Bach: Music in the Castle of Heaven

by Gardiner, John Eliot

  librettist relationships: collaboration 7.1, 7.2, 9.1; disregard 7.3

  and Lüneburg 3.1, 3.2, 6.1n; move to (at age of fifteen) 3.3

  and Luther 5.1, 5.2, 5.3n, 5.4, 5.5n, 5.6, 10.1, 10.2, 11.1, 11.2, 12.1

  at Mühlhausen 2.1, 5.1, 5.2, 5.3n, 5.4, 6.1, 9.1, 9.2

  musical authority through working life

  musical training: with Böhm 3.1; brother, J. C. Bach 3.2, 3.3; by cantors 3.4; cousin, J. C. Bach 3.5, 3.6; Lüneburg 3.7, 3.8; secret copying of music 3.9

  music’s purpose defined by Bach 8.1, 9.1

  and numbers, natural feel for

  obituary see Nekrolog

  and opera, Bach’s attitude towards 4.1, 4.2, 8.1n, 8.2, 11.1

  as organist 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 5.1, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 8.1

  parents’ death, and move to Ohrdruf 3.1, 12.1, 14.1

  parody technique 7.1, 12.1, 13.1, 13.2n, 13.3, 13.4n, 14.1

  perfection quest and habit 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 9.1, 479–524, 14.1, 14.2, 14.3n

  performance and scholarship approach to understanding prf.1, 1.1

  rehearsing 6.1, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 8.1, 9.1, 9.2

  schooling 2.1, 2.2, 6.1; Eisenach Latin School 2.3, 2.4, 3.1, 6.2; in Lüneburg 3.2; Ohrdruf Klosterschule 2.5, 3.3, 6.3

  singleness of purpose

  social awkwardness

  struggle between ‘legitimate’ and ‘illicit’ forms of anger 6.1, 6.2

  and Telemann

  and the Ursprung der musicalisch-Bachischen Familie 3.1

  in Weimar 6.1, 6.2, 8.1, 9.1, 9.2; employer relations 6.3, 6.4; first employment 3.1, 3.2; house arrest 6.5

  Bach, Johann Sebastian, works

  Actus tragicus 5.1, 12.1, 14.1

  Art of Fugue prf.1, 7.1n, 14.1, 14.2, 14.3

  B-A-C-H cryptograph in 9.1n, 14.1n

  B minor Mass see Mass in B minor by J. S. Bach

  Bach-Gesellschaft (Bach Society) edition

  Brandenburg Concertos 6.1, 7.1n, 8.1; second 7.2; third 8.2; fifth 7.3

  cantatas see cantatas of J. S. Bach

  cello suites 6.1, 7.1n, 7.2

  chorales 1.1, 4.1, 9.1n, 9.2n, 9.3, 9.4, 9.5, 10.1, 12.1, 14.1; cantata 9.6n, 9.7, 9.8, 9.9n, 9.10, 9.11, 9.12, 9.13, 9.14, 9.15, 9.16, 9.17, 9.18, 12.2, 12.3, 12.4, 12.5, 12.6, 12.7; Christmas Oratorio 14.2; ‘Deathbed chorale’ 14.3; influence of hymnal, Neues vollständiges Eisenachisches Gesangbuch 3.1; John Passion 10.2, 10.3, 10.4, 10.5, 10.6, 10.7, 10.8, 10.9, 10.10, 10.11, 11.1; Matthew Passion 11.2, 11.3, 11.4, 11.5, 11.6, 11.7, 11.8, 11.9, 11.10; organ 3.2, 7.1n, 9.19, 9.20, 13.1; organ chorale preludes (Orgel-Büchlein) 8.1, 14.4; see also cantatas of J. S. Bach: on Lutheran chorales

  compositional process see Bach, Johann Sebastian, man and musician: composition and the creative process

  Cöthen works 7.1n, 9.1, 9.2, 12.1

  figuration in scores

  harmonic movement 7.1, 7.2

  John Passion see John Passion

  keyboard works 14; Art of Fugue prf.1, 7.1n, 14.1, 14.2, 14.3; Aufrichtige Anleitung 7.2n; Canonic Variations on ‘Vom Himmel hoch’ 14.4n, 14.5n, 14.6n; Clavier-Übung 9.1, 9.2, 13.1, 13.2, 14.7; Cöthen 7.3n; Goldberg Variations 1.1, 3.1, 14.8n; Inventions 6.1, 7.4n; Musical Offering prf.2, 7.5; organ chorales 3.2, 7.6n, 9.3, 9.4, 13.3; Orgel-Büchlein (organ chorale preludes) 8.1, 14.9; spirituality prf.3; tension between form and content prf.4; Well-Tempered Clavier 6.2n, 6.3, 7.7n, 14.10n

  Magnificat 9.1, 9.2, 10.1

  Masses: B minor Mass see Mass in B minor by J. S. Bach; Dresden Missa (1733) 13.1; four short Masses (BWV 233–6) 14.1; Weimar Missa 13.2

  Matthew Passion see Matthew Passion

  motets 1.1, 12.1; Der Geist hilft unser Schwachheit auf 13.1; Fürchte dich nicht 12.2; Jesu, meine Freude 1.2, 12.3, 12.4, 12.5; Komm, Jesu, komm 12.6; music–word relationship 12.7; Singet dem Herrn 1.3, 1.4, 12.8

  music–word relationship 12.1, 14.1; in the cantatas see cantatas of J. S. Bach: music–word relationship; collusive 12.2, 454, 12.3; in the John Passion 10.1, 10.2, 10.3n, 10.4, 10.5; in the Matthew Passion 11.1, 11.2; and meta-language 12.4; in the motets 12.5; oblique 12.6, 12.7

  Musical Offering prf.1, 7.1

  oboe use in see oboes

  oratorios: Ascension Oratorio 13.1, 14.1; Christmas Oratorio 1.1, 6.1n, 12.1, 13.2, 13.3, 14.2, 14.3; Easter Oratorio 8.1, 9.1, 14.4; see also Passions, below

  Ouvertures for orchestra

  Passions: John see John Passion; Mark (lost) 14.1; Matthew see Matthew Passion

  performance, Bach and executio 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3

  performance, modern 13.1; bringing out tragic irony 10.1; conductor’s role and experience in 13.2, 13.3; ‘English’ sounding 1.1; grim interpretations 1.2; guided by immersion in cantatas 1.3, 10.2; and the historically informed movement see historically informed early-music movement; letting Bach dance and sing 1.4; negotiation between action and meditation 11.1; pacing 11.2; rehearsal 7.1; as an uplifting experience 10.3

  receptivity to see receptivity, musical

  rehearsals 6.1, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 8.1, 9.1, 9.2

  rhythmical elasticity

  Sanctus in D 9.1, 13.1

  secular–sacred criss-crossing

  sketches 7.1, 7.2n

  ‘sound dramas’ see music-drama: Bach’s drammi per musica/sound dramas

  and spirituality see spirituality: and Bach’s works

  violin sonatas and partitas 6.1, 7.1n, 7.2

  wedding quodlibet fragment (BWV 524) 3.1

  Bach, Johanna (sister-in-law)

  Bach, Leopold (son)

  Bach, Lips (Philippus)

  Bach, Maria Barbara (first wife) 3.1, 5.1, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3

  death 6.1, 12.1

  Bach, Maria Elisabeth, née Lämmerhirt (mother) 3.1, 3.2, 3.3

  Bach, Maria Elisabeth, wife of Christoph of Eisenach

  Bach, Michael (Johann Michael, cousin and father-in-law) 3.1, 3.2, 6.1

  Bach, Regine Susanna (daughter)

  Bach, Veit (Vitus)

  Bach, Wilhelm Friedemann (son) 3.1, 6.1n, 6.2, 7.1, 13.1, 13.2, 14.1, 14.2, 14.3

  Bach Cantata Pilgrimage (BCP) 1.1, 7.1, 9.1

  Bach Digital xxixn

  Bach family 3.1, 3.2

  and the Alt-Bachisches Archiv 3.1

  domestic situation in last years of Bach household

  employer clashes 3.1, 3.2n, 6.1; of J. S. Bach see Bach, Johann Sebastian, man and musician: authority/employer relationships

  and Gräser

  named Johann/Hans after Veit

  named Veit/Vitus

  nepotism 3.1, 6.1

  regular get-togethers 3.1, 12.1

  revealed in Christoph’s Meine Freundin, du bist schön 3.1

  Bach-Archiv, Leipzig prf.1, 7.1, 8.1

  Bache, Günther

  Bainton, Roland n

  Bakhtin, Mikhail n

  Ballard, J. G.

  Bammler, Nathanael

  Baroque instruments 1.1, 1.2, 13.1

  Basil, St

  Bassani, Giovanni Battista 13.1, 13.2

  Baudis, G. L., Frau

  Baumstark, Reinhold n

  Bautzen

  BBC Northern Orchestra

  BCP (Bach Cantata Pilgrimage) 1.1, 7.1, 9.1

  Beaumarchais, Pierre-Augustin Caron de n

  Beer, Johann 2.1, 6.1n, 6.2

  Beethoven, Ludwig van 6.1, 7.1n, 12.1, 14.1

  Fidelio

  Bellotto, Bernardo (Canaletto the Younger)

  Bellsted, J. H. 5.1, 6.1n

  Benda, Anna Franziska

  Benda, Franz 3.1, 14.1

  Benda, Georg 3.1, 8.1

  Benda, Jan Jirˇí

  Benda, Johann

  Benda, Josef

  Bendeler, Johann Jacob

  Benjamin, Walter prf.1, 7.1n, 12.1

  Bergenelsen, Johann von n

  Berger, Karol n

  Berlin, Isaiah n

  Berlioz, Hector prf.1, 3.1, 5.1n, 9.1, 10.1

  Bernard of Clairvaux

  Bernd, Adam 8.1n, 11.1

  Be
rnhard, Christoph 2.1, 4.1n, 5.1n, 7.1

  Bernini, Gian Lorenzo

  Bible 3.1, 4.1, 13.1

  and Bach’s sense of divine appointment to office

  Calov’s Bible commentary (annotated by Bach) 1.1, 5.1, 6.1, 6.2n, 6.3, 8.1n, 9.1n, 10.1, 11.1, 12.1, 14.1, 14.2

  Luther’s translation 5.1, 5.2n

  and music-drama 4.1, 4.2, 4.3

  New English n

  New Testament 2.1, 5.1, 9.1; contrast with the Law 5.2; John’s Gospel 9.2, 9.3, 9.4n, 9.5, 10.1n, 10.2, 10.3, 10.4, 10.5, 10.6, 10.7, 10.8, 11.1, 11.2; and the Law 12.1; Matthew’s Gospel 2.2, 9.6, 10.9, 10.10, 10.11, 11.3, 11.4

  Old Testament Law

  Song of Songs 2.1, 3.1, 3.2, 11.1

  use in education 2.1, 2.2

  Biedermann, J. G.

  Biffi, Antonio n

  Birnbaum, Johann Abraham 6.1, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 7.5n, 7.6, 8.1n, 12.1

  Bitter, Carl Hermann

  Blanning, Tim 2.1n, 2.2

  Blue Notes, The n

  Blume, Friedrich 4.1, 8.1

  Boethius, Anicius

  Boethius, Christian Friedrich: Singende Muse an der Pleisse frontispiece 8.1, 8.2

  Böhm, Georg 3.1, 3.2, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 4.1, 8.1

  Bokemeyer, Heinrich

  Boniface, St n

  Bordoni, Faustina 13.1, 14.1

  Born, Jacob 13.1, 14.1

  Bornemann (author of The Well-Designed and Abridged Housekeeping Magazine) 8.1

  Börner, Andreas n

  Borstelmann, Heinrich

  Botticelli, Sandro 9.1, 12.1, 13.1

  Boulanger, Nadia 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4

  bow vibrato

  Boyd, Malcolm 4.1n, 13.1n

  Boyle, Robert

  Brahms, Johannes prf.1, 10.1, 10.2

  and the Bach-Gesellschaft 12.1n

  double-choir motets

  German Requiem

  Braun, August

  Brecht, Bertolt n

  Britten, Benjamin, performance of Bach’s John Passion 1.1

  Brockes, Heinrich: Passion meditation 10.1, 10.2, 10.3, 10.4, 10.5, 11.1, 11.2, 12.1n

  Bronner, Georg

  Brown, Wilfred (Bill)

  Bruegel, Pieter the Elder

  Brühl, Count von

  Bruhns, Nicolaus 2.1, 2.2

  Buddeus, Johann Franz

  Buffardin, Pierre-Gabriel

  Bugenhagen, Johann n

  Buno, Johannes

  Historia universalis

  Bunyan, John

  Pilgrim’s Progress

  Burke, Edmund n

  A Philosophical Inquiry into the Original of Our Ideas of the Sublime and the Beautiful 8.1n

  Burmeister, Joachim 3.1n, 5.1

  Burney, Charles 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 13.1, 13.2

  Busoni, Ferruccio

  Butt, John 1.1n, 3.1n, 5.1n, 7.1, 7.2n, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 9.1, 10.1n, 10.2n, 11.1, 12.1n, 13.1n

  Buxtehude, Dietrich 2.1, 2.2, 6.1, 6.2n, 9.1n, 14.1

  Bach’s copying of

  Byrd, William 14.1, 14.2

  Mass for Four Voices

  Byron (of Rochdale), George Gordon, 6th Baron, ‘Lord Byron’ prf.1, 11.1

  Caccini, Giulio

  Caldara, Antonio 13.1, 13.2, 13.3

  Calov’s Bible commentary (annotated by Bach) 1.1, 5.1, 6.1, 6.2n, 6.3, 8.1n, 9.1n, 10.1, 11.1, 12.1, 14.1, 14.2

  Calvin, John

  Calvinism 2.1, 10.1

  Calvinist court in Cöthen 6.1, 6.2, 9.1

  Calvisius, Sethus 2.1, 6.1

  Campbell, Richard n

  Canaletto the Younger (Bernardo Bellotto)

  canon-singing

  cantatas of J. S. Bach 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 4.1, 5.1, 5.2, 6.1, 7.1, 7.2, 9.1, 288–341

  BWV 1 9.1, 11.1n

  BWV 4 5.1, 5.2, 12.1

  BWV 5 8.1

  BWV 6 1.1, 9.1, 9.2

  BWV 8 12.1, 12.2

  BWV 12 4.1, 13.1

  BWV 13 9.1

  BWV 18 10.1, 12.1

  BWV 19 3.1, 3.2, 14.1n

  BWV 20 9.1, 9.2

  BWV 21 9.1

  BWV 24 7.1

  BWV 25 9.1

  BWV 26 9.1

  BWV 27 12.1, 12.2

  BWV 29 13.1, 14.1

  BWV 30 14.1

  BWV 31 12.1, 12.2

  BWV 38 9.1

  BWV 39 9.1, 12.1

  BWV 41 7.1n, 9.1

  BWV 44 9.1n, 9.2

  BWV 46 9.1, 13.1, 13.2

  BWV 49 12.1

  BWV 56 12.1

  BWV 59 9.1n

  BWV 61 9.1

  BWV 63 6.1, 9.1, 9.2

  BWV 65 9.1

  BWV 67 9.1

  BWV 68 8.1, 9.1

  BWV 70a 9.1, 9.2

  BWV 71 9.1

  BWV 74 9.1

  BWV 75 9.1, 9.2

  BWV 76 7.1, 9.1, 9.2

  BWV 77 12.1

  BWV 78 12.1

  BWV 81 9.1

  BWV 82 12.1

  BWV 84 6.1

  BWV 90 9.1

  BWV 91 7.1, 9.1

  BWV 92 14.1n

  BWV 93 9.1

  BWV 95 12.1, 12.2

  BWV 101 9.1, 13.1

  BWV 103 9.1, 12.1

  BWV 105 9.1, 9.2, 10.1n

  BWV 106 5.1, 12.1, 14.1

  BWV 109 9.1

  BWV 110 12.1

  BWV 120 13.1

  BWV 121 9.1

  BWV 123 9.1

  BWV 125 12.1

  BWV 127 7.1, 7.2, 9.1, 11.1n

  BWV 130 12.1

  BWV 131 5.1

  BWV 133 7.1, 7.2

  BWV 134 12.1

  BWV 134a 7.1n

  BWV 135 6.1, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3

  BWV 140 3.1, 7.1

  BWV 144 6.1

  BWV 146 12.1

  BWV 150 3.1, 6.1

  BWV 151 12.1

  BWV 152 9.1

  BWV 159 9.1n, 12.1

  BWV 161 12.1

  BWV 162 11.1n

  BWV 169 12.1

  BWV 174 8.1

  BWV 176 9.1

  BWV 178 6.1

  BWV 180 12.1

  BWV 181 7.1, 8.1

  BWV 183 9.1

  BWV 185 6.1

  BWV 191 13.1

  BWV 198 7.1

  BWV 199 9.1, 12.1

  BWV 201 8.1

  BWV 208 6.1, 8.1n

  BWV 211 3.1, 8.1

  BWV 212 3.1

  BWV 213 8.1

  BWV 1083 13.1

  Ach Herr, mich armen Sünder 6.1, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3

  Ach! Ich sehe, itzt, da ich zur Hochzeit gehe 11.1n

  Ach wie flüchtig, ach wie nichtig

  Actus tragicus 5.1, 12.1, 14.1

  Affekte 5.1, 9.1, 12.1, 12.2, 12.3

  Also hat Gott die Welt geliebt 8.1, 9.1

  Am Abend aber desselbigen Sabbats

  attention-grabbing techniques

  Aus der Tiefe

  Aus tiefer Not schrei ich zu dir

  Bach-Gesellschaft (Bach Society) edition 9.1; and Brahms 12.1n

  and the Bach Cantata Pilgrimage 1.1, 7.1, 9.1

  Bach’s disenchantment with cantatas

  Barmherziges Herze der ewigen Liebe

  Bleib bei uns, denn es will Abend werden 1.1, 9.1, 9.2

  braiding of music and words 7.1, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 9.4, 9.5

  Brich dem Hungrigen dein Brot 9.1, 12.1

  bridging of heaven and this world 9.1, 12.1, 14.1

  chorales 9.1, 9.2, 9.3n, 9.4, 9.5, 9.6, 9.7, 9.8, 9.9, 9.10, 9.11, 9.12, 12.1, 12.2, 12.3, 12.4, 12.5, 12.6

  Christ lag in Todesbanden 5.1, 5.2, 12.1

  Christen, ätzet diesen Tag 6.1, 9.1, 9.2

  Christmas prf.1, 6.1, 7.1, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 9.4, 10.1, 12.1, 12.2

  Christum wir sollen loben schon

  Christus, der is mein Leben 12.1, 12.2

  Coffee 3.1, 8.1

  Cöthen 7.1n, 9.1, 12.1

  cycles 5.1, 6.1, 7.1, 7.2, 9.1; First Leipzig Cycle 9.2, 9.3, 9.4n, 10.1, 11.1n; Picander Cycle 9.5, 9.6n; Second Leipzig Cycle 7.3, 9.7, 9.8, 9.9, 11.2, 11.3, 14.1, 14.2; Third Leipzig Cycle 9.10

/>   dance-derived forms in church cantatas

  and death/the art of dying

  Der Himmel lacht 12.1, 12.2

  Die Elenden sollen essen 9.1, 9.2

  Die Himmel erzählen die Ehre Gottes 7.1, 9.1, 9.2

  Die Zeit, die Tag und Jahre macht 7.1n

  drama in 4.1, 8.1, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3

  Du sollt Gott, deinen Herren, lieben

  Ein Herz, das seinen Jesum lebend weiß

  Es erhub sich ein Streit 3.1, 3.2, 14.1n

  Es ist ein trotzig und verzagt Ding

  Es ist nichts Gesundes an meinem Leibe

  Es reißet euch ein schrecklich Ende

  expressive use of individual instruments

  Freue dich, erlöste Schar

  Gelobet seist du, Jesu Christ 7.1, 9.1

  Geschwinde, geschwinde, ihr wirbelnden Winde

  Gleichwie der Regen und Schnee vom Himmel fällt 10.1, 12.1

  Gloria in excelsis Deo

  Gott, man lobet dich in der Stille

  Gott ist mein König

  Gott soll allein mein Herze haben

  Gottes Zeit ist die allerbeste Zeit (Actus tragicus) 5.1, 12.1, 14.1

  Halt im Gedächtnis

  Herkules auf dem Scheidewege

  Herr, gehe nicht ins Gericht 9.1, 9.2, 10.1n

  Herr Gott, dich loben alle wir

  Herr Jesu Christ, wahr’ Mensch und Gott 7.1, 7.2, 9.1, 11.1n

  Ich bin vergnügt mit meinem Stande

  Ich freue mich in dir 7.1, 7.2

  Ich geh und suche mit Verlangen

  Ich glaube, lieber Herr, hilf meinem Unglauben

  Ich hab in Gottes Herz und Sinn 14.1n

  Ich habe genug

  Ich hatte viel Bekümmerniss

  Ich liebe den Höchsten von ganzem Gemüte, ‘protest’ canatata

  Ich will den Kreuzstab gerne tragen

  Ihr werdet weinen und heulen 9.1, 12.1

  influence of hymnal, Neues vollständiges Eisenachisches Gesangbuch 3.1

  Jesu, der du meine Seele

  Jesu, nun sei gepreiset 7.1n, 9.1

  Jesus schläft, was soll ich hoffen?

  Johannine slant 9.1, 10.1

  and the John Passion 10.1, 10.2

  Komm, du süße Todesstunde

  Kommt, gehet und eilet

  Leichenglocken in 12.1, 12.2

  Leichtgesinnte Flattergeister 7.1, 8.1

  Leipzig work in 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 8.1, 8.2, 9.1, 10.1, 12.1

  Liebster Gott, wenn werd ich sterben 12.1, 12.2

  Liebster Immanuel, Herzog der Frommen

  lost

  on Lutheran chorales 9.1, 12.1

  and the Matthew Passion 9.1, 9.2, 11.1, 11.2

  Mein Herze schwimmt im Blut 9.1, 12.1

  Meine Seufzer, meine Tränen

  Mit Fried und Freud ich fahr dahin

  mourning cantatas

  music–word relationship 7.1, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 9.4, 9.5, 12.1, 12.2, 12.3, 12.4; and the art of dying 12.5; collusive 12.6, 12.7, 12.8; and the device of the angelic choir 12.9; oblique 12.10, 12.11