louis; Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis

  St. Luke’s Episcopal Hospital (Houston)

  St. Petersburg (Russia)

  Salem (Massachusetts)

  Salt Lake City

  San Francisco Bay Area

  Sauerbruch, Ferdinand

  schizophrenia

  Schmidt, Pamela

  Schneider, Richard

  Scientific American

  Scotland

  Sears, Roebuck

  sedatives

  sedentary lifestyle

  selection bias

  self-experimentation

  Separation (Munch)

  septal defects: atrial (ASDs); ventricular (VSDs)

  September 11, 2001, terrorist attack, see 9/11

  Seroquel

  Servetus, Michael

  Seuse, Heinrich

  Shakespeare, William

  Shaw, Laura

  shock

  shocks, electrical, see defibrillation

  shortness of breath

  Shumway, Norman

  Siddiqui, Mohammed

  Siemens echocardiogram machine

  Sigmamotor milk pump

  Sikhs

  Sinai Hospital (Baltimore)

  Sinemet

  sinoatrial node

  sleep disorders

  smoking; as cardiovascular risk factor; rates of

  snakes

  Snow, John

  Snow White (fairy tale)

  sonar, see ultrasound

  Sones, Mason

  Sontag, Susan

  South Africa

  South Asians, prevalence of heart disease among

  spiral waves

  Stanford University

  startle response

  statins

  stents

  Sterling, Peter

  Stevenson, Lynne Warner

  stimulant drugs

  stomach ulcers

  strokes; risk factors for

  sudden cardiac death; emotional stress causing; prevention of, see defibrillators; ventricular fibrillation as major cause of

  superior vena cava

  supplements, dietary

  surgical hypothermia

  Sweden

  Switzerland

  sympathetic nervous system

  syphilis

  Syracuse University

  Syria

  tachycardia

  Takens, Floris

  takotsubo cardiomyopathy

  tamponade

  “Termination of Malignant Ventricular Arrhythmias with an Implanted Automatic Defibrillator in Human Beings” (Mirowski)

  Texas Instruments

  Thailand

  Threefold Life of Man, The (Böhme)

  thrifty genes

  thrombosis

  Time magazine

  tissue death

  Tobacco Institute

  Toronto, University of

  transposition of the great arteries

  treadmill stress test

  Trendelenburg, Friedrich

  Trost, Dr.

  Truman, Harry

  tuberculosis

  Tufts University

  Tulane University

  turbulence

  type A personality

  ulcers

  ultrasound; see also echocardiograms

  Ulysses (Joyce)

  Unger, Ernst

  United Kingdom, incidence of heart disease in

  United States: age at first heart attack in; artificial heart programs in; cardiac research in; catheters manufactured in; congenital heart defects in; cost of medical devices in; defibrillators implanted in; epidemiological studies in; first residency program in; heart transplants in; incidence of heart disease in; mortality from heart disease in; stent use in; see also specific states and municipalities

  University Hospital (Zurich)

  “Use of Ultrasonic Reflectoscope for the Continuous Recording of the Movements of Heart Walls” (Edler and Hertz)

  Utah, University of, Medical Center

  vaccinations, opposition to

  Valium

  Vanderbilt University

  Variety Club Heart Hospital (Minneapolis)

  vascular inflammation

  vasopressin antagonists

  vegetarian diet

  vena cava

  ventilators

  ventricles; of artificial heart; congenital defects of; electrophysiology of; implantable devices attached to; premature contractions of; survival of injuries to; see also ventricular fibrillation

  ventricular assist devices (LVADs)

  ventricular fibrillation; animal studies of; as major cause of sudden cardiac death; see also defibrillators

  ventricular septal defects (VSDs)

&nb
sp; verruga peruana

  Vesalius, Andreas

  Veterans Affairs Hospital (Buffalo, New York)

  Vibrio cholerae

  Victoria, Queen of England

  Vietnam War

  vigilance

  voltage

  voodoo death

  “‘Voodoo’ Death” (Cannon)

  “vulnerable period”

  Wake Forest University

  Wang, Thomas

  Wangensteen, Owen

  Warm Springs (Georgia)

  Washington, D.C.

  Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis

  Washkansky, Louis

  Watson, Cecil

  Watson, Thomas

  Wayne State University

  White, Paul Dudley

  Whitehall study

  Wilkes College

  Williams, Daniel Hale

  World Trade Center, 9/11 terrorist attack on

  World War I

  World War II

  X-rays

  Yalta Conference

  yoga

  York (England)

  Zionism

  Zoll, Paul

  Zurich (Switzerland)

  ALSO BY SANDEEP JAUHAR

  Doctored

  Intern

  A NOTE ABOUT THE AUTHOR

  Sandeep Jauhar, MD, PhD, is the director of the Heart Failure Program at Long Island Jewish Medical Center. He is the bestselling author of Doctored and Intern and a New York Times contributing op-ed writer. He lives with his wife and their son and daughter on Long Island. You can sign up for email updates here.

  Thank you for buying this

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  Contents

  Title Page

  Copyright Notice

  Dedication

  Epigraph

  Prologue: CT Scan

  Introduction: The Engine of Life

  PART I: METAPHOR

  1. A Small Heart

  2. Prime Mover

  PART II: MACHINE

  3. Clutch

  4. Dynamo

  5. Pump

  6. Nut

  7. Stress Fractures

  8. Pipes

  9. Wires

  10. Generator

  11. Replacement Parts

  PART III: MYSTERY

  12. Vulnerable Heart

  13. A Mother’s Heart

  14. Compensatory Pause

  Notes

  Supplementary Reading

  Acknowledgments

  Index

  Also by Sandeep Jauhar

  A Note About the Author

  Copyright

  Farrar, Straus and Giroux

  175 Varick Street, New York 10014

  Copyright © 2018 by Sandeep Jauhar

  All rights reserved

  First edition, 2018

  Portions of this book originally appeared in different form in The New York Times and The New England Journal of Medicine.

  E-book ISBN: 978-0-374-71700-1

  Our e-books may be purchased in bulk for promotional, educational, or business use. Please contact the Macmillan Corporate and Premium Sales Department at 1-800-221-7945, extension 5442, or by e-mail at MacmillanSpecialMarkets@macmillan.com.

 

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