Walker, John Albert. (2001). Art in the Age of Mass Media. London: Pluto.
Walker, Wyatt Tee. (1979). “Somebody’s Calling My Name”: Black Sacred Music and Social Change. Valley Forge, PA: Judson Press.
Wall, Wendy. (2008). Inventing the “American Way”: The Politics of Consensus from the New Deal to the Civil Rights Movement. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Wallenstein, Peter. (2008). Higher Education and the Civil Rights Movement: White Supremacy, Black Southerners, and College Campuses. Gainesville: University Press of Florida.
Waller, Don. (1985). The Motown Story. New York: Scribner.
Walters, Ronald W. (1993). Pan-Africanism in the African Diaspora: An Analysis of Modern Afrocentric Political Movement. Detroit: Wayne State University Press.
Ward, Brian. (1998). Just My Soul Responding: Rhythm & Blues, Black Consciousness, and Race Relations. Berkeley: University of California Press.
___. (Ed.). (2001). Media, Culture, and the Modern African American Freedom Struggle. Gainesville: University Press of Florida.
___. (2002). “‘All for One, and One for All’: Black Enterprise, Racial Politics and the Business of Soul.” In Norman Kelley (Ed.), R&B, Rhythm and Business: The Political Economy of Black Music (138–157). New York: Akashic.
___. (2004). Radio and the Struggle for Civil Rights in the South. Gainesville: University Press of Florida.
___. (2012). “ ‘People Get Ready’: Music and the Civil Rights Movement of the 1950s and 1960s.” http://www.gilderlehrman.org/history-by-era/civil-rights-movement/essays/“people-get-ready”-music-and-civil-rights-movement-1950s.
Ward, Jason M. (2011). Defending White Democracy: The Making of a Segregationist Movement and the Remaking of Racial Politics, 1936–1965. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.
Warren, Roland L. (Ed.). (2008). Politics and African American Ghettos. New Brunswick, NJ: Aldine Transaction.
Washburn, Patrick S. (1981). “The ‘Pittsburgh Courier’s Double V Campaign in 1942.” Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Association for Education in Journalism (64th, East Lansing, MI, August 8–11, 1981).
___. (1986). “The Pittsburgh Courier’s Double V Campaign in 1942.” American Journalism 3 (2), 73–86.
Washington, Joseph R. (1964). Black Religion: The Negro and Christianity in the United States. Boston: Beacon.
Waters, Kristin and Conaway, Carol B. (Eds.). (2007). Black Women’s Intellectual Traditions: Speaking Their Minds. Burlington, VT: University of Vermont Press.
Watson, Steven. (1995). The Birth of the Beat Generation: Visionaries, Rebels, and Hipsters, 1944–1960. New York: Pantheon Books.
Watters, Pat. (1971). Down To Now: Reflections on the Southern Civil Rights Movement. New York: Pantheon.
Webb, Clive. (2005). Massive Resistance: Southern Opposition to the Second Reconstruction. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Weber, Deanna Frith. (2010). “The Freedom Singers: Their History and Legacy for Music Education.” D.M.A. dissertation, Boston University, Boston, MA.
Webster, Aaron. (2003). Elvis, the New Rage: A Radio History from 1945 to 1955. Plano, TX: Republic of Texas Press.
Webster, Dwight. (2011). “Gospel Music in the United States of America 1960s–1980s: A Study of the Themes of ‘Survival,’ ‘Elevation,’ and ‘Liberation’ in a Popular Urban Contemporary Black Folk Sacred Mass Music.” Graduate Theological Union, University of California, Berkeley, CA.
Weidman, Richard. (2015). The Beat Generation FAQ: All That's Left to Know About the Angelheaded Hipsters. Montclair, NJ: Backbeat Books.
Weinbaum, Alys Eve. (2001). “Reproducing Racial Globality: W.E.B. Du Bois and the Sexual Politics of Black Internationalism.” Social Text 19 (2), 15–41.
Weinbaum, Alys Eve. (2013). “Gendering the General Strike: W. E. B. Du Bois’s Black Reconstruction and Black Feminism’s ‘Propaganda of History’.” South Atlantic Quarterly 112 (3), 437–464.
Weisbrot, Robert. (1990). Freedom Bound: A History of America’s Civil Rights Movement. New York: Norton.
Weissman, Dick. (2005). Which Side Are You On?: An Inside History of the Folk Music Revival in America. New York: Continuum.
Welky, David. (2013). Marching Across the Color-Line: A. Philip Randolph and Civil Rights in the World War II Era. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Werner, Craig H. (2004). Higher Ground: Stevie Wonder, Aretha Franklin, Curtis Mayfield, and the Rise and Fall of American Soul. New York: Crown Publishers.
___. (2006a). “Black music and black possibility: from be-bop to hip-hop.” In Robert L. Harris and Rosalyn Terborg-Penn (Eds.), The Columbia Guide to African American History since 1939 (172–193). New York: Columbia University Press.
___. (2006b). Change is Gonna Come: Music, Race & the Soul of America. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
Wertheim, Arthur F. (2006). Vaudeville Wars: How Keith-Albee and Orpheum Circuits Controlled the Big-Time and Its Performers. New York: Palgrave Macmillan
Wesley, Charles H. (1984). The History of the National Association of Colored Women's Clubs: A Legacy of Service. Washington, D.C.: National Association of Colored Women.
Wexler, Jerry. (1993). Rhythm And The Blues: A Life in American Music (with David Ritz). New York: Knopf.
Whitall, Susan. (1998). Women of Motown: An Oral History. New York: Avon Books.
White, Adam. (1985). The Motown Story. Boston: Bedford Press.
White, Marjorie L., and Manis, Andrew Michael. (Eds.). (2000). Birmingham Revolutionaries: The Reverend Fred Shuttlesworth and the Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights. Macon: Mercer University Press.
White, Shane, and White, Graham J. (2005). The Sounds of Slavery: Discovering African American History through Songs, Sermons, and Speech. Boston: Beacon Press.
Wilder, Craig S. (2001). In the Company of Black Men: The African Influence on African American Culture in New York City. New York: New York University.
Wilkerson, Isabel. (2010). The Warmth of Other Suns: The Epic Story of America’s Great Migration. New York: Random House.
Wilkerson, William S., and Paris, Jeffrey. (Eds.). (2001). New Critical Theory: Essays on Liberation. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield.
Williams, Chad Louis. (2010). Torchbearers of Democracy: African American Soldiers in the World War I Era. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.
Williams, Johnny E. (2002). “Linking Beliefs to Collective Action: Politicized Religious Beliefs and the Civil Rights Movement.” Sociological Forum 17 (2), 203–22.
Williams, Johnny E. (2003). African American Religion and the Civil Rights Movement in Arkansas. Jackson : University Press of Mississippi.
Williams, Juan. (1987). Eyes on the Prize: America's Civil Rights Years, 1954–1965. New York: Viking.
Williams, Otis. (1988). Temptations (with Patricia Romanowski Bashe). New York: Putnam.
Williams, Rhys H. (2004). “The Cultural Contexts of Collective Action: Constraints, Opportunities, and the Symbolic Life of Social Movements.” In David A. Snow, Sarah Anne Soule, and Hanspeter Kriesi (Eds.), The Blackwell Companion to Social Movements (91–115). Malden, MA: Blackwell.
Williams, Yohuru R. (2015). Rethinking the Black Freedom Movement. New York: Routledge.
Williams-Jones, Pearl. (1975). “Afro-American Gospel Music: A Crystallization of the Black Aesthetic.” Ethnomusicology 19 (3), 373–85.
Williamson, Joel. (1984). South Since Emancipation. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
___. (1986). A Rage for Order: Black/White Relations in the American South Since Emancipation. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
___. (2015). Elvis Presley: A Southern Life. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Willis, Deborah, and Williams, Carla. (2002). The Black Female Body: A Photographic History. Philadelphia: Temple University Press.
Wilmore, Gayraud S. (1998). Black Religion and Black Radicalism: An Interpretation of the Religious History of Afro-American People. Maryknoll, NY: Orb
is.
Wilson, David. (2007). Cities and Race: America’s New Black Ghetto. New York: Routledge.
Wilson, James F. (2010). Bulldaggers, Pansies, and Chocolate Babies: Performance, Race, and Sexuality in the Harlem Renaissance. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
Wilson, Mary. (1999). Dreamgirl and Supreme Faith: My Life as a Supreme. New York: Cooper Square.
Wilson, Shawn. (2008). Research Is Ceremony: Indigenous Research Methods. Black Point: Fernwood.
Wilson, William J. (1987). The Truly Disadvantaged: The Inner-City, the Underclass, and Public Policy. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
___. (1997). When Work Disappears: The World of the New Urban Poor. New York: Knopf/Random House.
___. (1999). The Bridge Over the Racial Divide: Rising Inequality and Coalition Politics. Berkeley: University of California Press.
___. (2009). More Than Just Race: Being Black and Poor in the Inner-City. New York: Norton.
Winters, Paul A. (Ed.). (2000). The Civil Rights Movement. San Diego: Greenhaven.
Wolcott, Victoria W. (2012). Race, Riots, and Roller Coasters: The Struggle over Segregated Recreation in America. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
Wolff, Daniel J. (1995). You Send Me: The Life and Times of Sam Cooke. New York: Morrow.
Wondrich, David. (2003). Stomp and Swerve: American Music Gets Hot, 1843–1924. Chicago: Chicago Review Press.
Wood, Amy Louise. (2009). Lynching and Spectacle: Witnessing Racial Violence in America, 1890–1940. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.
Woodson, Carter G. (1922). The Negro in Our History. Washington, D.C.: Associated Publishers.
___. (1969). A Century of Negro Migration. New York: Russell & Russell.
Work, John W. (Ed.). (1998). American Negro Songs: 230 Folk Songs and Spirituals, Religious and Secular. Mineola, NY: Dover.
Wormser, Richard. (Producer). (2002). The Rise and Fall of Jim Crow: A Century of Segregation (4 Episodes). San Francisco, CA: California Newsreel.
Wortham, Robert A. (2005a). “Du Bois and the Sociology of Religion: Rediscovering a Founding Figure.” Sociological Inquiry 75 (4), 433–452.
___. (2005b). “Du Bois and the Sociology of Religion: Rediscovering a Founding Figure.” Sociological Inquiry 75 (4), 433–452.
___. (2009). “W.E.B. Du Bois, the Black Church, and the Sociological Study of Religion.” Sociological Spectrum 29 (2), 144–172.
Wright, Gavin. (2013). Sharing the Prize: The Economics of the Civil Rights Revolution in the American South. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Wright, Sarah E. (1990). A. Philip Randolph: Integration in the Workplace. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Silver Burdett Press.
Wynn, Neil A. (2010). The African American Experience during World War II. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.
Yancey, Eddie. (2007). “Rhythm & Blues Protest Songs: Voices of Resistance.” Ph.D. dissertation, Department of African American Studies, Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA.
Yellin, Jean Fagan. (1973). “Du Bois’s Crisis and Woman’s Suffrage.” Massachusetts Review 14 (2), 365–375.
Young, Alan. (1997). Woke Me Up This Morning: Black Gospel Singers and the Gospel Life. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi.
___. (2001). The Pilgrim Jubilees. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi.
Young, Richard P. (1970). Roots of Rebellion: The Evolution of Black Politics and Protest Since World War II. New York: Harper & Row.
Zak, Albin. (2010). I Don’t Sound Like Nobody: Remaking Music in 1950s America. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
Zangrando, Robert L. (1980). The NAACP Crusade Against Lynching, 1909–1950. Philadelphia: Temple University Press.
Zinn, Howard. (1965). SNCC: The New Abolitionists. Boston: Beacon.
Zolten, Jerry. (2003). Great God A’Mighty! The Dixie Hummingbirds: Celebrating the Rise of Soul Gospel Music. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003.
Zook, Kristal B. (2008). I See Black People: The Rise and Fall of African American-Owned Television and Radio. New York: Nation Books.
Zott, Lynn M. (Ed.). (2003). The Beat Generation: A Gale Critical Companion. Detroit: Gale.
Zuckerman, Phil. (2002). “The Sociology of Religion of W.E.B. Du Bois.” Sociology of Religion 63 (2), 239–253.
___. (2009). “The Irreligiosity of W.E.B. Du Bois.” In Edward J. Blum and Jason R. Young (Eds.), The Souls of W.E.B. Du Bois: New Essays and Reflections (pp. 3–17). Macon: Mercer University Press.
Zwerin, Michael. (2000). Swing Under the Nazis: Jazz as a Metaphor for Freedom. New York: Cooper Square Press.
Index
2
24-7 Spyz, 1
A
Adams, Billy, 1
Africana critical theory, 1.1-1.2 , 2 , 3
Abolitionist Movement, 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9
Aguilera, Christina, 1
Albany Movement, 1
Allen, Richard “Pistol”, 1
Altschuler, Glenn, 1.1-1.2 , 2 , 3 , 4
American Independent Party, 1
Anderson, Tanisha, 1
Armstrong, Louis, 1 , 2
Ashford, Jack, 1
Atlantic Records, 1 , 2 , 3
B
Babbitt, Bob, 1
Bad Brains, 1
Baker, Ella, 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5
Baker, Houston, 1
Baker, LaVern, 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6
Baldwin, James, 1 , 2 , 3 , 4
Ballard, Hank, & the Midnighters, 1 , 2 , 3 , 4
Banfield, William, 1
Baraka, Amiri, 1.1-1.2 , 2 , 3.1-3.2
Barth, Paul, 1
Basie, Count, 1
Beals, Melba Pattillo, 1
Beastie Boys, 1
Beat Generation, 1 , 2 , 3
Beauchamp, George, 1
Beck, Glen, 1
Belafonte, Harry, 1
Bell, William, 1
Begle, Howell, 1
Benford, Robert, 1
Benjamin, William “Benny”, 1
Berry, Chuck, 1 , 2 , 3 , 4.1-4.2 , 5 , 6 , 7
Bertrand, Michael, 1.1-1.2
Bevel, James, 1
Beyoncé, 1
Blackwell, Otis, 1 , 2
Black Women’s Club Movement, 1 , 2 , 3 , 4.1-4.2 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8.1-8.2 , 9 , 10
Bland, Sandra, 1
Blind Boys of Alabama, 1 , 2
Blind Boys of Mississippi, 1 , 2
Block, Sam, 1 , 2
blues, 1.1-1.2 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5.1-5.2 , 6.1-6.2 , 7 , 8.1-8.2 , 9 , 10 , 11.1-11.2
Boone, Daniel, 1
Boone, Pat, 1.1-1.2 , 2
Bostic, Earl, 1
Bowen, Jimmy, 1
Boyd, Rekia, 1
Braceland, Francis, 1
Bradford, Perry, 1
Brahms, Johannes, 1
Brando, Marlon, 1
Brenston, Jackie, 1
Bright Light Quartet, 1
Bristol, Johnny, 1
Brooks, Gwendolyn, 1
Brown, Charles, 1 , 2
Brown, Courtney, 1
Brown, Eddie “Bongo”, 1
Brown, James, 1
Brown, John, 1
Brown, Maxine, 1
Brown, Michael, 1
Brown, Minnijean, 1
Brown, Oscar, Jr., 1
Brown, Roy, 1
Brown, Ruth, 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7
Burke, Solomon, 1
Burlison, Paul, 1
Burnette, Johnny, 1
Burnim, Mellonee, 1 , 2 , 3.1-3.2 , 4
Busoni, Ferruccio, 1
C
Carroll, Reverend John, 1
Cash, Johnny, 1
Carby, Hazel, 1
Carmichael, Stokely, 1.1-1.2 , 2 , 3
CBS Trumpeteers, 1
Chantels, 1
Chapman, Tracy, 1
Charioteers, 1
Charles, Ray, 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5
Charms, 1 , 2
Checker, Chubby, 1 , 2
Cherry, Eagle-Eye, 1
ChesnuTT, Cody, 1
Chess, Leonard, 1
Chess, Phil, 1
Chess Records, 1 , 2 , 3 , 4
Chiffons, 1
Children’s Crusade, 1
Chitlin’ Circuit, 1 , 2
Chocolate Genius, 1
Chopin, Frédéric François, 1
Chordettes, 1
Chords, 1 , 2 , 3 , 4
Chosen Gospel Singers, 1
Christian, Charlie, 1
Civil Rights Act of 1964, 1 , 2
Clark, Gary, Jr., 1
Clark, Septima, 1 , 2
Clay, Andreana, 1
Clefs of Calvary, 1
Coasters, 1.1-1.2 , 2
Coates, Dorothy Love, 1 , 2 , 3
Cobb, Arnett, 1
Cochran, Eddie, 1
Coffey, Dennis, 1
Cole, Nat King, 1 , 2 , 3 , 4
Coleman, Jaybird, 1
Collins, Addie Mae, 1.1-1.2
Colvin, Claudette, 1
Congress of Racial Equality (CORE), 1 , 2
Connor, Bull (Theophilus Eugene Connor), 1
Cooke, Sam, 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6
Covach, John, 1.1-1.2
Covington, Bogus Blind Ben, 1
Crawford III, John, 1
Crows, 1 , 2
Crummell, Alexander, 1
Crystals, 1
Culley, Frank “Floorshow”, 1
Culp, Napoleon “Nappy Brown”, 1
D
D’Arby, Terence Trent, 1
Darden, Bob, 1 , 2.1-2.2
Davis, Angela, 1 , 2
Davis, Billy, 1
Davis, Francis, 1
Davis, Nathan, 1
Davis, Ossie, 1
Davis, Sammy, Jr., 1
Dawson, Ronnie, 1
Dean, James, 1
Debussy, Claude, 1
Dee, Ruby, 1
Deep River Boys, 1
Delta Rhythm Boys, 1
Diddley, Bo, 1 , 2 , 3.1-3.2 , 4 , 5
Dillard, Varetta, 1
Dixie Hummingbirds, 1 , 2
DJ Jazzy Jeff & the Fresh Prince, 1
Doggett, Peter, 1.1-1.2
Domino, Fats, 1 , 2.1-2.2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7
Dominoes, 1
doo-wop, 1 , 2 , 3.1-3.2 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8
Dorsey, Thomas, 1.1-1.2 , 2.1-2.2 , 3
“
“Double V” campaign, 1 , 2
D
Douglass, Frederick, 1
Civil Rights Music Page 42
