In Amazonia

by Raffles, Hugh

  Murra, John V. The Economic Organization of the Inca State. Greenwich, Conn.: JAI Press, 1979.

  Myers, Leopold H. The Clio. London: Robin Clark, 1990.

  Naipaul, V. S. A Way in the World. New York: Knopf, 1994.

  Nepstad, Daniel C., Claudio R. de Carvalho, Eric A. Davidson, Peter H. Jipp, Paul A. Lefebvre, Gustavo H. Negreiros, Elson D. da Silva, Thomas A. Stone, Susan E. Trumbore, and Simone Vieira. “The Role of Deep Roots in the Hydrological and Carbon Cycles of Amazonian Forests and Pastures.” Nature 372, no. 6507 (1994): 666–69.

  Nepstad, Daniel C., Christopher Uhl, and E.A.S. Serrão. “Recuperation of a Degraded Amazonian Landscape: Forest Recovery and Agricultural Restoration.” Ambio 20, no. 6 (1991): 248–55.

  Neumann, Roderick P. Imposing Wilderness: Struggles over Livelihood and Nature Preservation in Africa. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1998.

  Nicholl, Charles. The Creature in the Map: A Journey to El Dorado. New York: Morrow, 1995.

  Nicolson, Malcolm. “Alexander von Humboldt and the Geography of Vegetation.” In Romanticism and the Sciences, ed. Andrew Cunningham and Nicholas Jardine, 169–85. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990.

  Nimuendajú, Curt. “Os Tapajo.” Boletim do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi 10 (1949): 93–106.

  Nordenskiöld, Erland. “Die anpassung der Indianer an die verhältnisse in den überschwemmungsgebieten in Südamerika.” Ymer 36, no. 2 (1916): 138–55.

  Nugent, Stephen. “Amazonia: Ecosystem and Social System.” Man N.S. 16 (1981): 62–74.

  ———. “The Limitations of ‘Environmental Management’: Forest Utilization in the Lower Amazon.” In Environment and Development in Latin America: The Politics of Sustainability, ed. David Goodman and Michael Redclift, 141–54. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1991.

  ———. Amazonian Caboclo Society: An Essay in Invisibility. Oxford: Berg, 1996.

  ———. “The Coordinates of Identity in Amazonia: At Play in the Fields of Culture.” Critique of Anthropology 17, no. 1 (1997): 33–51.

  O’Hara, James E. “Henry Walter Bates—His Life and Contributions to Biology.” Archives of Natural History 22 (1995): 195–219.

  Ojer, Pablo, S.J. La formación del Oriente Venezolano: I. Creación de las gobernaciones. Caracas: Universidade Católica Andres Bello, 1966.

  Oliver, Chadwick D., and Bruce C. Larson. Forest Stand Dynamics. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1990.

  Ono, Morio, and Nobue Miyazaki. “O aviamento na Amazônia: Estudo sócio-econômico sôbre a produção de juta.” Sociologia 20, nos. 3–4 (1958): 366–96, 530–63.

  Pacheco de Oliveira Filho, João. “O caboclo e o brabo: Notas sobre duas modalidades de força-de-trabalho na expansão da fronteira Amazônica no século XIX.” Encontros com a civilização Brasileira 11 (1979): 101–40.

  Paden, William D. “Arthur O’Shaughnessy in the British Museum; Or, The Case of the Misplaced Fusees and the Reluctant Zoologist.” Victorian Studies 8 (1964): 7–30.

  Padoch, Christine. “Aguaje (Mauritia flexuosa L.f.) in the economy of Iquitos, Peru.” In The Palm—Tree of Life: Biology, Utilization and Conservation, ed. Michael J. Balick, 214–24. New York: New York Botanical Garden, 1988.

  Padoch, Christine, and Miguel Pinedo-Vásquez. “Farming Above the Flood in the Várzea of Amapá.” In Várzea: Diversity, Development, and Conservation of Amazonia’s Whitewater Floodplains, ed. Christine Padoch, J. Márcio Ayres, Miguel Pinedo-Vásquez, and Anthony Henderson, 345–54. New York: New York Botanical Garden, 1999.

  Paes Loureiro, João de Jesus. Cultura Amazônica: Um poética do imaginário. Belém: CEJUP, 1995.

  Pagden, Anthony. The Fall of Natural Man: The American Indian and the Origins of Comparative Ethnology. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1982.

  ———. “‘The Impact of the New World on the Old’: The History of an Idea.” Renaissance and Modern Studies 30 (1986): 1–11.

  ———. “Introduction.” In Bartolomé de Las Casas, A Short Account of the Destruction of the Indies. Ed. and trans. Nigel Griffin, xiii–li. Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1992.

  ———. European Encounters with the New World: From Renaissance to Romanticism. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1993.

  Palladino, Paolo, and Michael Worboys. “Science and Imperialism.” Isis 84 (1993): 91–102.

  Palmatary, Helen C. “The Pottery of Marajó Island, Brazil.” Transactions of the American Philosophical Society N.S. 39, no. 3 (1949): 260–470.

  Palmer, John R. “Forestry in Brazil—Amazonia.” Commonwealth Forestry Review 56, no. 2 (1977): 115–30.

  Parry, Benita. “Review: In Theory: Classes, Nations, Literatures by Aijaz Ahmad.” In History Workshop Journal 36 (1993): 232–42.

  Parsons, James J., and William M. Denevan. “Pre-Columbian Ridged Fields.” Scientific American 217, no. 1 (1967): 93–100.

  Payson, William Farquhar, ed. Mahogany Antique and Modern: A Study of Its History and Use in the Decorative Arts. New York: E. P. Dutton, 1926.

  Peluso, Nancy Lee. Rich Forests, Poor People: Resource Control and Resistance in Java. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1992.

  Pereira, Valeria F. G. Spatial and Temporal Analysis of Floodplain Ecosystems—Amapá, Brazil—Using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Remote Sensing. Unpbd. M.Sc. thesis, Department of Natural Resources, University of New Hampshire, 1998.

  Picard, Jacky. “O clientalismo nas colônias agrícolas do sudeste do Pará.” In Amazônia e a crise da modernização, org. Maria Angela D’Ínção and Isolda Maciel da Silveira, 279–99. Belém: Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, 1994.

  Pigg, Stacy Leigh. “Constructing Social Categories Through Place: Social Representations and Development in Nepal.” Comparative Studies in Society and History 34, no. 3 (1992): 491–513.

  Pile, Steve, and Michael Keith, eds. Geographies of Resistance. London: Routledge, 1997.

  Pinheiro, Luís Balkar. “Do Mocambeiro a Cabano: Notas sobre a presença negra na Amazônia na primeira metade do século XIX.” Terra das águas 1 (1999): 148–72.

  Piot, Charles. Remotely Global: Village Modernity in West Africa. Durham: Duke University Press, 1999.

  Pires, João Murça, and Ghillean T. Prance. “The Vegetation Types of the Brazilian Amazon.” In Key Environments: Amazonia, ed. Ghillean T. Prance and Thomas E. Lovejoy, 109–45. London: Pergamon, 1985.

  Pollak, Harrison, Marli Mattos, and Christopher Uhl. “A Profile of Palm Heart Extraction in the Amazon Estuary.” Human Ecology 23, no. 3 (1995): 357–85.

  Pomian, Krzysztof. Collectors and Curiosities: Paris and Venice, 1500–1800. Cambridge: Polity, 1990.

  Poovey, Mary. A History of the Modern Fact: Problems of Knowledge in the Sciences of Wealth and Society. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1998.

  Porro, Antonio. O povo das águas: Ensaios de etno-história Amazônica. São Paulo: Vozes, 1996.

  Portelli, Alessandro. The Death of Luigi Trastulli and Other Stories: Form and Meaning in Oral History. New York: SUNY Press, 1991.

  Porter, Roy. “The Terraqueous Globe.” In The Ferment of Knowledge: Studies in the Historiography of Eighteenth-Century Science, ed. George S. Rousseau and Roy Porter, 285–324. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1980.

  Posey, Darrell A. “Indigenous Management of Tropical Forest Ecosystems: The Case of the Kayapó Indians of the Brazilian Amazon.” Agroforestry Systems 3 (1985): 139–58.

  Povinelli, Elizabeth A. “Notes on Gridlock: Genealogy, Intimacy, Sexuality.” In Public Culture, forthcoming.

  Prance, Ghillean. “Notes on the Typology of Amazonia III. The Terminology of Amazonian Forest Types Subject to Inundation.” Brittonia 31, no. 1 (1979): 26–38.

  Pratt, Mary Louise. Imperial Eyes: Travel Literature and Transculturation. New York: Routledge, 1992.

  Quinn, David B. Raleigh and the British Empire. London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1947.

  ———. Explorers and Colonies: America, 1500–1625. London: The Hambledon Press, 1990.


  Rabb, Theodore K. Enterprise and Empire: Merchant and Gentry Investment in the Expansion of England, 1575–1630. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1967.

  Raby, Peter. Bright Paradise: Victorian Scientific Travellers. London: Pimlico Press, 1996.

  Raffles, Hugh. “Exploring the Anthropogenic Amazon: Estuarine Landscape Transformations in Amapá, Brazil.” In Várzea: Diversity, Development, and Conservation of Amazonia’s Whitewater Floodplains, ed. Christine Padoch, J. Márcio Ayres, Miguel Pinedo-Vásquez, and Anthony Henderson, 355–70. New York: New York Botanical Garden, 1999.

  ———. “Local Theory: Nature and the Making of an Amazonian Place.” Cultural Anthropology 14, no. 3 (1999): 323–60.

  Raffles, Hugh, and Antoinette M.A.G. WinklerPrins. “Anthropogenic Fluvial Landscape Transformation in the Amazon Basin,” manuscript.

  Ralegh, Sir Walter. “The Apology.” In Last Voyages—Cavendish, Hudson, Ralegh: The Original Narratives, ed. Philip Edwards, 226–48. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1988.

  ———. The Discoverie of the Large, Rich, and Bewtiful Empire of Guiana, with a Relation of the Great and Golden City of Manoa (which the Spaniards call El Dorado) And the provinces of Emeria, Arromaia, Amapaia and other Countries, with their rivers, adioyning. Performed in the Year 1595 by Sir W. Ralegh, Knight, Captaine of her Maiesties Guard, Lo. Warden of the Stanneries, and her Highnesse Lieutenant generall of the Countie of Cornewall. Ed. Robert H. Schomburgk. Hakluyt Society First Series No. 3. London: Hakluyt Society, 1848.

  ———. The Discoverie of the Large and Bewtiful Empire of Guiana. Ed. Vincent T. Harlow. London: The Argonaut Press, 1928.

  ———. The Discoverie of the Large, Rich and Bewtiful Empyre of Guiana. Ed. Neil L. Whitehead. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1997.

  Ramos, Alcida Rita. “The Indigenous Movement in Brazil: A Quarter Century of Ups and Downs.” Cultural Survival Quarterly 21, no. 2 (1997): 50–53.

  Reanier, Richard E., William P. Barse, Anna C. Roosevelt, Marconales Lima de Costa, Linda J. Brown, John E. Douglas, Matthew O’Donnell, Ellen Quinn, Judy Kemp, Christiane Lopes Machado, Maura Imazio da Silveira, James Feathers, and Andrew Henderson. “Dating a Paleoindian Site in the Amazon in Comparison with Clovis Culture.” Science 275 (1997): 1948–52.

  Record, Samuel J., and Robert W. Hess. Timbers of the New World. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1943.

  Reeds, Karen. “Renaissance Humanism and Botany.” In Annals of Science 33 (1976): 519–42.

  Reis, Arthur Cézar Ferreira. Limites e demarcações na Amazônia Brasileira. 2 vols. Rio de Janeiro: Imprensa Nacional, 1947.

  ———. O seringal e o seringueiro. Documentário da vida rural, no. 5. Rio de Janeiro: Ministério da Agricultura, 1953.

  Rendle, B. J. Commerical Mahoganies and Allied Timbers, Forest Products Research Bulletin No. 18. Department of Scientific and Industrial Research. London: HMSO, 1938.

  Resende, Padre Ricardo. Posseiros e padres do Araguaia: A justiça do lobo. Pétropolis, RJ: Vozes, 1986.

  Reynolds, Michael J. “When Good Intentions Go Up in Smoke: Environmental Politics in the Brazilian Amazon.” Paper presented at the Annual Meetings of the Society for the Study of Social Problems, Chicago, August 5, 2000.

  Richards, Paul W. The Tropical Forest: An Ecological Study. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1952.

  Ritvo, Harriet. The Animal Estate: The English and Other Creatures in the Victorian Age. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1987.

  ———. “At the Edge of the Garden: Nature and Domestication in Eighteenth- and Nineteenth-Century Britain.” Huntington Library Quarterly 55, no. 3 (1992): 363–78.

  ———. The Platypus and the Mermaid and Other Figments of the Classifying Imagination. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1998.

  Rival, Laura. “Domestication as a Historical and Symbolic Process: Wild Gardens and Cultivated Forests in the Ecuadorian Amazon.” In Advances in Historical Ecology, ed. William Balée, 232–50. New York: Columbia University Press, 1998.

  Rodrigues, Roberto M. A fauna da Amazônia. Belém: CEJUP, 1992.

  Roosevelt, Anna C. Parmana: Prehistoric Maize and Manioc Subsistence Along the Amazon and Orinoco. New York: Academic Press, 1980.

  ———. “Chiefdoms in the Amazon and Orinoco.” In Chiefdoms in the Americas, ed. Robert D. Drennan and Carlos A. Uribe, 153–84. Lanham, Md.: University Press of America, 1987.

  ———. “Lost Civilizations of the Lower Amazon.” Natural History 95, no. 2 (1989): 74–83.

  ———. “Natural Resource Management in Amazonia Before the Conquest: Beyond Ethnographic Projection.” In Resource Management in Amazonia: Indigenous and Folk Strategies, ed. Darrell A. Posey and William Balée, 30–62. New York: New York Botanical Garden, 1989.

  ———. Moundbuilders of the Amazon: Geophysical Archaeology on Marajó Island, Brazil. New York: Academic Press, 1991.

  ———. “The Rise and Fall of the Amazon Chiefdoms.” L’Homme 33, nos. 2–4 (1993): 255–83.

  ———. “Ancient and Modern Hunter-Gatherers of Lowland South America.” In Advances in Historical Ecology, ed. William Balée, 190–212. New York: Columbia University Press, 1998.

  Roosevelt, Anna C., R. A. Housley, M. Imazio da Silveira, S. Maranca, and R. Johnson. “Eighth Millennium Pottery from a Prehistoric Shell Midden in the Brazilian Amazon.” Science 254 (1991): 1621–24.

  Roosevelt, Anna C., M. Lima da Costa, C. Lopes Machado, M. Michab, N. Mercier, H. Valladas, J. Feathers, W. Barnett, M. Imazio da Silveira, A. Henderson, J. Sliva, B. Chernoff, D. S. Reese, J. A. Holma, N. Toth, and K. Schick. “Paleoindian Cave Dwellers in the Amazon: The Peopling of the Americas.” Science 272 (1996): 373–84.

  Rose, Nikolas. Powers of Freedom: Reframing Political Thought. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999.

  Rostow, Walter W. The Stages of Economic Growth: A Non-Communist Manifesto. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1971.

  Rowse, Alfred Leslie. Sir Walter Ralegh, His Family and Private Life. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1962.

  Ryan, Michael T. “Assimilating New Worlds in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries.” Comparative Studies in Society and History 23 (1981): 519–38.

  Sader, Emil, and Ken Silverstein. Without Fear of Being Happy: Lula, the Workers Party and Brazil. London: Verso, 1991.

  Salgado, Sebastião. Terra: Struggle of the Landless. London: Phaidon, 1997.

  Sanchez, P. A., D. E. Bandy, J. H. Villachica, and J. J. Nicholaides. “Amazon Basin Soils: Management for Continuous Crop Production.” Science 216 (1982): 821–27.

  Sanchez, P. A., and J. R. Benites. “Low-Input Cropping for Acid Soils of the Humid Tropics.” Science 238 (1987): 1521–27.

  Sangwan, Satpal. “The Strength of a Scientific Culture: Interpreting Disorder in Colonial Science.” The Indian Economic and Social History Review 34 (1997): 217–50.

  Santos, Roberto. História econômica da Amazônia (1800–1920). São Paulo: T. A. Queiroz, 1980.

  Schmink, Marianne, and Charles H. Wood. Contested Frontiers in Amazonia. New York: Columbia University Press, 1992.

  Schmink, Marianne, and Charles H. Wood, eds. Frontier Expansion in Amazonia. Gainesville: University of Florida Press, 1984.

  Scoones, Ian. “New Ecology and the Social Sciences: What Prospects for a Fruitful Engagement?” Annual Review of Anthropology 28 (1999): 479–507.

  Scott, James C. Seeing Like a State: How Certain Schemes to Improve the Human Condition Have Failed. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1998.

  Scott, Joan W. “The Evidence of Experience.” Critical Inquiry 17, no. 4 (1991): 773–97.

  Scott, William R. The Constitution and Finance of English, Scottish and Irish Joint-Stock Companies to 1720. 3 vols. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1910–12.

  Seaward, Mark R. D., and Sylvia M. D. FitzGerald, eds. Richard Spruce (1817–1893): Botanist and Explorer. London: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, 1996.

  Sebald, W.
G. Austerlitz. New York: Random House, 2001.

  Secord, Anne. “Science in the Pub: Artisan Botanists in Early Nineteenth-Century Lancashire.” History of Science 32, no. 3 (1994): 269–315.

  Seed, John. “Theologies of Power: Unitarianism and the Social Relations of Religious Discourse, 1800–50.” In Class, Power and Social Structure in British Nineteenth-Century Towns, ed. Robert J. Morris, 107–56. Leicester: Leicester University Press, 1986.

  Seed, Patricia. “Taking Possession and Reading Texts: Establishing the Authority of Overseas Empires.” The William and Mary Quarterly 49, no. 2 (1992): 183–209.

  Shapin, Stephen, and Simon Shaffer. Leviathan and the Air-Pump: Hobbes, Boyle, and the Experimental Life. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1989.

  Sherman, William H. John Dee: The Politics of Reading and Writing in the English Renaissance. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 1995.

  Shirley, John W. “Sir Walter Raleigh’s Guiana Finances.” Huntington Library Quarterly 13 (1949): 55–69.

  ———. “The Scientific Experiments of Sir Walter Ralegh, the Wizard Earl, and the Three Magi in the Tower 1603–1617.” Ambix 4, nos. 1–2 (1949): 52–66.

  Silverberg, Robert. The Golden Dream: Seekers of El Dorado. Athens: University of Ohio Press, 1996.

  Simón, Pedro. The Expedition of Pedro de Ursua and Lope de Aguirre in Search of El Dorado and Omagua in 1560–1. Trans. William Bollaert. Works issued by the Hakluyt Society, No. 28. London: Hakluyt Society, 1861.

  Singapore Journal of Tropical Geography 21, no. 1 (2000). “Special Issue: Constructing the Tropics,” ed. Felix Driver and Brenda S. A. Yeoh.

  Sioli, Harald. “Tropical Rivers as Expressions of Their Terrestrial Environments.” In Tropical Ecological Systems: Trends in Terrestrial and Aquatic Research, ed. Frank B. Golley and Ernesto Medina, 275–88. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1975.

  ———. “The Amazon and Its Main Affluents: Hydrography, Morphology of the River Courses, and River Types.” In The Amazon: Limnology and Landscape Ecology of a Mighty Tropical River and its Basin, ed. Harald Sioli, 127–65. Dordrecht: Dr. W. Junk, 1984.