Hungry City: How Food Shapes Our Lives
Page 43
Flatford Mill, 46
Fletcher, John: The Faithful Shepherdess, 24
Flipo, Emmanuel, 146
Florence, 71, 72
Florida, 36, 259
fodder crops, 25
Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), 8–9, 98, 101
Food Hygiene Mission Control programme, 197–8
food labels, 262
Food Lovers’ Fair, 109
food security, 99–102
food sovereignty, 311
Food Standards Agency, 198, 262
Food Strategy (London), 149
Ford, Henry, 59
forest, 9–10, 17–18, 20, 43
Forsyth, Hazel, 227
Fortune magazine, 192
Forum (Forum Romanum), Rome, 15, 122
Forum Holitorium, Rome, 121–2
Foucault, Michel, 133
Foul Burn, Edinburgh, 255
Fourier, Charles, 296, 301, 302
Fowler, Charles, 129
Fragonard, Jean Honoré, 30
France, 21, 28, 29–31, 80–3, 106, 107, 141, 175, 216, 223, 238–9, 276–7
cooking, 172, 173, 174, 194, 195
Francis I, King, 223
Frankenfoods, 243
Frankfurt kitchen, 186–7
Franks, 19–20, 21
Frederick, Christine, 184–5, 186
Household Engineering, 184–5
‘freegans’, 270
free trade, case for, 87–9
French Revolution, 83, 131, 174, 223, 231
Friends of the Earth: Calling the Shots, 142
From Kitchen to Garret, 174–5
Fulham, London, 116
Fuller, Thomas, 69
Future of Food, The (film), 48
Galileo, 264
Garcia, Deborah Koons, 48
Garden Cities, 299–302
Garden Cities Association, 300, 320
Gardeners’ Company, 252
Gaul, 73
Geddes, Patrick, 317–18
General Mills, 191, 192
genetic modification (GM), 47–8
Geneva, 30
Gennevilliers, 277, 280
George III, King, 28, 296
George Hill, Cobham, 294
Germania, 17, 50
Germans/Germanic tribes, 17, 18
Germany, 21, 32, 67, 141, 186–7, 194, 229
germ theory, 177–8, 183
Gershwin, Ira, 215
Ghost Town Britain (report), 113
Giraffe, 240
Girardet, Herbert: Cities, People, Planet, 259
Glasgow, 135
Glasse, Hannah, 237
The Art of Cookery Made Plain and Easy, 174
GLC (Greater London Council), 108
Glorious Revolution, 173
Golden Delicious apples, 57, 60
GM (genetic modification), 47–8
Gorleston, 69
Goths, 19–20
grain, 10–12, 14–16, 32, 38–9, 101–2
supply, 67, 72–3, 75, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81–3, 84
Grampian Foods, 65
Grange, Neil, 289
Granny Smith apples, 60
Greater London Council (GLC), 108
Great Fire (1666), 228, 252
Great Plains, 39
Great Stink (1858), 256, 257
Great Western Railway, 90
Greece, 74, 217, 278–9 see also Greeks/ancient Greece
Greeks/ancient Greece, 14–15, 124, 213–14, 271 see also Athens
Green, Henrietta, 109
Greenwich, London, 90
Greenwich Village, New York, 115
Grimod de la Reynière, 158, 231
Almanach des Gourmands, 231
grocers, 133–6
Gropius, Walter, 188
Gros Michel bananas, 101
Gruen, Victor, 103, 137–8, 140, 144, 145
Guild of Handicrafts, 299
Gummer, John, 141, 150
‘Gummer effect’, 141
Gutierrez, Alejandro, 287, 288
Haber-Bosch process, 50
Habermas, Jürgen, 229
Habsburgs, 223
Haggadah, 207–8
Haito, Bishop, 294
Hamburg, 79
hamburgers, 234–5, 236–7
‘Hamburger University’, 236
Hameau de la Reine, Le, Versailles, 30
Hammersmith, London, 116
Hampton, 146–7
Hampton Court, 256
Hand, Kevin, 159, 160, 161, 162
Hanseatic League, 78–9
Harbor Place, Baltimore, 110
Harold, King, 20
Harvey, William, 264
Hastings, Battle of, 20
Haughley, Suffolk, 39
Haussmann, Baron Georges, 265–6, 275
Havana, 313, 314
Hazlitt, William, 176
Heasman, Michael, 95
Heathrow, 151
Heffernan, Bill, 61
Heinberg, Richard, 50
Hellespont, 72
Hemel Hempstead, 65
Henley-on-Thames, 84
Henri IV, King, 128
Henry VII, King, 85
Henry VIII, King, 223, 292
Herodotus, 220
Hesiod, 16
Hesperides, 293
Hewett, Samuel, 69
high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS), 243
Highgate, 29
High Street Britain 2015 (report), 62
Hinduism, 9
Historia Augusta, 273
Hodgson, Randolph, 109
Hoffman (chemist), 256, 259
Hogarth, William: Morning, 129
hogs see pigs
Homer, 14–15, 214
Horkesley Park Heritage and Conservation Centre, 46
Horticultural Society, 58
Hoskins, Rob, 323
house design, 171–2, 178–9, 180, 182–3, 184, 186–9, 192–3, 195–7
House of Commons, 93, 256, 296
Select Committee, 279
Housing Space Standards, 197
Houston, Texas, 244
Howard, Ebenezer, 299–302, 318, 319, 320
Garden Cities of Tomorrow, 299, 300, 301
Tomorrow: A Peaceful Path to Real Reform, 300
Howard Johnson restaurant chain, 233–4
Hugo, Victor, 35, 247, 260, 265, 276
Les Misérables, 276
Hungary, 67, 79, 144
Huns, 18
hunting, 17, 19–20
Ice Age, 11
identity, food in relation to, 236–9
IGD (Institute of Grocery Distribution), 66
India, 47, 48, 89, 101, 117, 215, 274
Indiana, 36, 296
Indians, American, 37 see also Native Americans
industrial farming, 3–4, 8, 31–5, 43–4, 48–50
Industrial Revolution, 237
Ingram, Edgar, 234
Inns of Court, 203, 205, 206, 214
Institute of Grocery Distribution (IGD), 66
Ireland, 278–9, 323
Islington, 68, 132
Italy, 21–2, 28, 67, 141, 170, 172, 173, 194, 195, 216, 217, 218, 238–9
Jacobs, Jane, 115–16, 145, 147
The Death and Life of Great American Cities, 115
Jefferson, Thomas, 296
Jeffrey, Madhur, 216
Jainism, 9
Jamaica, 85, 98
James II, King, 173
Japan, 215
Jefferson, Thomas, 27
Jericho, 13
Jerrold, William: Epicure’s Year Book and Table Companion, 232
Jews, 207–9
Johnson, Samuel, 86
Jones, Inigo, 128
Jordan, River, 13
Jubilee Line, 109
Juvenal, 169
Kansas, 102, 234
Kaplan, Stephen, 81
Kemp, Barry, 77
Kensington, London, 23
Kensington Gardens, 40
Kent, 120, 319
Ken
tucky Fried Chicken, 238
Kerr, Robert, 179
Kinsale, 323
kitchen, the, 153–200
kitchen ranges, 180–1
Klein, Naomi: No Logo, 241
Knights Templar, 205
Koenigsburg, 126
Kroc, Ray, 234–6
Krushchev, Nikita, 193
land, 1–52
land ownership, 18–21, 25–7
Lang, Tim, 95
Langland, William: Piers Plowman, 222
Larsa, 13
Latimer, Hugh, Bishop of Worcester, 24
La Varenne: La Cuisinier François, 173
Lawrence, Felicity, 98
Lea, River, 84, 253
Leadenhall, 120
Le Corbusier, 187–8, 189, 302–3, 305
Vers un Architecture, 188
Villa Stein-de Monzie, 189, 189
Ville Contemporaine, 302–3, 303
Ville Radieuse, 303
Lefebvre, Henri, 22
Leicester, 322
Lent, 125, 127, 210
Leroux, Pierre, 276
Les Halles, Paris, 108–9, 131
Letchworth, 302
Levenstein, Harvey: Paradox of Plenty, 191, 236
Leverhulme, Lord, 300
Liebig, Justus von, 38, 39, 47, 254, 255, 274, 276
Lieferantzkauf, 80
Lihotzky, Grete, 186, 187, 190
Limehouse, 257
Lipton, Thomas, 135–6, 137
Lipton’s Tea, 136
Lithuania, 79
Liverpool, 90
livestock, 5–6, 8–9, 25, 30, 32–4, 43, 51, 67–8, 119, 131–3, 267
Livestock Revolution, 8
Livingstone, Ken, 149, 151
Lloyd, Edward, 228
Lloyd’s of London, 228
Locke, John, 26–7, 294
Two Treatises of Government, 26–7
Logue, Edward J., 109, 110
Loi Royer (1973), 141
London
‘Dig for Victory’ campaign, 312–13
eating and drinking, 203–6, 226–30, 232, 239, 240, 241–2
food supply, 68–70, 73, 83–7, 88–9, 89–90, 91–3, 94
kitchens and cooking, 154, 155–8, 168, 168–9, 177, 196
and the land, 7, 23, 24, 28
markets and supermarkets, 105–11, 116–17, 118–20, 121, 128–30, 131–3, 143, 148–9, 150–1
waste, 249–59, 265
London Bridge, 84, 90, 108, 119, 120
London Development Agency, 148
Lord Mayor’s Banquet, 202
Lorenzetti, Ambrogio, 52
The Allegory and Effects of Bad Government, 22
The Effects of Good Government on City and Country, 2, 21–2
Louis XIV, King, 83, 173, 223
Louis XV, King, 83
Louis XVI, King, 83
Low Countries, 21
Lübeck, 78–9
Ludlow, 321
Lynn’s Pippin apples, 57
Lyons, 116
McDonald’s, 195, 234, 235–6, 238, 243, 245
Madrid, 72
MAFF (Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food), 58
Maidstone, 84
Maison Citrohan, 188
malls see shopping malls
Malthus, Thomas Robert, 273–4, 276
Essay on the Principle of Population, 273
Manchester, 90
manners, table, 214–16, 217–20
Marché Monge, Paris, 107
Marie-Antoinette, 30
Marie de Medici, 121
markets, 105–11, 118–33, 148–9, 150–1, 152
Marks & Spencer (M&S), 65, 158, 159, 163, 194
Count on Us range, 159
M&S Cook! range, 198
Martial, 272
Martin, John, 257
Martino, Maestro: Libro de Arte Coquinaria, 173
Marx, Karl, 296, 297–8, 300, 301
Communist Manifesto, 298
Massachusetts, 35
Mayhew, Henry, 265
meals see eating and drinking
mealtimes, 224–6
meat, 3–4, 5–6, 8–9, 32–4, 43, 67–8, 131–2, 175, 176–7, 267
Mediterranean, 12, 73, 84, 194, 224, 255
Melba, Dame Nellie, 155
Memphis, 136
Mercat de la Boquería, Barcelona, 152
Mesopotamia, 12, 13, 76, 167, 271
Metropolitan Board of Works, 249, 256–7
Michelson, Patricia, 199
Middle Temple Hall, 203–6
Middle Temple Inn, 203
Midlands, 84
Midwest, 32
Mies van der Rohe, Ludwig, 188
milk, 69–70, 91–2, 93–4, 95–6, 98
Milk Control Board, 93
Mill, John Stuart, 311
Mille, A., 276, 277
Minet (traiteur), 230
Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (MAFF), 58
Ministry of Food, 94
Minnesota, 137–8
Mintel, 195
MIT, 183
Modernism, 187–9, 302–3
Monbiot, George: Captive State, 97
Monopolies and Mergers Commission, 93
Monsanto, 41, 47–8, 309
Monster Raving Loony Party, 42
Mons Testaceus, Rome, 272
Montaigne, 211
Moore, Jane, 3, 4
More, Sir Thomas, 291–2, 300, 301, 302
Utopia, 291–2
Morley, Elliot, 100
Morris, William, 298–9, 300, 301, 302, 312
News from Nowhere, 298
Mozambique, 98
Muir, John, 35–7
Muller, Paul Hermann, 40
Muslims, 209–10
Mussolini, Benito, 121
MVRDV (architects), 315–16
Napoleon I, 296
Napoleon III, 277
National Fruit Collections see Brogdale
Native Americans, 27 see also Indians, American
nature, 16–17, 35–7
Neal’s Yard Dairy, 109
Neat House Garden, Chelsea, 252–3
Necker, Jacques, 81
Nelson, George, 192–3
Nestlé, 94, 98
Nestle, Marion, 95
Netherlands/the Dutch, 25, 34, 79, 80, 316
New Covent Garden, 108, 148
New Economics Foundation, 113
Newgate, 119
Newham Council, 151
New Harmony, 296
New Jersey Supreme Court, 145
New Lanark, 295–6
New Model Army, 294
New Spitalfields, 148
Newton, Isaac, 175, 264
New York, 32, 110, 115, 137, 268
Nicholas I, Tsar, 232
Nile Delta, 11
Nippur, 13
Nixon, Richard, 193
Norfolk, 69, 119
Normans, 20
North Africa, 73, 259, 272
North Sea, 79, 259
obesity, 244, 245, 246
Observer, 267
Ogilby, John: map of City of London, 118, 118–19
Ohio River, 33
oil, 49–50
Old Testament, 16
Oliver, Jamie, 166
Orwell, George, 53, 169, 237–8
Down and Out in Paris and London, 169
The Road to Wigan Pier, 237–8
Ostia, 19, 75
Ottoman Empire, 79
over-eating, 242–4
Owen, Robert, 295–6, 300, 301, 302
Oxfam, 98
OXO company, 38
Padua, 104, 121, 122–3
Palazzo della Ragione (Il Salone), Padua, 104, 122–3
Palermo, 130
Palestine, 12–13
palm oil, 243
Panorama, 165–6
Paris
eating and drinking, 223, 229, 230–2
food supply, 61, 67, 72, 80–3, 87
local shops, 151
markets, 107, 108–9, 131, 148
Orwell’s description of hotel kitchen in, 169
waste, 265–6, 275, 276, 277
Parisian Royal Agricultural Society, 30
Parker, Barry, 302
Parliament, 25 see also House of Commons
Pasqua Rosee coffee house, London, 228
Passover, 207, 208
Pasteur, Louis, 183
pastoralism, 8, 24–5, 30
Pavlova, Anna, 155
Peabody, George, 180
Peak oil, 50
peasants, 20–21, 47, 122, 311
Peasants’ Revolt (1381), 130
Peel, Robert, 255
Penn, Admiral William, 85
Penn, William, 24
Pennine Foods, 159–62
Pennsylvania, 24
Pepsi, 243
Pepys, Samuel, 129–30, 227
permaculture, 309
Persia, 72
Peru, 238
pesticides, 40–1
Petrini, Carlo, 310, 320–1
Slow Food, 320–1
Petronius: Satyricon, 221
Philadelphia, 32
Philip Morris Co. Inc. (Kraft), 94
Piazza Montanara, Rome, 121–2
Picardy, 81
Pig City project, 315–16, 317
Piggley Wiggly store, 136
pigs, 3, 17–18, 23, 33–4, 275, 280–1, 136
Pilgrim Fathers, 295
Pizza Express, 207
Place Royale (now Place des Vosges), Paris, 128
Plato, 171, 271, 291, 293, 300
Pliny the Younger, 19, 221, 254
Plunkett, Mrs H.M.: Women, Plumbers and Doctors, or Household Sanitation, 183–4
Pnyx Hill, Athens, 15
Poland, 67, 79–80, 144
Policy Commission on the Future of Food and Farming, 42
Political Register, 28
politics
and dining, 220–3
and markets, 122–5