Anatomies: A Cultural History of the Human Body
Page 35
ribs 55, 58–9
Richardson, Ruth 72, 78
right/left-handedness 197–200
right–left asymmetry 197–202
Rimbaud, Arthur 176
robots 249–50, 251
Roe, John Orlando 90–91
Roggman, Lori 100
Roman numerals 194
Röntgen, Anna 49
Röntgen, Wilhelm 49
Royal College of Surgeons 21, 62, 77, 109
rubber-hand illusion 173
Rubens, Peter Paul 45
Rusalka 94
Ruskin, John 179, 231
Rysbrack, Jan 114
Sacred Heart 132
sacrum 53
Sagan, Carl 205, 206, 207
Saint-Saëns, Camille: Danse Macabre 51
Saint-Simon, Henri de 23
Salzman, Linda 205
Samson 94
Sarum Primer 130
Schama, Simon 188
Scharfe, Henrik 250
Schupbach, William 187
Scientific American 205
self-flagellation 239
self-identity see identity
Sellars, Nina 47
SENS (Strategies for Engineered Negligible Senescence) 256–7, 258
senses
hearing 157–8, 169
overlapping of 172–7
sight 167–9, 172–4
smell 169, 172, 174–5, 183
synaesthesia 175–7
taste 169, 172, 173, 174–5, 183–4
touch 169, 173–4, 176–7
sex 204–14
bisexuals 212
chromosomes 209–10
and cultural self-definition 212–13
embryonic development 210
‘G spot’ 82
homosexuals 145, 212
hormones see hormones
intersexuality 210–11
and nudity 203–7 see also nudity
organs xxii, 80, 81–2, 200, 203–7, 210, 212–13, 253–5
psychological view of 211
sex-change operations/gender reassignment 207–9, 214
sexual identity 208–14
sexual spectrum 211–12
see also gender
Sforza, Francesco 21
Shakespeare, William 39, 40, 41, 42–4, 93
Hamlet 40–41, 42
Henry IV, Part I 43
King Lear 6, 40, 41
Macbeth 41, 43
The Merchant of Venice 38–9, 40
The Merry Wives of Windsor 41, 44
Richard II 146
Romeo and Juliet 144
Twelfth Night 144
shapes of organs 131–6
Sharp, Lesley 137–8
Shelley, Mary: Frankenstein 71, 243, 250
Shelley, Percy Bysshe: ‘Ozymandias’ 224
Shelton, Don 76, 77
Shepherd, John 104
Shorter, Edward: A History of Women’s Bodies 144
Shrek films 244
Shuar people, upper Amazon 85–6
Sibelius, Jean 175
sight 167–9, 172–4
Simblet, Sarah 9–11, 14
skeleton 7, 9, 10, 42, 49–62, 66–7, 81
skin 41, 86, 110, 164, 226–39
bare see nudity
blushing 228–9, 233
branding 237
diseases 234
and race 237
tattooing 237–9
tone 226–7
skull 51, 54
phrenology 116–18, 119
Raphael’s 116–17
smell, sense of 169, 172, 174–5, 183
Smith, Horace 224
Snell, Hannah 214
Sondheim, Stephen: Sweeney Todd 244
soul xxiv, 20, 21, 37, 69, 71, 108, 234, 264
body as prison of the soul 264
and brain/pineal gland 119, 168–9
and eyes 170
and head 84, 85, 86
sound frequency recognition 157–8
Spears, Britney 94
Spence, Charles 172–3, 175, 176
Spenser, Edmund: The Faerie Queene 22
sperm 210, 259
Spinoza, Baruch 20
spirit 69
sport 198–9, 220, 223
Spurzheim, Johann Kaspar 116
stapes 54
Stark, William 117
Stelarc 47, 164
stem cells 48
Sterne, Laurence: Tristram Shandy 89, 91
stomach 178–86, 200
Stösslová, Kamila 261
Strategies for Engineered Negligible Senescence (SENS) 256–7, 258
striptease 207, 230–31
Sweet, Matthew: Inventing the Victorians 231
Swift, Jonathan: Gulliver’s Travels 29, 260
Sylvia, Claire 138
symmetry 12
and asymmetry 100, 197–8, 200–202, 238
and beauty 24, 100, 102
synaesthesia 175–7
synthetic biology 263
taboos
blood 40, 47, 142, 144
foot 219
Tallis, Raymond 191, 195
Tarantino, Quentin: Reservoir Dogs 157
taste, sense of 169, 172, 173, 174–5, 181, 183–4
tattooing 237–9
Technology Review 258–9
teeth 76
tendons 10, 188–9
Achilles tendon 58
in art and drawings 3, 5, 66, 188, 189
testicles 80, 200
transplants 253–5
testosterone 197, 210, 211–12
Thatcher illusion 233
thigh bone 54
Thomas, Sonya 186
Thompson, D’Arcy: On Growth and Form 134
Thompson, Peter 233
Thomson, Arthur: Handbook of Anatomy for Art Students 231
Thoreau, Henry David 128
quotation 127
thumbs 28, 91, 192, 194, 195–6
thumb sucking in the womb 197
Tiffin, Helen 181
tissue
grafted 163, 164
muscle 12, 59, 62, 182
‘printing’ of 139–40
xenotransplantation 239, 251, 252–5
Tissue Culture & Art 164
Totentanz 51
touch 169, 173–4, 176–7
transhumanism 256, 264
transplants
face 109–11
heart 137, 252–3
kidney 136–7
organ 136–9, 251, 252–5
testicle 253–5
xenotransplantation 239, 251, 252–5
transsexuals 207–9
transubstantiation 143
Trent, Council of 203
trichophobia 94–5
tsantsas 85–6
Tulp, Nicolaes 1, 7–8, 11
Rembrandt’s painting of 1, 2–3, 187–8, 188, 189–90
Turner, Bryan 20
ulna 59
Uncanny Valley 249–50
units of measure 28–9
ureters xvi
uterus 12, 70, 75, 81, 143, 209
V sign 194
Vacanti, Charles 163
vagina 208, 213
artistic omission of 205, 206–7
van Dyck, Antoon, later Sir Anthony 158–9
van Eyck, Jan: Madonna with Canon van der Paele 154, 162
van Gogh, Vincent Willem 161, 162
Self-Portrait with a Bandaged Ear 161
Vasari, Giorgio 22
veins 21, 69, 71, 73, 129, 142, 166, 195
Vermeer, Johannes: Girl with a Pearl Earring 1, 153
Vesalius, Andreas 14, 65–70, 81
De Humani Corporis Fabrica 4–5, 41, 65–8, 69–70
portrait 64–5, 66
Victoria, Queen 79
Vishnu 216
Visible Human Project 34–7
vision 167–9, 172–4
visual cortex 119
vitreous humour 169–70
Vitruvius 24–6, 28
vivisection 71–2, 73
Voltaire, head 118
Voronoff, Serge 253–5, 256
vulva xxii
Wagner, Richard 175, 176
Walbiri people, central Australia 144
Waldby, Catherine 37
walking 57–8, 218
Walpole, Horace, 4th Earl of Orford 155, 214
War of Jenkins’ Ear 159–60
Warner, Marina 23, 213
warts 154–5
Washington, George 150–51
Washington, Martha 150
Webb, Steve 218
Wellington Monument, London 203–4
Wells, Samuel 90
werewolves 252
Wesel, Andries van see Vesalius, Andreas
Westmacott, Richard 204
White, Crawford 167
Wildegans, Rita 161
Willemot, Jacques 153
William the Conqueror 44–5
Williams, Bernard 261
Wilson, Glenn 197
Wilson, James 75
Witelson, Sandra 113–14
Wittgenstein, Ludwig 37, 199
Wolff, Charlotte 198
Wolpert, Lewis 201, 259
Wood, Gary 121, 122–3
Woolner, Thomas 228–9
X-rays 49–50, 50, 52–3, 118
X, Duncan 238
xenotransplantation 239, 251, 252–5
yellow bile 151
Young, Louisa: The Book of the Heart 127, 131
Zamość 21, 22
Zeus 55
Zuk, Patricia 48
Zurr, Ionat 164
More Praise for
ANATOMIES
“Surprising and enlightening. . . . Open to any page, and you are immediately drawn in.”
—Laurence A. Marschall, Natural History
“A magnificent exploration of the myths and mysteries of human anatomy. . . . [Aldersey-Williams] writes like a latter-day Montaigne.”
—Thomas Wright, Telegraph (UK)
“A fresh and fascinating treatise on the human body. . . . Whether Aldersey-Williams is writing about phrenology, tattooing, organ donations, genes, X-rays, or liposuction, he keeps us alert to the mysteries, quirks, and miracles of the flesh.”
—Frederic and Mary Ann Brussat, Spirituality and Practice
“Splendid, highly entertaining, chock-full of insights. . . . It inserts fascinating scientific snippets and anecdotes about our organs into the wider history of our changing understanding of our bodies.”
—James McConnachie, Sunday Times (UK)
“Enlightening and thoroughly engaging. . . . From the dissection laboratory to a live-model drawing class, Aldersey-Williams illuminates the contours of the human body from head to toe.”
—Publishers Weekly
“Aldersey-Williams moves from the lore of the body, skin and bones . . . to major areas like the stomach, brain, blood, head, face and sense organs, providing a rich repertoire of folklore, humor, literary and art references for each. . . . Lovely, lively.”
—Kirkus Reviews
“Engaging. . . . An elegant cultural history of the human anatomy. . . . Provocative.”
—Library Journal
“This book is crammed with curiosities. . . . Enjoyable and unpredictable.”
—Booklist
By the same author
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Panicology (with Simon Briscoe)
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Findings
The Most Beautiful Molecule
World Design
New American Design
Copyright
Copyright © 2013 by Hugh Aldersey-Williams
First American Edition 2013
First published in Great Britain in 2013 by Viking, an imprint of Penguin Books,
under the title Anatomies: The Human Body, Its Parts and the Stories They Tell
All rights reserved
First published as a Norton paperback 2014
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Permissions, W. W. Norton & Company, Inc., 500 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10110
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The Library of Congress has cataloged the printed edition as follows:
Aldersey-Williams, Hugh.
Anatomies : a cultural history of the human body /
Hugh Aldersey-Williams. — First American edition.
pages cm
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-0-393-23988-1 (hardcover)
1. Human body—Popular works. 2. Human physiology—Popular works.
3. Human anatomy—Popular works. I. Title.
QP 38.A 36 2013
612–dc23
2013002982
ISBN 978-0-393-24047-4 (e-book)
ISBN 978-0-393-34884-2 pbk.
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