by Hugh Thomas
Ethiopia, 791
Christianity in, 51
slaves from, 10, 27, 28, 38, 41
Ettwein, John, 302
Eugenius IV, Pope, 64, 66
eunuchs, 34, 38, 43, 381n, 563, 789, 791
Euripides, 28
Everett, Alexander, 642, 748
Everett, Edward, 671, 755
Evora, Baltasar Jorge d’, 119
Ewbank (traveler), 632
Ewer, William, 508
Eximiae Devotionis (papal bull), 398
Expilly, Abbé, 252
Exponi Nobis, 109
Eyamba (Calabar ruler), 699
Eyckhout, Hendrickx, 172
Eyo, King of Calabar, 699, 700
Eyo Honesty II, 372
Eyo Nsa, 363
Ezpeleta, Joaquín de, 666
Faber, Paul, 684
Faber, Peter, 675
Fabié, Antonio María, 781–82
Falconbridge, Alexander, 309, 375, 496, 798
Falkner, Thomas, 326
Fame, 531, 543, 731–32
Faneuil family, 271
Fanny, 678
Fantôme, 720
Farmer, Jasper, 295
Farnham, Egbert, 767
Farrakhan, Louis, 12
Febos, Bartolomé, 165
Federalist, The, 501
Feijó, Minister (of Justice), 634
Ferdinand II (the Catholic), King of Aragon and Regent of Castile, 13, 14, 83, 87, 92, 93, 95, 98, 100, 166, 792
Ferdinand VII, King of Spain, 579, 590
Ferguson, Adam, 470, 483, 514
Fernandes, Damião, 117
Fernandes, João, 58
Fernandes, Valentim, 32, 47, 63–64, 315, 327, 334
Fernandes Vieira, João, 219
Fernández, Alejo, 112
Fernández Criado, Antonio, 760
Fernández de Alfaro, Luis, 90, 101
Fernández de Oviedo, Gonzalo de, 100, 103
Fernandina, Countess of, 644
Fernandina, Count of, 643
Fernando Po, 73, 652, 653, 658, 700–701
Fernán Núñez, Count of, 587, 599
Ferraz Correira (trader), 704
Ferreira, Antonio Joaquim, 682
Ferreira dos Santos, Joaquim, 631
Ferreira Gomes, Miguel, 631
Ferreira, José María de, 701
Ferrer, Andrea, 101
Ferrer, Jaume, 51
Ferrer, Jerónimo, 139
Ferrer, Ramón, 718
Ferrer de Couto, José, 781
feudal system, 35, 36
Figanière, César de la, 760
Figueira Bultão, Tomas, 219n
Figuerola, Laurent, 778
Fillmore, Millard, 729, 770
Findlay, Alexander, 680
Fisher, William, 302
Fitzgerald, Charles, 661
Fitzhugh, William, 208
Fletcher, John, 427
Fleuret, Adolphe, 675
Florida, 96, 157, 174, 343
British occupation of, 249, 274, 281–82
direct slave trade and, 281–82
illegal slave trade and, 568, 614, 615, 761
Flowery, Peter, 675
Foäche, Martin-Pierre, 276
Foäche, Stanislas, 276, 293, 302, 437
Foix, Queen Germaine de, 93
Fonseca, Captain, 718
Fontaine, Peter, 463
Font, Antonio, 647, 752
Foote, Andrew Hull, 728
Foote, Henry Stuart, 765
Forcade, Pierre, 647, 752
Foreign Office, British, 574, 589, 595, 715, 733, 735, 737, 741, 775, 780, 784
Foreign Slave Trade Bill of 1815, 590
Forest, Jean, 589
Forne, Domingo de, 99
Fornes, Vivaldo, 100
Forrest, Nathan Bedford, 570
Forster, Matthew, 677
Fortunat, Manuel, 763
Fortunée, La, 612
Foucault, René, 411
Foulkes, James, 205
Fouquet, François, 173, 411
Fouré, Nicolas, 392
Fox, Charles James, 13, 31, 493, 506, 507, 512, 514n, 517, 525, 529, 536, 538, 539, 553
Fox, George, 451, 458
Fox, Henry, first Lord Holland, 249
Fraley, Captain, 380
Frampton, William, 298
France, 34, 36, 37, 113, 121, 149, 155, 173, 191–93, 201, 231, 236, 264, 274–77, 283, 284, 286, 292, 333–34, 335, 338, 339, 340, 346, 354–55, 357, 360–61, 365, 388, 450, 514, 545, 592, 605, 651, 669, 672, 707, 728–29, 753, 768
abolition movement in, 452, 483–85, 496, 520–24, 531, 587–89, 622–28, 664, 786
American Revolution and, 275, 285
Brazil and, 106, 154
British abolition and slave trade of, 574–75, 583–87, 598
Caribbean colonies of, 173, 191–92, 210
Clarkson’s visit to, 520–21
Code Noir of, 474, 484, 505
“colonial system” of, 189
Great Britain and, 229–30, 627–28, 663–64
in Hispaniola, 191, 192
illegal slave trade and, 625–28
indentured servitude era and, 177–78
Loango settlement and, 276–77
Louisiana Territory and, 242–43, 548
and Napoleon’s revival of slave trade, 547–48
Paris Treaty of 1783 and, 274
Quintuple Treaty and, 663
resident blacks of, 145, 254, 303
royal galleys of, 194
Seven Years’ War and, 265–66, 272, 274
slave ships of, 305–6
slave trade abolished by, 621, 786
Spain’s slave trade treaty with, 227–29
sugar trade and, 275–76
triangular trade and, 153–54
universal emancipation declared in, 523–24
U.S. and, 619–20
Utrecht Treaty and, 250–51
Francis, David, 405
Francis, Sir Philip, 539
Francis, Tench, 312
Francis I, King of France, 106, 121
Franco, José Luciano, 784
François, François, 192
Franklin, Benjamin, 10, 269–70, 282, 462, 481, 486, 518
Franquesini, Cristobal, 103
Frazer, John, 713
Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor, 64
Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg, 224
Free Traders, 734–38
Freixas, Pablo, 699
French East India Company, 742
French Revolution, 520, 524, 530–31, 538
Frere, Bartle, 789
Fretwell, Ralph, 458
Freyre, Gilberto, 137, 732, 743n
Frezier, Amadée-François, 432
Frías de Albornoz, Bartolomé, 146, 147, 794
Frías y Jacott, Francisco, 779
Friedericius Quartus, 427
Frier, George, 267
Fromageu, Germain, 452
Froment, Captain, 579
Frossard, Benjamin, 496
Fry, Joseph, 678
Fryer, George, 342
Fulani Islamic jihad, 373
Fuller, John, 550, 555–56
Fuller, Stephen, 507
Furna, Francisco Fernandes de, 184
Furneaux, Robin, viscount, 13
Furnell, Peter, 269
Futa Jallon, empire of, 341, 342, 344, 683
Gabon, 247, 286
Gaceta de Madrid, 666
Gage, General Thomas, 480
Gallenga, A. N., 647
Gallieni, Joseph-Simon, 789
Galloway, Samuel, 271, 442
Galvão da Silva, Manuel, 706
Gama, Vasco da, 10, 82–83, 86
Gama Nunes, Antônio da, 219n
Gamarra, Esteban de, 212–13
Gambia, 323, 327, 338–39, 340, 680
Gambia Adventurers, 201, 204, 345
Gandy, Harry, 495
Garay, Francisco de, 100
Garbett, Samuel, 516
García, Antonio, 213–14
García, Diego, 96
García, Miguel, 147
García II, King of Congo, 172, 185
Garden of Noble Maidens, A (Córdoba), 71
Gardiner, Richard, 208
Gardner, Caleb, 300, 502, 520
Gardner, Ferdinand, 681
Gardner, John, 545
Garrido, Juan, 96
Garrison, William Lloyd, 660
Gascoyne, Bamber, 506, 508, 513, 516, 551
Gascoyne, Isaac, 551, 554
Gay, John, 241, 455n
Gebel-el-Tarik, 39
Gelele, King of Dahomey, 696, 777
General Act of Brussels of 1890, 789–90
General Council of the Church, 31, 37
Gennes, Jean-Baptiste de, 194
Gentleman’s Magazine, 468–69, 470
Geoffrin, Marie-Thérèse Rodet, Madame, 483
George I, King of England, 238, 244n, 292
George III, King of England, 13, 479, 481, 507, 530, 546
George IV, King of England, 676n
Georgia, 246, 272, 461, 462, 469, 481, 482, 519, 532n, 534, 544, 552, 568, 571, 615, 799
Géricault, Théodore, 679n
Germany, 25–27, 38, 252, 320–21
Gezo, King of Dahomey, 325, 399, 673, 694–95, 799
Ghent, Treaty of, 582, 592
Gibbon, Edward, 14, 27, 238, 466
Gibraleón, Antonio de, 118
Gibraleón, Rodrigo de, 118
Gil, Jaume, 41
Giles of Rome, 125
Gilligan, Manasses, 235, 238
Girón, Francisco Hernández de, 104
Gispert, Bernard, 41
Giuidicelly, Abbé, 623
Gladstone, William Ewart, 671, 724, 733, 735, 737, 738, 742, 798
Glasse, Hannah, 264
Glen, James, 268–69
Gloucester, William, duke of, 555, 564
Glückstadt Company, 223
Godfrey, Caleb, 328, 439
Godinho, Francisco, 633
Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 598, 624
Goethem, Frans van, 800
Golbéry, Meinhard Xavier, 383
gold, 13, 44–45, 52, 62, 69, 73, 78, 89, 92, 106, 118, 153, 154, 158, 159, 160, 190, 200, 201, 226, 227, 292, 323–24, 791, 792
in Brazil, 220–21
Gold Coast, 11, 72, 73, 77, 154, 159, 161, 171, 176, 183, 190, 197, 199, 202, 203, 205, 225, 228, 229, 231, 237, 244, 247, 252, 278, 319, 321, 324, 326, 328, 329, 331, 346–48, 352, 355, 371, 388, 526, 565, 612, 635, 739
Ashanti kingdom of, see Ashanti kingdom British slave ban and, 556
in 19th century, 691–94
predilection for slaves from, 400–402
slave labor outlawed in, 789
Goldsborough, Captain, 240
Gomes, Diogo, 66, 68–69
Gomes, Fernão, 72, 73, 74, 79
Gomes Bello, Domingos, 633
Gomes Reinel, Pedro, 141–43, 166
Gómez, Joaquín, 606, 607, 612n, 641, 644–45, 654, 662, 677
Gómez Angel, Melchor, 178
Gómez Barreto, Luis, 180
Gómez Havelo, Pedro, 583
Gonçalves, Antão, 54, 55, 58
Gonçalves Baldaia, Afonso, 54
Gonson, Benjamin, 155–56
Gonzales, Rui, 81
Gooch, William, 461
Goodhand, Marmaduke, 208
Goodson, William, 259
Gordon, Captain Nathaniel, 728, 774–75, 776
Gordon, Captain Sylvester, 774
Gordon, William, 205
Gore, Gerrard, 240
Gorée Island, 337–38, 379, 380, 680
Gorrevod, Lorenzo de, 98–99, 100, 102, 114, 301
Goss (slave trader), 556
Gouveia e Sotomayor, Francisco de, 130, 131
Gradis, David, 253, 299n, 338
Gradis family and firm, 299n, 338
Grafton, Joseph, 271, 295, 350, 534
Grafton, Joshua, 271, 350, 534
Grain Coast, 52, 69, 72, 153, 345
Gramaxo, Antonio, 166
Gramaxo, Antonio Núñez, 166
Gramaxo, Jorge Fernández, 166
Gramont (slave trader), 547
Grandpré, Louis de, 368, 399
grande route, la, 313–14
Granell, Berenguer, 75
Grant, Sir Alexander, 273, 276, 294, 300, 342, 444
Gray, Hiram, 740
Great Britain, 32, 36, 243–47, 249, 324, 370–71, 372, 374, 380, 449, 467, 573, 585, 638, 651, 654, 663, 680, 728–29, 746, 768
Act of 1807 of, 568
Act of Union of, 243n, 550n
Anglo-Spanish Treaty of 1818 and, 599–605
Anglo-Spanish Treaty of 1835
and, 654–55, 656, 750
anti-slavery legislation of, 482–83
and ban on import of slaves, 550–51
Brazilian (Slave Trade) Bill of 1842 of, 729–30
Brazilian nationalism and, 664–65
Bristol merchants of, 245–46
cotton industry of, 597
Cuba occupied by, 272–73
European view of abolition by, 598–99
France and, 627–28, 663–64
Free Trade group of, 733–37
Habeas Corpus Act of, 475
Jaruco mission to, 504–5
legality-of-slavery debate in, 469–75
Liverpool riots in, 283
Madrid Treaty and, 586–87
Netherlands’s abolition and, 611–12
North American colonies’ slave trade and, 258–60
numbers of slaves transported by, 244, 265–66, 275, 284, 541, 546–47
Paris peace conference and, 486–87
Paris Treaty of 1783 and, 274
Paris Treaty of 1815 and, 587
periodical press of, 468–69
and proposed U.S. annexation of Cuba, 753
Reform Bill of 1832 of, 650
runaway slaves in, 250
sale of black Africans in, 249–50
Second Treaty of Paris and, 587
Seven Years’ War and, 265–66, 272, 274
slave trade abolished by, 553–54, 556–57, 786
Somerset case and, 473, 476
Spain’s asiento treaty with, 235–37
sugar demand in, 262–64
in treaties with African monarchs, 653–54, 669–70, 672, 698–700, 736, 738–39, 770, 776–77
U.S. relations with, 660–64, 670–72
U.S. search treaty of 1861 with, 775–76, 785
Utrecht Treaty and, 235–37
War of Austrian Succession and, 266
War of 1812 and, 579, 582
see also England; Royal Africa Company; South Sea Company
Great House and Slave Quarters (Freyre), 137
Great Negro Trade Commission, Danish, 526
Greece, ancient, 25–29
slaves of, 41, 42
Green, Peter, 496
Grégoire, Père Henri-Baptiste, 496, 591, 623
Gregory, George, 490, 492
Gregory XVI, Pope, 666
Gregory of Tours, 34
Gregson, William, 515
Grenada, 173, 274, 343, 745n Grenville, George, Lord, 510, 552, 554–57, 591
Grey, Charles, Earl, 529, 585, 733, 736
Grigg, Jacob, 499
Grillo, Domingo, 212–13, 215, 301
Grosvenor, Thomas, 525
Grou, Guillaume, 266
Grou family, 251, 253
Grüben, Otto von der, 343
Guadalupe Hidalgo, Treaty of, 642
Guadeloupe, 173, 185, 187, 191, 192, 229, 250, 272, 548, 584, 595, 622, 626, 691
English occupation of, 273–74
Guatemala, 103, 239
Guazo, Manuel, 607
Guëll, Joan, 657
Guerega, Countess of (wife of General Leopoldo O’Donnell), 749
Guerra, Cristóbal, 90
Guesler,
Enrique, 101
Guidette, Giovanni, 85
Guidette, João, 85
Guillon, N. H., 305
Guimarães, Antonio, 633
Guinea, 12, 28, 38, 41, 44, 45–46, 51, 52, 55, 60, 64, 66, 74, 82, 99, 106–7, 111, 115, 117, 153, 158, 160, 176, 200, 222, 223, 227, 252, 257, 319, 323, 339, 341, 343, 402, 563
Guinea-Bissau, 117, 339
Guinea Company, 175, 176, 194, 197, 198, 236, 243, 250
Guipúzcoa (Caracas) Company, 267
Guizot, François, 623, 664
gum trade, 565, 679
Guridi y Alcocer, José Miguel, 579–80
Gustavus II Adolphus, King of Sweden, 172
Gutiérrez, Alonso, 99
Gutiérrez, Juan, 101
Guy, Thomas, 241
Guyana Company, 277
Gwynn, Charles, 269
Gypsies, 299
Habeas Corpus Act of 1679, 475
Hadrian, Emperor of Rome, 29, 31
Hagan, Lieutenant, 612
Haiti, 191, 193, 544, 548
Hakam I, Al-, Caliph, 39
Hakam II, Al-, Caliph, 39
Hale, David, 774
Halifax, Charles Montagu, first earl of, 238–39
Halifax, George Montagu Dunk, second earl of (of the second creation), 467
Hall, Nathan, 770
Hallet, John, 475
Hamel brothers, 192
Hamilton, Baillie, 721, 758–59
Hamilton, Paul, 569
Hammond, James Henry, 660
Hammond, John Hayes, 764
Hancock, Professor David, 10
Handasyd, Lieutenant-Governor of Jamaica, 230
Handel, George Frederick, 244
Hanger, John, 241
Hanly family, 248
Hanna, John E., 770
Hannibal 390, 394, 400, 417, 418
Hanno (Carthaginian general), 48, 53
Harding, Captain, 425–26
Hardman, John, 248, 300
Hardware, Henry, 326
Hardwicke, Philipe Yorke, first earl of, 474, 475
Hardy, J., 721
Hare, 311, 439
Harley, Robert, 235, 237, 238
Harper, Robert Goodloe, 690
Harrison, Dr., 571
Harrison, George, 492n
Harrison, Joseph, 404
Hart, Philip, 299
Hartley, David, 478, 486
Hausas, 402, 562, 611
Havana (Thomas), 10
Hawk, 424–25
Hawkesbury, Charles Jenkinson, first lord (later first earl of Liverpool), 504, 507, 509, 555, 591
Hawkins, John, 12, 155, 156–58, 175, 219, 280–81, 344
Hawkins, Joseph, 308, 407–8
Hawkins, William, 154
Haynes, Samuel, 774
Healing of a Possessed Man (Carpaccio), 72
Heard, Betsy, 342
Heathfield, George Eliott, first lord, 509
Hecuba (Euripides), 28
Heine, Heinrich, 612
Henderson, Admiral, 744
Henderson, John, 661
Henniker, John (later first lord Henniker), 514
Henriques, Moses Joshua, 299
