James Madison: A Life Reconsidered
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Tinkcom, Margaret Bailey. “Caviar Along the Potomac: Sir Augustus John Foster’s ‘Notes on the United States,’ 1804–1812.” William and Mary Quarterly, 3rd ser., 8, no. 1 (Jan. 1951): 68–107.
Vining, C. Wilfred. “Bilious Attacks and Epilepsy: The Relationship of the Bilious Attack and Certain Other Morbid Phenomena to the Epileptic State.” Lancet 199, no. 5134 (1922): 122–23.
“Williamsburg—the Old Colonial Capitol.” William and Mary Quarterly 16, no. 1 (July 1907): 1–65.
Unpublished Manuscripts
Churchwell, Stephen T. “Epilepsy and Holy Orders in the Canonical Practice of the Western Church.” Ph.D. diss., Catholic University of America, 1982.
Miller, Ann L. “Historic Structure Report: Montpelier, Orange County, Virginia.” 1990. Prepared for James Madison’s Montpelier, a National Trust Historic Site, 2007–2008.
———. “The Madison Family’s Land in the Region of ‘Montpelier.’” Master’s thesis, University of Virginia, 1985.
Reeves, Matthew, and Kevin Fogle. “Excavations at the Madisons’ First Home, Mount Pleasant (1723–1800): Summary of Archaeological Investigations, 1997–2004.” Montpelier Archaeology Department, 2007.
Torres-Reyes, Ricardo. “Historic Resource Study: The William Floyd Estate, Fire Island National Seashore, New York.” Denver Service Center, Historic Preservation Team, June 1974.
Special Collections
Adams Family Papers: An Electronic Archive. Massachusetts Historical Society, Boston. https://www.masshist.org/digitaladams/aea/index.html.
Adams Papers, 1639–1899. Microfilms. Massachusetts Historical Society, Boston.
The Diaries of John Quincy Adams: A Digital Collection. Massachusetts Historical Society, Boston. http://www.masshist.org/jqadiaries.
Baylor Family Papers, 1653–1915. Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia.
John James Beckley Papers, 1773–1807. Transcription. Virginia Historical Society, Richmond.
Breckinridge Family Papers, 1752–1965. Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
Henry Clay Papers. Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
Edward Coles Papers. Manuscripts Division, Department of Rare Books and Special Collections, Princeton University Library.
Coolidge Collection of Thomas Jefferson Manuscripts. Massachusetts Historical Society, Boston.
Ellen Wayles Randolph Coolidge Correspondence. Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia.
Andre De Coppet Collection. Manuscripts Division, Department of Rare Books and Special Collections, Princeton University Library.
Alexander Dick Journal, 1806–1809. Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia.
Griffith Evans Journal, Aug. 30, 1784–Nov. 13, 1785. Huntington Library, San Marino, Calif.
Foreign Affairs, Political Correspondence, Paris–United States. Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
Foreign Copying Project, Great Britain, Foreign Office. Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
Francis Walker Gilmer Correspondence, 1784–1826. Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia.
Burton Norvell Harrison Papers. Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
Charles Jared Ingersoll Papers, 1801–1891. The Historical Society of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.
Thomas Jefferson Papers. Manuscript Division, Library of Congress. http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/collections/jefferson_papers/.
Jefferson Papers: An Electronic Archive. Massachusetts Historical Society, Boston. http://www.masshist.org/thomasjeffersonpapers.
Watkins Kearns Diary. Virginia Historical Society, Richmond.
Lee Family Papers. Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia.
Papers of the Madison Family, 1786–1866. Tracy W. McGregor Library, Special Collections, University of Virginia.
Madison Family Papers. Shane Collection. Presbyterian Historical Society, Philadelphia.
Dolley Madison Papers. Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
James Madison Papers. Manuscript Division, Library of Congress. http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/collections/madison_papers/.
James Madison Sr. Account Book, 1744–1755, Journal of James Madison, 1744–1757. Albert and Shirley Small Special Collections Library, University of Virginia.
Meteorological Journals, 1784–1788, 1789–1793. American Philosophical Society, Philadelphia.
James Monroe Museum and Memorial Library, Fredericksburg, Va.
James Monroe Papers. Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
Wilson Cary Nicholas Papers. Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
[Old] Rappahannock County Deed Books. Microfilm. Library of Virginia, Richmond. http://www.lva.virginia.gov/.
Orange County Deed Books. Microfilm. Library of Virginia, Richmond. http://www.lva.virginia.gov/.
Orange County Will Books. Microfilm. Library of Virginia, Richmond. http://www.lva.virginia.gov/.
Papers of the Continental Congress, 1774–1789. National Archives.
Pennsylvania Abolition Society Collection. The Historical Society of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia.
Timothy Pickering Papers, 1731–1927. Massachusetts Historical Society, Boston.
William Plumer Papers. Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
John Randolph Papers, 1806–1832. Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
William C. Rives Papers. Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
Sedgwick Family Papers, 1717–1946. Massachusetts Historical Society, Boston.
Shippen Family Papers, 1671–1936. Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
Samuel Smith Family Papers. Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
Joseph Story Correspondence, 1807–1943. Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
Colonel Francis Taylor Diary, 1786–1792, 1794–1799. Homer Babbidge Library, University of Connecticut, Storrs.
John Payne Todd Memorandum Book, 1844–1848. Peter Force Collection. Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
Nicholas Trist Papers, 1791–1836. Virginia Historical Society, Richmond.
George Washington Papers. Manuscript Division, Library of Congress. http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/gwhtml/gwhome.html.
John Witherspoon Collection. Manuscripts Division, Department of Rare Books and Special Collections, Princeton University Library.
INDEX
The page numbers in this index refer to the printed version of this book. The link provided will take you to the beginning of that print page. You may need to scroll forward from that location to find the corresponding reference on your e-reader.
Abbadie, Jacques, 32
Adams, Abigail, 217, 260, 267
Adams, Henry, 9, 304, 311, 318, 341, 384, 413
Adams, John, 10, 260, 349, 422
Alien and Sedition Acts, 275–77, 279, 287–88, 297
death of, 443
on Madison’s retirement from Congress, 267
and Madison’s presidency, 8, 392
and military expansion, 272, 273, 278, 287, 288, 392
and peace negotiations with France, 279–80, 286, 287, 288
personal traits of, 98, 183, 192
presidency of, 8, 265, 269–70, 272–80, 287–88, 303
and presidential elections, 183, 187, 236–37, 263–65, 279, 284, 286, 287, 288–89
and slavery, 214–15
and Sons of Liberty, 27
and titles, 192, 236
and vice presidency, 183, 187, 236–37
and War of 1812, 392, 393, 421
and XYZ Affair, 273, 279
Adams, John Quincy, 153, 208, 306, 326, 345, 390, 395, 443, 445
Adams, Thomas, 275
Addison, Joseph, 2
Agricultural Society of Albemarle, 430
Alexander, czar of Russia, 389, 390
Algiers, dey of, 422, 423
Alien and Sedition Acts, 275–77, 388
and Chase, 287–88, 297
expiration of, 297
Kentucky and Virginia resolutions against, 276–77, 279, 437–38
language of, 275
Madison’s opposition to, 275, 283, 285, 347, 381, 446
and nullification, 276–77, 446
and state powers vs. strong central government, 283, 380
supporters of, 285, 380–81
Allen, Ethan, 63
Allgor, Catherine, 9
American Colonization Society (ACS), 433, 441, 452, 455
American Revolution:
battles of, 63, 65–67, 68, 82, 87, 90–91, 92
British pillaging and burning in, 50, 68, 87, 90, 99
Continental army in, see Continental army
early skirmishes in, 46–48, 52, 63
European support for, 67, 68, 88–89, 91, 111, 191, 205
events leading up to, 6, 43–47
ideals of, 96–97, 109, 119, 229, 365
Indian actions in, 52, 66, 68
Loyalist sympathies in, 48–49, 50, 56, 68
militia companies in, 48, 63
prisoners of war in, 68–69
slaves in, 50–51, 52
Treaty of Paris, 91, 97–98, 105, 108, 246
unique accomplishment of, 162
war debts, 76–80, 91, 96, 108, 123, 208–11, 215–16
American Whig Society, 25, 37
Ames, Fisher:
and congressional debate, 189, 197, 199, 209, 215, 216, 260
and Jay Treaty, 260
and Judiciary Act (1802), 303
on Madison’s political skills, 189–90
and national debt, 209, 216
and Sedition Act, 276
Anglican Church, 6, 40, 63–64
Annapolis, and War of 1812, 399, 403
Annapolis Convention, 117–18, 120, 121
Antifederalists, 161, 163, 171–72, 177, 182, 184, 194–95, 198, 199
Aristotle, 17, 31
Armstrong, John:
and Continental army, 95
as minister to France, 339, 365, 387
resignation of, 412
and War of 1812, 392, 394, 399–401, 402–4, 405, 406–7, 411–12
as war secretary, 392, 394, 397, 400, 405, 406–7, 411–12
Arnold, Benedict, 79–80, 81, 85, 86, 87, 90
Articles of Confederation, 7, 101
adoption of, 86, 89
language of, 163, 434
and New Jersey Plan, 133
replacement of, 118, 129, 135, 137, 155
revisions of, 90, 121–22, 126, 128, 133
and state powers vs. strong central government, 89, 90, 92–93, 116
and Virginia Plan, 128–31
assembly, right of, 198, 251–52
Aurora, 255, 256, 264, 274, 275, 289, 368
Bache, Benjamin Franklin, 255, 256, 274, 275
Bache, Richard, 440
Bacon, Ezekiel, 362–63
Bainbridge, William, 300
Baldwin, Abraham, 139, 141
Baldwin, Luther, 276
Balmaine, Rev. Dr., 42
Baltimore, and War of 1812, 380, 399, 401, 412–16, 429
Bank of North America, 101
Bank of the United States, 226, 227, 440
Baptists:
and Madison’s congressional campaign, 185–86
persecution of, 6, 40, 43, 253
resistance to the Constitution, 166, 167–68
Barbary War (1801–1805), 300–301, 383
Barbé-Marbois, François de, 112, 307
Barney, Joshua, 401, 403, 408
Barron, James, 341
Barry, William, 421
Bartram, John, 433
Bartram, William, 140
Battalion Old Fields, 401, 404
Bayard, James, 291–92, 390, 395
Beanes, William, 413
Beasley, Frederick, 433
Beaver, 43
Beckley, John, 224, 236, 237, 264, 284, 289, 303, 335
Bedford, Gunning, Jr., 132, 138, 139
Bennington, Battle of, 224
Benson, Egbert, 165, 191
Bentley, Henrietta and Caleb, 410
Berkeley, George, 342
Biddle, Nicholas, 440
Billey (slave), 76, 94, 225, 271
Bladensburg, Maryland, and War of 1812, 406–8, 413
Blake, James, 426
Bland, Martha Dangerfield, 81
Bland, Theodorick, 81, 83, 85, 86, 88–89, 193, 194, 216, 238
Blennerhassett Island, 337–38
Blondel, James, 37–38
Boerhaave, Herman, 37
Bonaparte, Elizabeth Patterson, 315
Bonaparte, Jérôme, 315
Bonaparte, Napoleon, 285, 323, 397
as emperor, 329
and Floridas, 329, 339, 367
and Louisiana, 301–2, 304, 307, 330
military campaigns of, 262, 278, 332, 360, 395, 396, 420, 422, 435
and Saint Domingue, 304, 307
and war with Britain, 307, 340, 343, 350, 364–65, 366, 370, 376, 379, 389, 395, 420
Booth, Mordecai, 410
Boston:
British driven from, 63
British occupation of, 48, 52
militias in, 46
port closed by British, 44, 45
Boston Gazette, 389
Boston Massacre (1770), 26
Boston Tea Party (1773), 43, 44
Boudinot, Elias, 101, 221
Brackenridge, Hugh, 24, 240, 259–60
Bradford, William, 24, 25, 35, 38, 39, 40, 41, 43, 44, 45, 46, 49, 247
Brant, Irving, 9, 65, 325
Brearley, David, 145–46
Breckinridge, John C., 276, 334
Brissot de Warville, J.-P., 181, 321
British West Indies, 191, 254–55
Brown, David, 276
Buffon, comte de, 104
Bulkley, Joseph, 80
Bunker Hill (Breed’s Hill), Battle of, 48, 49, 63
Burke, Aedanus, 198, 199, 212, 213
Burkitt, William, 36
Burlington, Lord, 286
Burr, Aaron, 223, 236, 248–49, 271
duel with Hamilton, 165, 318, 325
and New York governorship, 317, 318
and vice presidency, 263, 287, 289–92, 316–17
and War of 1812, 393
western conspiracy and trial of, 336–39, 341, 347
Butler, Pierce, 254
Cabell, Samuel J., 275
Cadore, duc de, 365, 366
Caesar, Julius, 78
Calhoun, John C., 372, 373, 396, 419–20, 445
Callender, James, 272, 287–88, 297–98, 308, 326
Camden, Battle of, 79, 82
Cameron, Jim, 273
Campbell, George, 406–7
Canada:
and armistice, 385
British forces in, 398, 414
and New England, 375–76
U.S. border with, 393–94
U.S. invasion of, 373–74, 381–82, 386, 388, 393
Canning, George, 359–60
Carbery, Henry, 405
Carey, Mathew, 383, 415
Carrington, Edward, 154, 184, 232
Carroll, Charles, 409
Carroll, Daniel, 170
Catholicism, 247, 253
Catilina, Lucius Sergius, 292
Charleston, British threat to, 68, 77
Chase, Samuel, 287–88, 297, 325–27, 339
Chesapeake, British forces in, 82, 85, 91, 389, 392, 399–400, 401
Cheves, Langdon, 372, 375
Chew, Joseph, 16
Chew, Thomas, 12–14, 65
Chigi, Cardinal Fabio, 33
Chittenden, Martin, 396
Church of England, 40, 41
Cicero, 21
Cincinnatus, 269
Cincinnatus, Emperor, 179
Civil War, U.S., 458
Clark, George Rogers, 66–67<
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Clark, William, 308
Clarke, Samuel, 32, 433
Clarkson, William, 102–3
Clay, Henry, 388, 433, 447
as Speaker of the House, 371–72, 373, 374–76
and war, 371–72, 377, 378, 395
Clinton, Bill, 146
Clinton, DeWitt, 384
Clinton, George, 185, 223
death of, 377
and elections, 236–37, 317, 344, 348–49, 350, 355
as vice president, 355, 368
Cliosophic Society, 25
Cockburn, George, 390, 403
Coke, Edward, 104
Coleridge, Samuel Taylor, 32
Coles, Catharine, 249
Coles, Edward, 175, 363, 391, 440–41, 449–50
Coles, Isaac, 363, 364
College of New Jersey (Princeton), 22–23
Concord and Lexington, battles of, 47, 48, 49, 63, 342
Congress, U.S.:
and Alien and Sedition Acts, 275, 279
and bill of rights, 8, 185, 188, 194–98, 199
and British provocations, 333, 340, 342–43, 363
and capital city location, 201–2, 203, 217–19
constitutional debates in, 190–91, 196–99
Eleventh Congress, 366–67
enumerated powers of, 143, 155, 163, 183, 220–21, 230, 242, 298, 310, 332, 426, 444
Federalists in, see Federalists
First Congress under the Constitution, 176, 186, 188–90, 192–93, 202, 220–22, 224, 250, 264, 366
and Force Bill, 351–52
Fourteenth Congress, 423, 425–26
Fourth Congress, 254, 265, 279
and immigration, 253, 274
and impeachment, 325–26
and international trade, 191–92, 243, 356, 364, 394, 396
and Jay Treaty, 255, 258–62
and Judiciary Acts, 192, 303
and land speculation, 211, 324
legislative authority of, 258–59, 312, 434, 443
and Library of Congress, 303, 411, 422, 455
and Louisiana Purchase, 305, 310, 311
Madison as member of First Congress, 189–90
Madison’s candidacy for, 184–86
Madison’s retirement from, 252–53, 265–66, 267
members censured in, 368
and military expansion, 246–47, 278, 279, 363–64, 372–73, 374–75, 377, 399, 414, 417
and military preparedness, 386–87
and Mississippi navigation, 259–61
and national bank, 220–22, 227, 423
and national debt, 208–11, 214, 215–19
and Non-importation Act, 334, 335
and Nonintercourse Act, 352, 356, 366
in Philadelphia, 220, 222, 244
and presidential elections, 182–83, 186–87, 265, 287, 290–91, 344, 384
and Report of 1800, 283