The Parthenon Enigma
Page 63
Mycenaean Spring, on Acropolis north slope, 1.1, 1.2
Myron, sculptor
Discobolos, 5.1, 5.2
Erechtheus Battling Eumolpos, 5.1, 8.1
Myronic moment, 5.1, 5.2
mystai, 1.1, 1.2
mythopoetics, 4.1, 7.1
myths, 1.1, 4.1, 5.1
Athenian, prl.1, prl.2, prl.3, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 5.1, 6.1, 7.1, epi.1
Babylonian
creation of
as emerging from local landscapes
epic, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 7.1
flood myths, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, 5.1
genealogical, prl.1, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 5.1, 5.2, 7.1, 8.1
role of
succession myths, prl.1, 1.1, 1.2, 2.1, 2.2, 8.1, epi.1
see also foundation myths
Nagy, Gregory, 4.1, 7.1
naiads (river nymphs), 1.1, 5.1
naiskos, on Parthenon, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 6.1
Nashville, Tenn., Parthenon replica in, prl.1, prl.2, 7.1
National Monument of Scotland
Naupaktos
navy, Athenian, 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, 3.2, 6.1, nts.1
Neleos
Nemea, 6.1, 6.2, 7.1, 7.2
Nemean Games, 6.1, 7.1
neoclassical movement
Neolithic remains on Acropolis and its slopes, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, epi.1, nts.1
caves, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3
wells, 1.1, 1.2
Neoptolemos-Pyrrhos, 6.1, 6.2, 7.1
and death of Polyxena, 5.1, 5.2
as role model for young Athenian warriors
shrine at Delphi, 6.1, 6.2
Neos, see Old Athena Temple
Nero, Parthenon inscription honoring, 6.1, 8.1
Newton, Charles, 8.1, 8.2
Newton, Isaac
Nike (Victory), 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5, 6.6, 6.7, 7.1, 8.1
see also Athena Nike: temple of; Athena Parthenos; Athena Polias Nikephoros; Bronze Athena
Nike akroterion, 3.1, 3.2
niketerion
Nikolaos, Saint, Church of
Noah
Nointel Artist, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 5.1, 5.2
Nonnos
Northwest Spring (Klepsydra), 1.1, 1.2, 3.1
Notre-Dame d’Athènes, prl.1, 5.1, 8.1
nympholepsy
nymphs, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, 2.1, 5.1
river (naiads), 1.1, 5.1
spring, 1.1, 1.2
Nysian Plain
Nyx, 2.1, 8.1, 8.2
Oath of the Plataians, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3
see also Ephebic Oath
oaths, 5.1, 5.2, 8.1
of daughters of Erechtheus, 3.1, 4.1, 5.1, 7.1
oath taking, 3.1, 3.2
Ober, Josiah, 3.1, 3.2
Odeion of Agrippa
Odeion of Herodes Atticus
Odeion of Perikles, 1.1, 1.2, 8.1
Odysseus
Ogyges, 1.1, 1.2
Ogygian deluge, 1.1, 1.2
Ohio State Capitol
oikemata, see poros pediments
oikos (household)
Oinomaos, King, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3
Okeanos, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4
Old Athena Temple (Archaios Neos), 1.1, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5, 2.6, 2.7, 2.8, 2.9, 2.10, 2.11, 2.12, 2.13, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 7.1, 7.2
charioteer frieze on, 2.1, 2.2, 5.1
Gigantomachy pediment of, 2.1, 2.2
opisthodomos of, 2.1, 2.2, 6.1, 6.2, 7.1
placement of, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3
plan of, 2.1, 2.2
relief showing charioteer, from frieze (?) of, 2.1, 2.2, 5.1
7th-century predecessor of
Oldenburg, Henry, 5.1, 5.2
Older Parthenon, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3
Persian destruction of, prl.1, 1.1, 1.2, 2.1, 3.1, 3.2
reuse of materials from, 1.1, 2.1, 2.2, 3.1
Olier, Charles François
oligarchies
ololugmata, ololuzein, 5.1, 7.1, 7.2, nts.1
Olympia, 2.1, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5, 6.6, 6.7, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3
dedication of war booty at
statue of Olympian Zeus
temple of Zeus, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3
east pediment of, 3.1, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 6.1
tomb of Pelops, 6.1, 6.2, 7.1
Olympians, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3
Olympic Games, 2.1, 2.2, 6.1, 6.2, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3
Olympieion (Temple of Olympian Zeus, Athens), 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4
Neolithic site beneath
Olympos, Mount
Opheltes-Archemoros, 6.1, 7.1
Orchomenos, 1.1, 4.1
Oreithyia, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 4.1, 5.1, 7.1
Orestes
Orion
Oropos
ostracism, 2.1, 3.1
Otto, King of Greece
Ottoman Turks, prl.1, 3.1, epi.1
see also Sixth Ottoman-Venetian War
Ouranos, 2.1, 2.2
Ourea
Our Lady of the Holy Spring, Chapel of
owls (ulula, ule), prl.1, 1.1, 6.1, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 7.5, 7.6, 7.7, 7.8, 7.9, 7.10, 7.11, 8.1
on coins, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, nts.1
and death
skyphoi, 7.1, nts.1
paideia (education), 1.1, 3.1, 5.1, 6.1, 6.2, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3
Painted Stoa (Stoa Poikile), Athenian Agora, 3.1, 6.1
Paionios, 3.1, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3
Palaimon
see also Melikertes-Palaimon
Palermo, Italy
Pallas, 1.1, 4.1
Pallas Athena, 1.1, 3.1
Pammerope
Pan, 1.1, 1.2
Cave of, Athenian Acropolis, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 6.1
cult of, 1.1, 1.2
shrine of
Panagia Spiliotissa “Our Lady of the Cave,” 36
Panathenaia, Panathenaic festival, prl.1, 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 6.1, 7.1, 8.1
animal sacrifices at, 2.1, 4.1, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 7.5, 7.6, 7.7
apobates race at, see apobates race
athletic contests in, prl.1, prl.2, 1.1, 2.1, 3.1, 5.1, 5.2, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3
boat races in, 7.1, 7.2
development of
financing of
founding of
Great (quadrennial), 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, 5.1, 6.1, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 8.1
meaning of, 7.1, 7.2
musical contests (musikes agones) and performance at, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4
origins of
pannychis (all-nighter) at, 5.1, 6.1, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3
Parthenon east frieze and, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5
prizes at, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 7.5
procession of, prl.1, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5, 5.6, 6.1, 7.1, 7.2
pyrrichos at
reasons for
recitation and reperformance at
ship cart in procession of
Small (annual), 5.1, 7.1, 7.2
timing of events at, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3
as tribal event, 7.1, 7.2
Panathenaic prize amphorae, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4
Panathenaic Regulation
Panathenaic sanctuaries, as arenas for competitive display
Panathenaic Stadium, at Athens, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3
Panathenaic Way, 1.1, 5.1, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3
Pandion, 1.1, 3.1
Pandora, 4.1, 4.2, 7.1, 7.2
see also Anesidora
Pandrosos, 1.1, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 4.1, 4.2, 5.1, 7.1, 7.2
Paneion, Mount, 1.1, 1.2
Pangaion, Mount
Panhellenism, 3.1, 5.1, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4
pankration, 7.1, 7.2
pannychis (all-nighter)
at Panathenaia, 5.1, 6.1, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3
at Hyakinthia festival, Amyklai
Pantakles
papyrus
paraloi, 2.1, 3.1
Paralos
Parichon, Nicole, 4.1, 4.2
Parker, Robert, “Myths of Early Athens”
Parliament, British
Parnassos, Mount, 1.1, 6.1, 6.2
Parnes, Mount, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5
Parthenon, Periklean, prl.1, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 2.1, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 4.1, 4.2, epi.1, epi.2, epi.3
ancient Athenian experience of, prl.1, epi.1
apse added in Christian iteration of, prl.1, 3.1, epi.1, epi.2
architects of, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3
architrave of, 6.1, 6.2
in Athenian political thought
bell tower on Christian church
building of, prl.1, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4
as celebration of democracy
cella (eastern chamber) of, prl.1, prl.2, 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 5.1, 5.2, 6.1, 6.2, 7.1; see also hekatompedon
as Christian church, prl.1, 3.1, 5.1, 8.1, epi.1, epi.2, epi.3
colonnade of
contemporary understandings of, prl.1, prl.2, epi.1, epi.2
cost of
east façade of, 6.1, 6.2
east pediment of, 1.1, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4
east porch of
explosion of, in 1687, prl.1, 3.1, 5.1, 5.2, epi.1, epi.2
exterior columns of
fires in
footprint of, 3.1, 3.2
frieze of, see Parthenon frieze
hyperdecoration of
as icon of Western art
inauguration in 19th century as monument
inscription to Nero on, 6.1, 8.1
Ionic features of, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, epi.1
lack of straight lines in
marble doors of
meaning of the name
measuring of, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3
metopes of, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 5.1, 5.2, epi.1, epi.2
as mosque, prl.1, 5.1, 8.1, epi.1
naiskos of, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 6.1
opposition to lavish building of, 3.1, 3.2
optical refinements of
orientation change of
pediments of, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 5.1, 5.2
Perikles and, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3
peristyle of, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3
Pheidias as planner and overseer of, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3
photograpy of, history of on Acropolis, epi.1, epi.2, epi.3, epi.4
plan of, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 6.1
polychromy on, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3
as religious space, prl.1, prl.2
replicas of
restoration of, prl.1, prl.2, 2.1, 3.1, 8.1, epi.1, epi.2, epi.3, epi.4
sculptural decoration of, see Parthenon sculptures
serpent imagry of, 2.1, 3.1, 3.2; see also serpents, snakes
technical achievements of
as victory monument, 6.1, 6.2
war booty within
westernmost room (parthenon) of, 3.1, 3.2, 4.1, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4
and Western political ideology, prl.1, prl.2, epi.1
west façade of, 3.1, 5.1
west pediment of, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5, 8.1
west portico of, 5.1
see also Older Parthenon
Parthenon frieze, prl.1, prl.2, prl.3, 3.1, 3.2, 4.1, 5.1, 5.2, 8.1, epi.1, epi.2, epi.3
Athens foundation myth portrayed in
bronze fittings on
chariots on, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5, 5.6, 5.7, 5.8, 5.9, 5.10; see also chariots, charioteers
civic and political content of
east frieze of, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5, 5.6, 5.7, 5.8, 5.9, 7.1, 7.2, epi.1, epi.2
elders (thallophoroi) on, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5, 5.6, 5.7, 6.1
horsemen on, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5, 5.6, 5.7, 5.8, 5.9, 8.1, 8.2
intended viewers of, 5.1, 5.2
meaning of, prl.1, prl.2, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 7.1, epi.1
musicians on, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5, 5.6
north frieze of, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5, 5.6, 5.7, 5.8, 5.9, 5.10, 5.11, 5.12, 5.13, 6.1
northwest corner of
Pheidias and
pigments and gilding on, 5.1, 5.2
sacrifices depicted on, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5, 5.6, 5.7, 5.8, 5.9, 5.10, 5.11, 7.1
sequence and direction of procession on, 5.1, 5.2
south frieze of, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5, 7.1
west frieze of, 5.1, 5.2
Parthenon Restoration Project
Parthenon sculptures, 3.1, 4.1, 5.1, 5.2, epi.1
Pheidias and, 3.1, 4.1, 5.1
travelers’ descriptions of, 5.1, 5.2
see also Elgin Marbles; Parthenon frieze
Parthia
Patroklos, 4.1, 7.1
Paul, Saint
Pausanias, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 2.1, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5, 7.1, 7.2, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3
Description of Greece
Peace of Nikias
Pedersen, Poul, 3.1, 6.1
pedies
pediments, 3.1, 5.1, 5.2
Bluebeard, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 3.1
Parthenon east, 1.1, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 5.1
Parthenon west, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3
of temple of Zeus, Olympia, 3.1, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 6.1
Pedion, 1.1, 1.2
Peirithoös
Peisistratids, sons of Peisistratos, 2.1, 3.1
see also Hipparchos; Hippias
Peisistratos, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 3.1, 7.1
death of
Peitho, 3.1, 5.1
Pelargikon
Pelasgoi
Pellene
Peloponnesian League
Peloponnesian War, 6.1, 7.1, 8.1
Pelops, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 7.1
heroön of
Penelope, 4.1, 5.1
Penrose, F. C.
pentakosiomedimnoi
pentathlon
Pentelic marble, 2.1, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, epi.1
Pentelikon, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 2.1, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 8.1, epi.1, epi.2
peplos, 2.1, 5.1, 6.1, 7.1
meaning of term
presented to Athena, 5.1, 5.2, 7.1
as shroud (entaphion), 5.1, 7.1
as victory mantle (niketerion)
weaving of, 5.1, 7.1
peplos scene, Parthenon east frieze, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5, 5.6
performance, prl.1, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 3.1, 3.2, 4.1, 5.1, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 7.5, epi.1, epi.2
Pergamon, prl.1, 6.1, 8.1, 8.2
Altar of Zeus at, see Pergamon Altar
stoa of Eumenes II at, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3
stoas within precinct of Athena Polias Nikephoros, 8.1
temple of Athena Polias Nikephoros at, prl.1, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4, 8.5, 8.6
theater of Dionysos, 8.1, 8.2
Pergamon Altar, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4
akroterion figures on, 8.1, 8.2
apsidal building beneath
Gigantomachy frieze of, 8.1, 8.2
plan of, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4
Telephos frieze of, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4
Periklean citizenship law, 3.1, 3.2, 5.1, 7.1, 7.2, nts.1, nts.2
Perikles, prl.1, prl.2, 1.1, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 3.7, 3.8, 4.1, 4.2, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 6.1, 7.1, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3
building program of, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4
first public act of
Funeral Oration of (431 B.C.), 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 6.1, 7.1, 8.1
music hall (odeion) of, 1.1, 1.2, 7.1, 8.1
oratory of
and Panathenaia
Samian War eulogy of
trial of
Perikles the Younger
periodos, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3
Peripatetics
Peripatos, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5
Persephone, 5.1, 5.2, 8.1
Persians, 1.1, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3
Persian Wars, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3
siege and destruction of Acropolis in, prl.1, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 2.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 6.1
Phaidros, 1.1
, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5
Phainias
Phaleron, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 2.1, 7.1
Phanodemos
Pheidias, 2.1, 3.1, 3.2, 6.1, 7.1, 8.1
Athena Parthenos statue of, see Athena Parthenos
Bronze Athena of, 3.1, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3
Marathon monument at Delphi
as Parthenon planner and overseer, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3
and Parthenon sculptures, 3.1, 4.1, 5.1
and self-portrait on shield of Athena Parthenos
statue of Zeus at Olympia by
Philadelphia Museum of Art
Philetairos, 8.1, 8.2
Philip II, King of Macedon, 3.1, 4.1, 8.1
Philip V, King of Macedon
Philaidai, 2.1, 3.1
Philochoros, 7.1, 7.2
Philomela
Photios
Phye
piety
Pindar
Piraeus, 1.1, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3
Pizzicolli, Cyriaco de’ (Cyriacos of Ancona), 5.1, 5.2, epi.1
plague, at Athens, prl.1, 1.1, 3.1, 4.1, 6.1, 6.2, 8.1, nts.1
Plataia, Battle of, 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, 3.2, 5.1, 6.1
Plato, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, 3.1, 4.1, 5.1, 5.2, 7.1, 8.1, 8.2, epi.1
Euthydemos
Kritias, 1.1, 1.2
Laws
Lysis
Menexenus, 1.1, 4.1
Phaidros, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 3.1
Republic
Timaeus
Plenderleith, H. J., 8.1, 8.2
Pliny, 7.1, 7.2
Plutarch, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 4.1, 6.1, 6.2, 7.1, 7.2
Life of … Perikles, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6; Kimon, nts.1, nts.2, nts.3; Sulla, nts.4, nts.5; Demosthenes, 1.1; Nikias, 6.1; Themistokles, 4.1, 7.1; Theseus, 2.1; Lykourgos, 3.7
Periklean building program described by, 3.1, 3.2
Plynteria, 7.1, 7.2
Pnyx, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 3.1
Pococke, Edward
Podarkes (horse)
polemarch, magistrate of war
politeia, prl.1, 3.1, 7.1, 7.2
polychromy, 2.1, 3.1, 5.1, 8.1
Polydeukes, 1.1, 5.1, 5.2
Polykrates
Polyxena, 5.1, 5.2, 6.1
Pompeion
Pontos
Porch of the Maidens, Erechtheion, 2.1, 4.1, 7.1, 7.2, 8.1
see also Erechtheion; karyatid(s)
poros pediments, 2.1, 5.1
Portait of a Priestess (Connelly)
Poseidon, 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 2.1, 2.2, 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 3.7, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5, 5.6, 5.7, 5.8, 5.9, 8.1, 8.2
see also Athena: contest of Poseidon and
spring nymphs and, 1.1, 2.1
Poseidon-Erechtheus, 2.1, 4.1, 5.1, 5.2, 6.1, 8.1
sacrifices to
Poseidon Helikonios
Poseidon Hippios
Poseidonia (Paestum), Italy
potamonymy
potters (keramei)
pottery
Praxiteles
Praxithea, 1.1, 1.2, 3.1, 3.2, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 4.6, 4.7, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.5, 6.1, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 8.1, 8.2