Jonathan Swift: His Life and His World
Page 65
Notting Hill (London), 114
novel (genre), 276, 358, 361
Nuttall, A. D., 522n39
obscenity, 443–44, 450
obsessive-compulsive disorder, 69–70
Occasional Reflections upon Several Subjects (Boyle), 106
occupatio (rhetorical device), 54
October Club, 253
Ode to the Athenian Society (Swift), 83–84, 90, 245
Ode to the Honorable Sir William Temple (Swift), 82, 86
Ode to the King (Swift), 83
Odyssey (Homer), 80
Of the Education of Ladies (Swift), 427–28
Ogle, Lord, 255
Old Sarum (rotten borough), 157
On the Death of Mrs. Johnson (Swift), 406
On the Words “Brother Protestants” and “Fellow Christians,” So Familiarly Used by the Advocates for the Repeal of the Test Act (Swift), 456
Orangemen (northern Ireland), 31
Order of the Garter, 196, 370
original sin, traditional symbolism of, 376
Orkney, Lady, 65, 224, 229
Ormonde, Duke of, 159, 181, 223, 225, 257; high treason charge against, 289; Ormonde family, 17, 18, 225
Orrery, fifth Earl of (John Boyle), 426–27, 439, 456, 464
Orrery, first Earl of (Roger Boyle), 37, 53, 54, 58, 87, 153, 358, 416; on regularity of Swift’s life, 360; on Stella’s parentage, 55–56; on Swift’s angry outbursts, 326; on Swift’s aversion to kings, 66; on Swift’s caustics, 141; on Swift’s characterization of Yahoos, 376; on Swift’s grief at Stella’s death, 409–10; on Swift’s Irish rights pamphlet, 343; on Swift’s “seraglio,” 312; on Swift’s standards for servants, 274; Swift-Stella rumored marriage and, 318
Orrery, Lady, 360, 391
Orwell, George, 3, 157; rules for good prose, 209–10
Osborne, Dorothy (Lady Temple), 39, 40, 42, 55
O’Toole, Peter, 410
Oudenarde, battle of (1708), 169, 246
Ovid, 449; Metamorphoses, 160, 184
Oxford, first Earl of (Robert Harley), 173–74, 175, 196, 246; alcoholism of, 200, 264; assassination attempts on, 201–4, 246–47; Bolingbroke conflict with, 253, 259–60, 264–65, 288; broken promises of, 259; impeachment of, 289; October Club motto against, 253; personal traits of, 197–98, 199, 200, 259, 264, 291; political outlook of, 253; Pretender and, 288; Queen Anne’s dismissal of, 264, 265; raise to peerage of, 204, 291; retention of title of, 293, 383; slave trade and, 252; Swift’s deanery quest and, 256–57; Swift’s poem about, 260–61; Swift’s relationship with, 194, 197, 198, 200, 202–4, 205–6, 212, 217, 254, 259–62, 289–90; Tory leadership and, 174, 175, 194–204, 207, 249, 251, 252, 262, 263, 264; Tower imprisonment of, 289–90, 291; Whig retaliation against, 286, 289; wit of, 207
Oxford, second Earl of (son), 197, 261, 290, 303–4, 390
Oxford Cathedral, 64
Oxford English Dictionary: “conscious” definition, 240; “harl” definition, 253; “modernism” citation, 134; “sluttery” definition, 234
Oxford University, 87–88, 176, 181, 182, 264, 390; Harleian Miscellany bequest to, 197; Swift M.A. degree from, 70–71
Palmerston, Viscount, 91
Pamela (Richardson), 417
Panegyric on the Dean, A (Swift), 445
Pantagruel (Rabelais), 134
Paradise Lost (Milton), 62, 241
Parallel between the Ancients and Moderns (Perrault), 87
Parkes, Colonel, 168
Parliament, 88, 127, 156–59, 341; Ireland’s status and, 343; powers of, 12, 32, 128, 157; South Sea Bubble and, 339; supremacy of, 32, 66, 126, 128; theoretical equality of houses of, 156–57; war funding and, 169. See also House of Commons; House of Lords
Parliament, Irish. See Irish Parliament
Parnell, Thomas, 207, 264; A Night Piece on Death, 207
parody, 106–7, 136, 188–89
Partition Treaty, 128
Part of the Seventh Epistle of the First Book of Horace Imitated (Swift), 260–61
Partridge, John, 188–90
Pascal, Blaise, Pensées, 149
Pastoral Dialogue between Richmond Lodge and Marble Hill, A (Swift), 396
pastoral poetry, 123; anti-pastorals and, 120–24, 445, 448
Patrick (Swift servant), 221–22, 274, 298
Paul, St., 76, 145, 467
peerage, 157, 159, 165, 172–73; power of Swift’s pen and, 223; Queen Anne’s creation of new members of, 251–52, 255. See also House of Lords
Pembroke, Earl of, 159, 163
Penal Code (anti-Catholic laws), 345–46
Pendarves, Mary, 429–31, 429
Pensées (Pascal), 149
Pepys, Samuel, 18, 120, 121, 268
Percival, William, dean of Emly, 301–2
Perils among False Brethren (Sacheverell sermon), 192
Perrault, Charles, Parallel between the Ancients and Moderns, 87
Peterborough, Earl of, 263, 393–94
Philaris. See Epistles of Philaris
Philips, Ambrose, 176, 232, 242
phrenology, 471, 472
Piccadilly (London), 117
Pilkington, Laetitia, 13–14, 69, 180, 428, 431–33, 431; on Delany’s hospitality, 280–81
Pilkington, Matthew, 274, 431, 433
Pincus, Steve, 32
Pindar, 82, 85
Pittis (pamphleteer), 190
Place of the Damned, The (Swift), 455
Plato: Republic, 373, 378, 487n41; Symposium, 285
Plumb, J. H., 288, 291
Poddle river, 267–68, 471
Poe, Edgar Allan, 52
politics. See English politics; Irish rights; Tories; Whigs
Pollak, Ellen, 509n18
Pons, Émile, 499n6
Poor Laws (1662), 423
Pope, Alexander, 41, 86, 383–92, 389, 403, 415, 417, 419, 437, 445; on Arbuthnot, 243; background/achievements of, 244–45; Bolingbroke and, 383; Catholicism of, 205, 244, 245, 382; dining habits of, 392; Gay and, 384–85, 425, 426; on Grub Street “hacks,” 135, 387; Gulliver’s Travels and, 358, 365, 370, 372, 377, 378; literary acclaim for, 245; memorial to wet nurse of, 12–13; Montagu reference to, 451; on originality of Swift’s writings, 358; on Oxford’s awkward communication, 197; personal mythology created by, 383; physical handicaps of, 245; politics and, 287, 292, 293; proverbial verse lines of, 386; satiric poems on Walpole of, 292; Scriblerus Club and, 245–46; South Sea stock and, 339, 340–41; Swift correspondence publication and, 461–62; on Swift’s admiration for Rabelais, 134; on Swift’s character depictions, 397; on Swift’s eyes, 25–26; Swift’s friendship with, 16, 17, 178, 244, 266, 271, 291, 382–83, 386, 390–92, 428, 461–62; on Swift’s stay with Geree, 264; Swift-Stella relationship and, 318, 389–90; tuberculosis of, 189–90, 245; Twickenham villa of, 382–83, 382, 387, 389; verse tribute to Henrietta Howard by, 394–95; works of: The Dunciad, 246, 387, 390, 392; Epistle to Dr. Arbuthnot, 245; An Essay on Criticism, 386; Essay on Man, 383; Miscellanies (with Swift), 381, 384, 392; The Rape of the Lock, 244, 447; Works, 244–45
Portland, Earl of, 66
Portsmouth, Duchess of, 30, 65
Post Boy (pro-Tory paper), 233, 234
Postman (periodical), 4, 217
Poyning’s Law (1495), 343
practical jokes, 106–7, 187–90, 305
prebendaries, 73–78, 80, 92, 100–101, 173, 271; salary of, 63, 75
predestination doctrine, 137–39
Predictions for the Year 1708 (Swift), 188–90
Presbyterianism, 17, 18, 23, 144, 435, 440; Church of Ireland tithes and, 74–75; as Scotland’s established Church, 162–63; Scottish settlers in Ireland and, 74–75; Swift attack on, 456; Test Act and, 155, 456; Whig name origin and, 126; work ethic and, 75
Pretender (James III), 126, 262, 286, 345; Atterbury negotiations with, 294, 295; Bolingbroke/Oxford negotiations with, 201–2, 288–89; reward for apprehension of, 264. See also Jacobites
primogeniture, 83, 156, 346
Prior,
Matthew, 202, 207, 217, 223, 249, 250, 251
Privy Purse, comptroller of, 248
Progress of Beauty, The (Swift), 447–48
Project for the Advancement of Religion, and the Reformation of Manners, A (Swift), 213–14
property. See landowners
Proposal for Correcting, Improving, and Ascertaining the English Tongue, A (Swift), 212–13
Proposal for Giving Badges to the Beggars in All the Parishes of Dublin, by the Dean of St. Patrick’s, A (Swift), 421–23
Proposal for the Universal Use of Irish Manufacture, A (Swift), 342–44
prostitutes, 141, 328, 447–48, 453
Protestant Ethic and the Rise of Capitalism, The (Weber), 75
Protestantism, 3, 11–12, 18, 21, 22, 31, 140, 442; northern Ireland and, 74, 75. See also Anglican Church; Church of England; Church of Ireland; Dissenters; Presbyterianism; Puritans
Proverbs, book of, 339, 419
Psalm 106, 342
Public Spirit of the Whigs, The (Swift), 262, 353
Pun on Dr. Swift, D.S.P.D., Proving Him Immortal, A (anonymous), 423
puns, 27, 159–60, 171, 223, 285
Purchas, Samuel, 358
Puritans, 11, 17, 136, 380; Swift’s Tale of a Tub allegory and, 135–36, 137–39, 144; Whig roots and, 126
Queensberry, Duchess of, 392
Quilca (Sheridan country house), 302–8, 303
Quilca, A Country House in No Very Good Repair, Where the Supposed Author and Some of His Friends Spent a Summer in the Year 1725 (Swift), 304
Rabelais, François: Gargantua, 134; Pantagruel, 134
Rackham, Arthur, Gulliver’s Travels illustration, 368, 368, 369
Radnor, Lord, 223
raillery, 433; definition of, 186
Ramillies, battle of (1706), 169
Rape of the Lock, The (Pope), 244, 447
Rathbeggan parish (Ireland), 98, 99
Rawson, Claude, 134, 142, 364, 378
Raymond, Anthony, 258
reason, 37, 142, 372, 377
Receipt to Restore Stella’s Youth, A (Swift), 404–5
Relation of Some Years Travaille, through Divers Parts of Asia and Africke, A (Herbert), 358
religion: conformity and, 151; established Church and, 74–75, 150, 162–63, 208, 282; sincerity of belief and, 147–50; social order and, 150–53, 208; Tale of a Tub allegory and, 135–36, 139–40, 142. See also Catholicism; Church of England; Church of Ireland; Dissenters; Presbyterianism; Puritans
Republic (Plato), 373, 378, 487n41
Restoration of 1660, 11, 17–18, 29, 126
Review of the State of the British Nation (periodical), 175
Revolution of 1688 (Glorious Revolution), 4, 29–32, 39, 63, 126, 128; curtailment of Catholic rights and, 151; historical significance of, 32; political implication of, 127
rhymes: to omitted personal names, 293, 450, 456, 457; Swift’s ear for, 386, 387
Richard III, king of England, 34
Richardson, Samuel, 46; Pamela, 417
Richelieu, Cardinal, 212
Richmond, Duke of, 30
Richmond Lodge, 394, 396
Richmond parish, 54
Ridgeway, Anne, 465, 466; on Swift’s last words, 467
Robinson Crusoe (Defoe), 175, 252, 361–62
Rochefoucauld, François, Duc de La, 160, 183, 237; Maximes, 183
Rochester, second Earl of (John Wilmot), 41, 107, 125, 141, 444
Rochfort, John (“Nim”), 301–2, 427
Rochfort, Robert, 299, 301–2
Rogers, Pat, 284
Rolt, Patty, 4, 217–18
romantic love, 237–39, 315, 316–17, 417
Romney, Lord, 452
Roper, Abel, 234
rotten boroughs, 157
Rotten Row (London), 117
Roubiliac, Louis-François, 471
roundheads. See Puritans
Rousseau, Jean-Jacques, 44
Rowe, Nicholas, 197
Royal Company of Comedians, 182
Royal Exchange, 170
Royal Navy, 268
Royal Society, 135
royalties, 135
rushlights, 276, 277
Sabellians, 149
Sacheverell, Henry, Perils among False Brethren sermon, 192
Saint Albans, Duke of, 39
St. Giles, church of, 380
St. James’s parish (London), 117
St. John, Henry. See Bolingbroke, first Viscount
St. John’s College, Oxford, 264
St. Martin’s in the Fields (London), 117
St. Patrick’s Cathedral (Dublin), 24, 72, 97, 267–74, 268, 348, 371; budget of, 268; bust of Swift in, 470, 471; choir, 269; choir stalls and altar, 269; deanery of, 271–74, 272; deanery servants of, 274–79; deans of, 159; flooding of, 471, 472; map of precincts of, 272; marshy site of, 267; McGee memorial plaque in, 278, 279; prebendaries at, 100–101, 271; Stella’s memorial tablet in, 408–9, 409; surrounding neighborhood of, 271; Swift and Stella brass plaque memorials in, 468, 469; Swift and Stella graves at, 50, 469; Swift as dean of, 2, 19–20, 147, 236, 257–61, 267–71, 365, 411, 415–20, 472; Swift prebendary at, 100–101; Swift’s administrative talent and, 267; Swift’s anxiety dream about, 403; Swift’s coinage regulation protest and, 461; Swift’s epitaph on wall plaque in, 469–71; Swift’s income at, 394; Swift’s movable pulpit, 270; Swift’s preaching at, 269–71, 290–91; Swift’s responsibilities at, 268–69
St. Patrick’s Hospital (Dublin), 416
St. Patrick’s Well, 267–68
St. Paul’s Cathedral (London), 64, 113, 114, 114, 123
St. Paul’s school, 18
St. Stephen’s Green (Dublin), 21, 22
St. Werburgh’s church (Dublin), 11, 58; Delany as vicar of, 280; Swift’s reputed baptism in, 9
Samuel, first book of, 353–54, 520n46
satire, 86, 106, 160, 193, 379, 387, 419–20; Battle of the Books, 86–89; “disgusting” poems, 448–49; Gulliver’s Travels, 293, 358, 370–72, 379, 381; hallmark of Swift’s, 134; London wits and, 245; Modest Proposal, 416; personal, 460; political, 255–56, 292–93; Swift’s defense of, 454; Swift’s description of, 107; Tale of a Tub, 140–41, 145, 370; on Test Act controversy, 152–53, 456–57
Satirical Elegy on the Death of a Late Famous General, A (Swift), 248–49
Savage, Arthur, 435
scatology, 443, 449–50, 451
Schakel, Peter J., 528n28
science, 24, 87, 135, 371–72
Scotland: Jacobite Rising in, 289; Presbyterianism and, 74, 126, 162–63; settlers in Ireland from, 11–12, 74; Swift’s hatred of, 75; Union with England (1707) of, 161–63, 192, 262
Scotland Yard (London), 117
Scott, Sir Walter, 7, 28, 67, 153, 386, 409; on Gulliver’s Travels universal appeal, 360; on Swift’s ability to ventriloquize, 106; on Swift’s ear for rhymes, 386; on Swift-Stella secret marriage rumor, 317, 318; third-hand description of Stella’s beauty and, 307
Scriblerus Club, 245–46
Seasonable Advice to the Grand Jury (Swift), 352–53
Second Stage of Cruelty, The (Hogarth), 118–19, 118
Secular Masque, The (Dryden), 92–93
Selden, John, 87
Sentiments of a Church of England Man (Swift), 212
Seven Years’ War, 376
sex, 137, 140, 229, 375, 444–45; coffee associated with, 328; excrement linked with, 452, 453; Gulliver’s Travels and, 365; Swift’s view of, 65–66, 81, 443–45, 451, 452–53
Shakespeare, William, 113
Sharp, archbishop of York, 257–58, 264
Sheen (England), 39, 54, 67, 107, 223, 382
sheep farming, 341
Shelley, Percy, 386
Shepherd’s Bush (London), 114
Sheridan, Elizabeth (née McFadden), 284, 302, 303
Sheridan, Richard Brinsley, 284
Sheridan, Thomas, 72, 75, 106, 283, 316, 317, 328, 333, 334, 352, 381, 391–92, 413, 437, 458; on Cadenus and Venus,
240; death of, 463–64; final breach with Swift of, 463–64; Irish background of, 284; move from Dublin of, 462; poems by, 304–5; punning and, 285; Quilca country house of, 302–6, 303; saving of Swift’s surviving sermons and, 271; school for boys of, 284; Stella’s impending death and, 400, 401, 403, 406; Stella-Swift relationship and, 307–8; as Stella’s will executor, 408; as subscriber to Swift’s collected writings, 461; on Swift’s chumminess with Irish country people, 281; Swift’s close friendship with, 279, 282–85, 303–4; on Swift’s conversation skills, 186; on Swift’s hidden inner life, 7; on Swift’s honors in Dublin, 411; Swift’s language games with, 424–25; on Swift’s political involvement, 206; on Swift’s religious pamphlet, 213–14; Swift visit (1735) to, 462–63; unhappy marriage of, 284; Vanessa-Swift correspondence publication blockage and, 334; wit and humor of, 282–83, 425
Sheridan, Thomas, the younger, 23, 32, 82, 97, 317, 333, 334, 468; as actor and biographer, 282, 284; on Bettesworth’s confrontation of Swift, 456–57; on father’s wit and humor, 282–83; Intelligencer and, 416–17; on Orrery’s flattery of Swift, 427; on Quilca country house, 302; on Stella-Swift rumored secret marriage, 406; Swift’s Cavan visit and, 462–63; on Swift’s practical jokes, 187; on Swift’s unpopularity as Tory, 287
Sheridan, William (bishop), 129–30
shingles, 219, 330
Short Character of His Excellency Thomas Earl of Wharton, A (Swift), 211
Shrewsbury, Duchess of, 217, 223
Sidney, Robert. See Leicester, Earl of
Sidney, Sir Philip, 87
Skibbereen (Ireland), 345
slang, 212
slave trade, 252, 419
Smedley, Jonathan, 279
Smith, Sydney, 62
Smollett, Tobias, The Expedition of Humphry Clinker, 444
snuff, 216, 224
Soar river, 34
Socians, 149, 153
Society for the Reformation of Manners, 214
Socrates, 285
Solomon, King (biblical), 339
Some Free Thoughts upon the Present State of Affairs (Swift), 265
Somers, John (Baron Somers), 130, 157, 158–60, 158, 172, 184
Somerset, Duchess of, 255–56, 265–66
Somerset, Duke of, 255, 266
Sophia, electress of Hanover, 125
Sophocles, 87
South, Dr. (Westminster prebend), 173
Southampton, Duke of, 30
South Sea Bubble, 170–71, 252, 338–41, 384; Gulliver’s Travels analogy with, 371, 522nn31, 33
Southwell, Sir Robert, 47, 60