A People's Art History of the United States: 250 Years of Activist Art and Artists Working in Social Justice
Page 44
Glassgold, C. Adolph, 151
Glassman, Evan, 78, 316n12
Glintenkamp, Henry, 105, 106, 107, 167
global solidarity, 163, 205, 233, 234, 317n25
Gold, Michael, 143
Goldman, Emma, 74, 92, 105
Golin, Steve, 93, 318–19n20, 319nn22–23
Goodman, Andrew, 197, 197, 198
Gorelick, Boris, 157, 170
Gossett, Carl T., 219
Gottlieb, Harry, 167, 170, 174
government-funded art, 146, 147–55
The Government Has Blood on Its Hands (Gran Fury), 256, 256
graffiti, 83, 249, 250, 339n23
Grand Central Station, New York City, 155
Gran Fury, 253, 255–62, 340n12, 341n24
Great Britain, 312n13
abolitionist movement, 23, 24–27, 36
occupation of India, 37
Great Depression, 138, 147, 149, 154, 157
The Great Goddess Diana, 232
Green, James, 74
Green, Wilder, 212
Greenberg, Clement, 175
greenhouse gas emissions, 300, 301, 302, 345n18
Greenwald, Dara, 79, 79
Greenwich Village, New York City, 88, 92, 93, 96, 97, 100, 102, 319n25
Grey, Camille: Lipstick Bathroom, 227
Griffith, D.W., 131
Grifter, Kehben, 78, 78, 316n12
Gronk, 242, 244, 245, 245, 246, 246, 247–48, 248, 250, 250, 338n7
Groundwork: The Anti-Nuke Port Stencil Project, 263–68, 266, 267, 341
Guernica (Picasso), 174, 222, 223, 223, 329n19, 336n30
guerrilla art. See night work; public interventions; street theater
Guerrilla Art Action Group (GAAG), 211–15, 335n1
Guevara, Che, 205, 244
Guggenheim Museum, 217
Guglielmi, Louis, 149
guns, 122, 133, 133, 201, 206, 208
invisible, 288, 288, 289, 292
Guston, Philip, 146
Haacke, Hans, xi, 216
Haeberle, Ronald, 220–21, 221, 222
Hagel, Otto, 142, 144
Halliburton, 300
Hamilton, Ed, 312n1
Hampton, Fred, 206, 318n29
Hand, Augustus, 107
handbills. See broadsides and flyers
Harlem Community Art Center, 150, 150
Harrison, Carter, 72, 75
Harrison, Samuel, 40
hate crimes: lynching. See lynching
hate groups, 279–85. See also Ku Klux Klan
hate mail, 125, 126
Haudenosaunee. See Iroquois
Hawaii, 330n1
Hayes-Tilden election, 1876, 42, 322n3
Haymarket Affair, 70–85
Haymarket Martyr’s Monument, 73–74, 74, 81–82, 83, 316–17n15
Haymarket Monument, Chicago (2004), 80–84, 81, 317n25
Haymarket Police Monument. See Police Monument, Chicago
Haymarket Riot, Chicago, 1886, 71, 72–73
Haymarket Square, Chicago, 72, 73, 75
Haywood, Bill, 88, 89, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 96
final years, 319n24
grave, 74
on sabotage, 89
health. See Native American health; public health
Heart Mountain Internment Camp, 183
Heiberg, Einar, 162
Hendricks, Jon, 211, 212, 213–14, 221
Herron, Matt, 197–98
Herrón, Willie, 242, 244, 246, 246, 250, 250, 338n14
murals, 245, 338n7, 339n16
“Hiawatha” belt, 3, 4
Higginson, Thomas Wentworth, 313
Hightower, John, 214
Hill, Rick, 10
Hillside Strangler case, 239–41
Hirabayashi, Gordon, 182
hoaxes, pranks, etc., 257, 257, 296–303
Hochschild, Adam, 26–27
Holmes, John H., 125, 126
homelessness, 66, 68, 129, 140
homophobia, 252, 260–61
Hoover, J. Edgar, 178
Hoover Committee for Finnish Relief, 175
Hope, Will, 105
Hopi people, 52
Hopkins, Alison Turnbull, 110
Hopkins, Harry L., 157
Horse Capture, George P., 52
Horton, James Oliver, 32
Horton, Lois E., 32
Hose, Sam, 122
House Committee on An-American Activities, 153, 154
How the Other Half Lives (Riis), 60, 64–66, 65, 67
Huberland, Kathy, 227, 227
Huddleston, Judy, 227
Hug, Bill, 68
Huggins, John, 206
Hughes, Aaron, 288, 290, 291–92, 295
Hughes, Langston, 133
humanitarian relief, 135–36, 148
hunger strikes, 112, 117–18
Hurd, Jason, 294–95
Hurwitz, Leo, 140
Hutton, Bobby, 206
I Am Out, Therefore I Am (Rolston), 340n21
ice in art, 272
Illinois Labor History Society (ILHS), 80, 81–82, 83, 316–17n15
Illinois legislature, 260–61
illustrations, 133
in abolition movement, 23, 25–26, 29
Black Panther, 202, 207
in The Crisis, 132, 133
in The Masses, 101, 102, 103
Okubo’s, 180, 186
in Regeneración, 244
See also magazines: cover illustrations
immigrants and immigration, 64–65, 66, 67, 68, 73. See also anti-immigrant movement
impersonation, 296–300, 301, 344n2
impressment riots, 15
imprisonment and jailing, 93, 112, 116–17, 141, 192–93, 192, 201, 206
In Defense of World Democracy (exhibition), 172
Index of American Design, 150–51, 151
India, 37. See also Bhopal disaster
Indian arts. See Native American arts
Indian Sitting outside Teepee with Meat Drying on Racks (Throssel), 57
Indians. See Native Americans
Indigenous Dances (Baca). See Danzas Indigenas (Baca)
Industrial Workers of the World (IWW), 86, 87–98, 319n24
inequality, 85, 87, 170, 203, 229, 231, 243–44, 251, 261. See also racism; sexism
In Mourning and in Rage, 238–41, 239, 240, 241
installations, 272–73
Interior of the Best Indian Kitchen on the Crow Reservation (Throssel), 56–57, 56
Internal Security Act, 331n29
International Labor Defense, 138, 329n18
International Socialist Review, 100, 101
international solidarity. See global solidarity
internment, Japanese American. See Japanese American internment
interventions, public. See public interventions
Iraq Veterans Against the War (IVAW), 286, 287–95
Irish, Sharon, 237
Iroquois, 1, 3, 5, 7–8, 9, 66, 306n10, 306–7n19, 307n22. See also Mohawk people
Ishigaki, Eitaro, 146, 167
Jackson, Andrew, 29–30
Jackson, George, 205
Jacobs, Lewis, 143
jailing and imprisonment. See imprisonment and jailing
James, William, 45
Japanese American art and artists, 177–87
Japanese American Citizens League (JACL), 182
Japanese American internment, 176, 177–87, 178, 179, 180, 181, 182, 183, 186, 187
list of camps, 330n6
loyalty questionnaires, etc., 181–83, 186, 331n14, 331n24
maps and plans, 184–85
The Japanese Relocation, 330n8
Jewish Museum, 217
Jim Crow laws, 322n3
Jocelyn, Nathaniel: Cinque, 28, 28
John Reed Clubs, 144, 157, 329n18
Johnson, Abby Arthur, 133
Johnson, Andrew, 42
Johnson, James Weldon, 127, 128
Johnson, Lyndon, 214
Johnson, Poppy, 212, 217
Johnson, Ronald Baberry, 133
Johnson, Sargent, 148
Jones, Cleve, 252
Jones, LeRoi. See Baraka, Amiri
Jones, Mary Harris “Mother”, 89, 101
Jones, Robert Edmond, 86
Joseph, Stephen, 256
Kainen, Jacob, 155
Keepers of the Water, 269
Keitt, Lawrence, 32
Kelland, Lara, 82
Kelly, Edward, 141
Kerr, Charles H., 101
King, Mary, 189
King Philip’s War, 306n13
Kirschke, Amy Helene, 128
Kissing Doesn’t Kill (Gran Fury), 259–61, 259, 260
The Kitchen (art space), 258
Klein, Naomi, 299
Klem, Tom, 268
Klitgaard, Kaj, 151
Koch, Ed, 256, 264–65, 266
Koen, Charles, 188–89, 189
Korematsu, Fred, 182
Kozloff, Joyce, 223
Kramer, Peter, 311
Kruger, Barbara, 259, 340n21
Ku Klux Klan, 131, 133, 133, 193, 197, 323n25, 333n34
Labor Defender Photo Group, 138
labor movement, 71–73, 164, 216
Haymarket commemoration involvement, 80–82, 83, 84, 316–17n15, 317n17
See also Industrial Workers of the World (IWW); strikes; unions
labor press, 138
Labowitz, Leslie, 239–41, 239, 240, 241, 267
Lacy, Suzanne, 225, 235–41, 236, 237, 239, 240, 241, 267
LaGuardia, Fiorello, 160, 161, 174
La More, Chet, 147, 158, 162
Lampkin, Daisy, 126
landscape design, 273–77
Lange, Dorothea, 198
lantern slides, 17, 20, 68
Lara, Javier, 79, 79
LaRouche, Lyndon, 252
Last Supper (Leonardo): parodies, 247
Latinos, 254–55, 281. See also Chicana/o art; Chicana/o movement
laws and legislation, 21, 99, 331n29
anti-lynching, 128, 323n20
art-related, 154, 336n24
firearm-related, 206
Great Britain, 27
homophobic, 260–61
Jim Crow, 322n3
labor-related, 148, 216
Massachusetts, 21, 312n3
slavery-related, 35–36
See also Espionage Act of 1917; Stamp Act
lawsuits, 182, 311n6
Leach, Eugene E., 321n25
lectures, visual, 38, 51, 56, 68
Lee, Euel, 136
leftist purges. See purges, leftist
legislation. See laws and legislation
legislators, African American. See African American legislators
Lerner, Isador, 143
Lesbian Art Project, 231, 232
lesbian-bashing. See homophobia
Lessig, Adolph, 91, 96, 318n7
Lester, Jan, 235, 236
Lewis, Dora, 116
Lewis, John, 188–89, 189, 198
liberation struggles, Third World. See Third World liberation struggles
The Liberator (abolitionist newspaper), 29, 30
The Liberator (Communist magazine), 100, 109
Liberty bonds, 117
liberty poles, 17, 19–20, 19, 21
Liberty Tree, Boston, 16–19, 17, 309n19
libraries, 151, 162
Lin, Maya, 316n11
Lincoln, Abraham, 312n3
Linebaugh, Peter, 20
Linen Closet (Orgel), 227, 228
Lippard, Lucy, 51–52, 216, 218–19, 305n1
Lipstick Bathroom (Grey), 227
lithography presses, 231
lithographs, 23, 30–31, 30, 31, 32, 32, 34, 34, 35
African American, 310n4
twentieth-century, 172, 221
litigation. See lawsuits
Livingston, Robert R., Jr., 18
Living Water Garden, Chengdu, China, 269–77
Lodgers in a Crowded Bayard Street Tenement (Riis), 63
logos, 137, 164, 164, 165. See also Silence = Death
Los Angeles, 224, 229–34, 338n7, 338n10
Chicano interventions in, 242–51
feminist interventions in, 236–41
Los Angeles County Museum of Art (LACMA), 231, 249, 250, 339n29
Lost Cause ideology, 42, 43
Lovejoy, Elijah P., 24, 310n4
Lowe, Bia, 239
Lowry, Bates, 215
loyalty oaths, questionnaires, etc., 153, 181–83, 183, 186, 331n14, 331n24
Lozano, Manuel, 202
Lozowick, Louis, 169, 174
Ludlow Massacre, 1914, 102–3, 104
lynching, 121, 122, 124–31, 130, 132, 133–34, 136
Lyon, Danny, 188–189, 189, 190–93, 191, 192, 194, 195, 196
on SNCC exclusion of whites, 333n33
MacDougall, Alexander, 20
Mackintosh, Ebenezer, 17–18
magazines, 100–109, 174, 205, 226, 244
cover illustrations, 102–3, 104, 105, 124, 156, 161
Okubo as illustrator for, 186
photography in, 124, 125, 126, 127–28, 127, 138
See also distribution of newspapers and magazines; The Crisis; The Masses
Magee, John L.: Southern Chivalry, 32, 32
magic lanterns. See lantern slides
mail service. See postal service
mainstream media. See mass media
Malcolm X, 191, 199, 205
Malevich, Kazimir: Supremacist Composition, 211, 212, 335n1
Malone, Dudley Field, 107
“mammy” memorials, 43
Mangravite, Peppino, 168
manifestos, 157, 199–200, 211–12, 213
mannequins in art, 227, 228
Manning, William, 20–21
maps, 124, 132, 184–85, 237, 237
marches, parades, and rallies, 135, 288
East Los Angeles, 244
New York City, 87, 88, 129–30, 129
Washington, DC, 112, 113, 114, 140
Marine Corps recruiting stations. See U.S. Marine Corps recruiting stations
Marks, Leonard, 264
Marxism, 133, 201, 325n18
Mason, Nathan, 80, 82, 84
Massachusetts legislature, 21, 312n3
massacres. See Boston Massacre; My Lai Massacre
Massaum ceremony (Northern Cheyenne), 54–55, 55
The Masses, 87, 92, 100–109, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108
racism of, 320n11
mass media, 189, 198, 204, 220, 228, 299
Matott, Drew, 293
May Day graphics, 101
McAlpin, Loring, 257, 259, 261
McBride, Kelly, 299
McCarty, Marlene, 259, 261, 340n21
McDew, Charles, 193
McKay, Claude, 133
McLaurin, Charles, 191
McMahon, Audrey, 161, 327n9
McMaster, Gerald, 50
Meadlo, Paul, 220
media. See films; mass media; news media; press; television
memorials. See monuments; war memorials
Meneses, Johnny, 317n25
Menstruation Bathroom (Chicago), 227
Merrill, Lewis, 165
Metacomet’s War. See King Philip’s War
metalwork, 2, 15, 15
Metropolitan Museum of Art, 217–18, 218
Mexican art and artists, 147, 167–68, 170–71
Mexican migrant workers, 142
mezzotint prints, 28
middle-class audiences, 68, 102
middle-class African Americans, 123, 124, 131
middle-class women, 111, 114, 123
Milholland, Inez, 113, 114
military, art for. See armed forces, art for
military uniforms in art, 293–95
Millard, Geoff, 288
Millett, Kate: Naked Lady, 233
Mills, Ann, 227
miners and mining, 58, 103, 141
Minnesota Artists’ Union, 162
&nb
sp; Minor, Robert, 101, 103, 106
Mirror of Slavery (moving panorama), 35–36, 37, 38, 311n6
Mississippi, 193, 195, 196–98
Mitchell, Robin, 227
mock beauty pageants, 225, 226
Mohawk people, 2–3, 4
money-scattering actions, 256–57
Monroe, Gerald M., 160, 328n4
Montana, 54, 56–59, 330n6
Montgomery, Hugh, 12, 17
monuments, 39–40, 43–47, 313n11
African American, 312n1, 313n12
Baldwin Park, California, 278, 279–85, 281
bombing, defacement, etc., 76, 77, 83
Chicago and suburbs, 70, 71, 73–85, 74, 76, 81, 83
interactive, 316n11
Moore, Amzie, 193, 195
Morante, Rafael, 205
Morozumi, Greg Jung, 206
Morris, Robert, 216, 217
mosaics, 78, 78
Moses, Bob, 193, 195, 196, 333n22
Mother Art, 231
Mother Jones. See Jones, Mary Harris “Mother”
Mountain Eagle and His Family of Iroquois Indians (Riis), 66
“mourning wars,” 306n19
moving panoramas, 33–34, 33, 35–36, 37, 38
municipal art centers. See community art centers
Münzenberg, Willi, 137
murals, 146, 155, 161, 177, 245, 279
Chicano, 250, 338n7, 338n10, 339n16
Mexican, 147
on foot, 246–47, 246, 284–85, 284, 285
parodies, etc., 246–47, 246, 247–48, 248
murder, 186, 193, 197, 205, 206, 239–41, 244. See also lynching
museums, xi–xii, 158, 299, 305n1
African American artist treatment, 170
Art Workers’ Coalition (AWC) and, 216–17
Gamboa on, 339n29
Los Angeles, 231, 249, 250, 339n29
rental policy (proposed), 162, 216
Toche on, 223
women’s meager representation, 231
See also Metropolitan Museum of Art; Museum of Modern Art (MoMA)
Museum of Modern Art (MoMA), 211–17, 213, 215, 219, 220–23, 329n19, 336n30
My Lai massacre, 214, 220–23
NAACP. See National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)
Narragansett people, 306n13
National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA), 111–12, 114, 115, 116, 119, 321n5
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), 121, 123, 126, 127, 128, 130, 131, 133
in civil rights movement, 193, 332n4
exhibitions, 329n18
in COFO, 332n22
See also The Crisis
National Historic Landmark status, 83, 317n15
National Hunger March, 1932, 135
National Maritime Union, 163
National Photo Exchange, 138
National Recovery Administration (NRA), 136
National Woman’s Party (NWP), 111, 112, 114–20
Native American arts, xii, xx, 1–9. See also wampum belts
Native American health, 55–56, 57, 58
Native American political organization, 7–9