Southern Storm: Sherman's March to the Sea
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Acknowledgments
The men who marched with Sherman from Atlanta to the sea hailed from some fifteen different states, with the preponderance representing the Midwest. Finding their words about and memories of this operation necessitated visits to nearly every one, with stops at numerous state libraries and historical societies. While my encounters were invariably helpful and professional, I did come away from the experience sobered by witnessing firsthand the difficult limitations under which some were forced to operate. Part of the challenge in undertaking research of this kind is adjusting travel schedules to match with important repositories that operate on limited schedules because of budget restrictions. Then there are limitations of space, parking, or equipment. At one state library (which will not be named) I came upon a useful microfiche collection that was utterly unusable because the machines needed to read the microcards had died and not been replaced. Yet throughout, I was struck by the dedication to their craft shown by the often unsung guardians of America’s historical legacy.
Several went above and beyond the call. For putting up with my numerous requests during a weeklong sojourn, a tip of the hat to the staff at the United States Army Military History Institute in their fancy new digs in Carlisle, Pennsylvania. For kindly helping me with access to material at their respective facilities, I’m grateful to Kimberly Richards of the Chemung Valley Museum and Matthew D. Norman of Knox College. Glen L. Bachelder kindly provided copies of an ancestor’s Civil War diary by making copies from the limited-edition book he had prepared for his family. The Richmond Battlefield National Park’s Robert E. L. Krick dipped into his archive on my behalf to come up with some key letters from Georgia soldiers. A big thanks to Pam Knox, Georgia assistant state climatologist, University of Georgia, who helped me make sense out of the weather observations I had compiled.
Even with the miles that I racked up on my car’s odometer, I needed extra hands in many places. Yet again, Bryce Suderow was my principal researcher in the Washington, D.C., area. He not only located what I asked him to find but also uncovered material not on my search list, which often proved quite helpful. Outside of D.C. I called upon a small squad of researchers to cover places I couldn’t reach, or revisit an archive on my behalf to retrieve something I had missed in my stop there. With fingers crossed that I haven’t forgotten anyone, let me here express my grateful thanks to: David Cleutz, Mary Kathleen Clucas, Carolyn L. Garner-Reagan, Robert I. Girardi, Angie Hogencamp, David Hudson, Evan Jurkovich, Hannah Lee, Brian McGowan, Patrick Pospisek, Alan Rockman, Vincent W. Slaugh, Susan H. Truax, Eric J. Wittenberg, Peter Wyant, and Steve L. Zerbe.
An intense but relatively short-term immersion in a subject always benefits from the counsel of those who have lived with it for many years longer. In that regard, thanks to Roger S. Durham, expert on Fort McAllister, and William Harris Bragg, all-knowing about Griswoldville and pretty smart about the campaign in general. Another able Georgia historian, W. Todd Groce, gave me much to ponder regarding Ebenezer Creek, while Barry Sheehy guided me to many of Savannah’s extant 1864 earthworks. Daniel Brown, superintendent for Fort McAllister Park, shared research and information with me during my visits there.
Finally, thanks to my literary agent, Raphael Sagalyn, who knew when to check in and when not to; and to my editor at HarperCollins, Tim Duggan, supportive and blessed with a keen editor’s eye. HarperCollins editorial assistant Allison Lorentzen helped me bridge my twentieth-century computer knowledge with twenty-first-century devices, and copyeditor Miranda Ottewell helped keep me in line with the Chicago Manual of Style.
As I learned long ago, the “facts” of history aren’t always as hard and fast as we would like them to be. At various points in the narrative I had to choose among conflicting recollections and local lore; and while I always treasured the advice of individuals with knowledge of the subject, ultimately I had to decide among them. For those decisions, the buck stopped here.
Searchable Terms
Note: Entries in this index, carried over verbatim from the print edition of this title, are unlikely to correspond to the pagination of any given e-book reader. However, entries in this index, and other terms, may be easily located by using the search feature of your e-book reader.
Acworth, Ga., 62
Adams, Robert N., 282, 386
African-Americans, aid Sherman’s men, 147, 531–32; Buckhead Creek incident, 327–28, 381–82; Confederate soldier treatment, 185; desire for freedom, 21, 47–48, 117–18, 136, 146–47, 154–55, 172, 176, 272, 304, 505–6, 530–31; Ebenezer/Lockner creeks incident, 372, 380–83; effects of campaign, 519–21; Georgians, 20–22; join Meridian Campaign columns, 47–48; mistreatment, 135, 261, 352; Sherman prejudices, 54, 518–19; transported to Hilton Head, 482–83; Union soldier reactions, 54–5, 117–18, 135, 176, 349, 422; Union soldier treatment, 135, 272, 310, 531–32; vignettes, 124, 145, 153–54, 156, 173, 185, 187, 191, 271, 352, 372, 467–68, 477–78, 482
Aiken, Francis B., 16
Alabama troops (U.S.): cavalry (1st Regiment, 116, 163–64, 218, 316, 38
7)
Alcovy River, 135, 142
Alexander, Ga., 342
Alexander, James, 221
Allatoona Pass, 38
Allen, Julian, 511
Allen, William Wirt, 336
Altamaha River, 449, 463
Ames, Lyman, 333–34
Amick, Myron J., 442; mission to contact fleet, 390–91, 401–2, 410–12
Anderson, Charles, wounded, 211
Anderson, David, 326
Anderson, George W., 376, 409, 417–18; Fort McAllister assault, 422–40
Anderson, Mrs. George W., 505
Anderson, Ruel W., Griwsoldville, 203–5
Andersonville, Ga., 18
Apalachee River, 144
Appel, Charles A., 196
Arcadia plantation, 449
Argyle Island, Union operations, 406–7, 414–16, 419, 453, 467, 469, 471–73, 476, 478–79, 481, 484–85, 488–89, 502–3
Army of Georgia, 48n
Army of Tennessee, 5, 12, 462; reviewed by Davis, 7–8
Army of the Tennessee, 48n, 547
Arndt, Albert F.R., 202, 204–5, 206–7
Arnold, Peter K., 326
Arnold, Richard D., 280, 490, 509; Savannah occupation, 510; Savannah surrender, 496–97
Atkins, Smith D., 159, 288, 336
Atlanta Campaign, 34
Atlanta Medical Collage, 87
Atlanta, Ga., civilians expelled, 35; destruction, 60, 62, 67, 77–8, 85–8, 89; entertainments, 60
Audenreid, Joseph C., 440
Augusta and Savannah Railroad, 533
Augusta Daily Chronicle & Sentinel, 81, 95, 157, 168, 233, 353, 419, 454 Augusta Daily Constitutionalist, 95, 143, 511 Augusta Register, 279
Augusta Road, 355, 380, 383
Augusta, Ga., 9–10, 16, 416; considered a target, 70, 188, 225; defenses, 249–50
Babcock, Orville, 456–7
Baird, Absalom, 126, 292, 307–9, 319–20; Waynesboro, 335–36, 342
Baker, Daniel B., 155–56
Baldwin, Frank D., 110–11
Baldwin, Oliver L., 196
Ball’s Ferry, Ga., 218, 232, 255; November 23 fight, 227–28; November 25 fight, 251–54