MAGIC KOREAN: Mastering Korean for Beginners in 31 days
Page 7
What a diligent country!
피에르 근석 씨, 오늘 학원에 가요?
근 석 네, 영어 학원에 가요.
피에르 근석 씨, 영어 수업이 몇 시예요?
근 석 6시예요.
피에르 오후 여섯 시예요?
근 석 아니요, 오전 여섯 시예요.
피에르 오전 여섯 시요?
한국 사람 너무(too) 부지런해요(diligent)!
The Korean concept of time
한공주 피에르 씨, 무슨 일 있어요?
피에르 I am annoyed that 한국 여자 don’t keep appointments.
My ex-여자 친구 was like that and my current 여자 친구 is the same.
한공주 호호, I was also that kind of girl when I was younger.
피에르 You too? Why?
한공주 Being a little late is a kind of a rule in dating.
피에르 What?
한공주 If a 여자 comes on time it means that she likes 남자 more than he likes her.
피에르 I see. So being late just means that she’s hiding her affections.
But she still likes me.
한공주 Exactly. But things have been changing lately.
한국 여자 are also on time these days.
UNIT 12
불고기 2인분하고 소주 한 병 주세요. Two orders of bulgogi and a bottle of soju, please.
Function | Ordering food 2
Korean culture | Ordering in Korea
Let's Chat
Track 12
Geunseok treats Marie at a Korean restaurant.
근 석 불고기 2인분하고 소주 한 병 주세요. Two orders of bulgogi and a bottle of soju, please.
근 석 마리 씨, 맛있게 드세요.① Marie, please help yourself.
마 리 잘 먹겠습니다.② I will eat with pleasure.
… After eating…
마 리 잘 먹었습니다.③ Thank you so much for the meal. / I ate so well.
Huong is at a coffee shop.
흐 엉 아메리카노 한 잔하고 카페라테 한 잔 주세요.④ One americano and one caffe latte, please.
Huong is at a hamburger restaurant.
흐 엉 치즈버거 두 개하고 콜라 두 개 주세요.⑤ Two cheeseburgers and two Cokes, please.
VOCABULARY & EXPRESSIONS
소주 soju –하고 and
(KN)+개 item (KN)+잔 cup (SN)+인분 portion (KN)+병 bottle
맛있게 드세요[마싣께 드세요] Please, help yourself
잘 먹겠습니다[잘 먹껟씀니다] Everything looks so delicious / I will eat with pleasur
잘 먹었습니다[잘 머걷씀니다] Thank you so much for the meal / I ate so well
치즈버거 cheeseburger 콜라 Coke / cola
아메리카노 americano 카페라테 caffe latte
Just Follow Me!
● Learn more about this dialogue
① 맛있게 드세요.
맛있게 is ‘deliciously’ and 드세요 is ‘please take’. So, 맛있게 드세요 means ‘Please take deliciously’. You say this when you treat someone.
② 잘 먹겠습니다.
잘 is ‘well’ and 먹겠습니다 is ‘will eat something’. If you say 잘 먹겠습니다, it means ‘Thank you for treating me to this meal’. A person who is being treated to food says this. That’s why young people use it as a joke to mean ‘You pay!’.
③ 잘 먹었습니다.
먹었습니다 is ‘ate’. So 잘 먹었습니다 means ‘Thank you so much for the meal’.
It is important to say 잘 먹겠습니다 which means ‘I will gratefully receive’, before the meal, and 잘 먹었습니다 which means ‘Thank you for the meal’, after the meal.
④ 아메리카노 한 잔하고 카페라테 한 잔 주세요.
아메리카노 한 잔 is ‘a (cup of) americano’, –하고 is ‘and’ and 카페라테 한 잔 is ‘a (cup of) caffe latte’.
We use counting nouns like this when ordering in a cafe.
⑤ 치즈버거 두 개하고 콜라 두 개 주세요.
치즈버거 두 개 is ‘two cheeseburgers’ and 콜라 두 개 is ‘two Cokes’. So 치즈버거 두 개하고 콜라 두 개 주세요 means ‘Two cheeseburgers and two Cokes, please’.
Grammar
● Counting noun review
Choose numbers(Korean or Sino–Korean) that fit with the counting nouns being used.
Let’s review using the table below.
counting nouns that follow Korean numbers
개
item 시
o'clock 잔
cup 병
bottle 명 / 분
people 살
age
counting nouns that follow Sino-Korean numbers
원
won 분
minute 월
month 호
room number 층
floor 번
number
(in a series)
•사과 다섯 개 주세요. Give me 5 apples, please.
•소주 한 병 주세요. Give me one bottle of soju, please.
•사무실이 삼 층이에요. The office is on at the 3rd floor.
•몇 살이에요? How old are you?
몇 살이에요?
Unfortunately, your age is not a private matter in Korea. If you don’t want to reveal your age, you can answer 비밀이에요(It’s a secret). If you want to ask to older people this question, you should use the honorific expression 연세가 어떻게 되세요?. Also using 실례지만(Excuse me but …) before 연세가 어떻게 되세요? is more polite.
● noun + 하고 + noun : and
We use –하고 when we express the listing of various things or people. Be careful, there is no space between the first noun and 하고 but there is a space between 하고 and the second noun.
•햄버거하고 콜라 주세요. Please give me a hamburger and a Coke.
•햄버거 하나하고 콜라 한 잔 주세요. Please give me one hamburger and a cup of Coke.
•불고기 2인분하고 소주 한 병 주세요. Please give me two orders of bulgogi and a bottle of soju.
Additional Vocabulary LEVEL OF IMPORTANCE
★ ★ ★ ☆ ☆
과일 & 채소 Fruits and Vegetables
Track 12
바나나
banana
포도
grape
딸기
strawberry
수박
watermelon
참외
oriental melon
파인애플
pineapple
오렌지
orange
파
green onion
마늘
garlic
오이
cucumber
당근
carrot
상추
lettuce
사과
apple 배
pear 귤
mandarin 메론
melon 복숭아
peach 감
persimmon 토마토
tomato
망고
mango 블루베리
blueberry 양파
onion 배추
cabbage 감자
potato 고구마
sweet potato 콩
bean
Funny Episode
One portion? Two portions?
히로하고 흐엉 go to a 식당 that is famous for 수제비(flour-dumpling soup).
히 로 수제비 2인분 주세요.
Just as the bubbling-hot 수제비 comes out, 흐엉’s 전화 rings.
흐 엉 히로 씨, 먼저 드세요(Please eat first). I’ll just answer this and be right back.
흐엉 is away for a while, so 히로 begins to eat into the 수제비.
At last 흐엉’s call is finished, and she is surprised to see 히로 finishing the 수제비.
흐 엉 히로 씨, you must have been hungry!
히 로 와우, it’s so delicious, but 1인분 is too much!
흐 엉 히로 씨, 이게 2인분이에요. 2인분 are contained in a bowl.
히 로 Oh my! 그래요?
No wonder I feel like I am about to burst….
Refills of side dishes at Korean restaurants
마 리 근석 씨, 김치찌개 is very delicious.
Other 반찬(side dish) are delicious too, of course.
근 석 Aren’t they? Among the 식당 near our 학교, this is the best.
마 리 Unfortunately we’ve eaten up all our 반찬, though.
I want to eat more….
Are they expensive? Should we order more?
근 석 걱정하지 마세요(Don’t worry).
We can get as many refills of 반찬 as we want in 한국 식당. They are free!
마 리 Really? Free? Wow, that’s so great!
No extra cost and no tips.
한국 식당 owners must really have warm hearts!
UNIT 13
오늘 뭐 해요? What are you doing today?
Function | Asking about someone’s daily schedule
Korean culture | Coffee in Korea
Let's Chat
Track 13
Yuna asks Hiro about his daily life.
유 나 요즘 뭐 해요?① What do you do these days?
히 로 한국어(를) 공부해요.② I study Korean.
유 나 어디에서 공부해요?③ Where do you study?
히 로 학교에서 공부해요. I study at school.
Han Gongju asks Pierre about his schedule.
한공주 오늘 뭐 해요? What are you doing today?
피에르 친구(를) 만나요. I am meeting a friend.
한공주 어디에서 친구(를) 만나요? Where are you meeting your friend?
피에르 카페베네에서 친구(를) 만나요. I am meeting my friend at Cafe Bene.
Myomyo asks Geunseok about his schedule for tomorrow.
묘 묘 내일 뭐 해요?④ What are you doing tomorrow?
근 석 운동해요. I am going to exercise.
묘 묘 어디에서 운동해요? Where will you exercise?
근 석 공원에서 운동해요. I will exercise in the park.
VOCABULARY & EXPRESSIONS
요즘 these days 해요 do
요즘 뭐 해요? What do you do these days? / What are you doing these days?
공부해요 study 학교 school 친구 friend 만나요 meet 내일 tomorrow
운동해요 exercise / work out 공원 park
Just Follow Me!
● Learn more about this dialogue
① 요즘 뭐 해요?
요즘 is ‘these days’, 뭐 is ‘what’ and 해요 is ‘do’. So 요즘 뭐 해요? means ‘What are you doing these days?’.
② 한국어(를) 공부해요.
한국어 is ‘the Korean language’, –를 is an object marker and 공부해요 is ‘study’. So, 한국어를 공부해요 means ‘I study Korean’. In colloquial speech, object markers can be omitted.
③ 어디에서 공부해요?
어디 is ‘where’ and –에서 is a place marker. So, 어디에서 공부해요? means ‘Where do you study?’.
④ 내일 뭐 해요?
내일 is ‘tomorrow’. So, 내일 뭐 해요? means ‘What are you doing tomorrow?’. In Korean, we can use the present tense instead of the future tense in this situation. We will study the future tense later.
Grammar
● noun + 을 / 를 : object marker
We use an object marker –을 / –를 after the object noun of the sentence. This can be omitted in colloquial speech.
ending in a consonant + 을 ending in a vowel + 를
•한국말(을) 공부해요. I study Korean.
•김밥(을) 먹어요. I eat gimbap.
•친구(를) 만나요. I meet a friend / friends.
•커피(를) 마셔요. I drink coffee.
● place noun + 에서 : place marker
We use the place marker –에서 after the place noun of the sentence to express the place where something happens.
This is similar to prepositions like ‘on’, ‘at’ or ‘in’ in English.
We use –에서 before a verb, with the exception of 가요 and 있어요. As we saw in Unit 7, we use –에 with 가요 and 있어요.
•학교에서 공부해요. I study at school.
•스타벅스에서 친구를 만나요. I meet a friend / friends at Starbucks.
•삼성에서 일해요. I work at Samsung.
•구글에서 아르바이트해요. I work part-time at Google.
● Verbs
Korean verbs have root forms and sentence forms. If you want to make a sentence, you should change the root form into the sentence form.
First, let’s study informal polite endings. All Korean verbs end in –다. The verb form without 다 is called the verb stem.
1) If the verb stem ends in ㅏ or ㅗ, it takes –아요.
Verb stem ends in ㅏ vowel.
•가(다) go + 아요 → 가아요 → 가요
•만나(다) meet + 아요 → 만나아요 → 만나요
•살(다) live + 아요 → 살아요
Verb stem ends in ㅗ vowel.
•오(다) come + 아요 → 오아요 → 와요
•보(다) watch + 아요 → 보아요 → 봐요
When two vowels meet, we naturally contract them(i.e. 가아요 → 가요 , 오아요 → 와요).
2) If the verb stem ends in a vowel other than ㅏ or ㅗ, it takes –어요.
•먹(다) eat + 어요 → 먹어요
•마시(다) drink + 어요 → 마시어요 → 마셔요
When two vowels meet, we naturally contract them(i.e. 마시어요 → 마셔요).
3) If the verb ends in –하다, it takes –여요. And, all –하다 verbs change to –해요.
•공부하다 study → 공부하여요 → 공부해요
•일하다 work → 일하여요 → 일해요
•전화하다 call → 전화하여요 → 전화해요
When two vowels meet, we natually contract them(i.e. 공부하여요 → 공부해요).
● ㄷ irregular conjugation
ㄷ irregular conjugation change the ㄷ to ㄹ before vowels. This makes pronunciation convenient.
•듣다 listen → 듣어요 → 들어요
•걷다 walk → 걷어요 → 걸어요
•묻다 ask → 묻어요 → 물어요
•뭐 들어요? What do you listen?
Additional Vocabulary LEVEL OF IMPORTANCE
★ ★ ★ ★ ★
기본 동사 Basic verbs
root - informal polite form meaning
Track 13
가다 - 가요
to go
만나다 - 만나요
to meet
보다 - 봐요
to watch / to see
먹다 - 먹어요
to eat
듣다 - 들어요
to listen
전화하다 - 전화해요
to call
이야기하다 - 이야기해요
to talk
쇼핑하다 - 쇼핑해요
to do the shopping
파티하다 - 파티해요
to have a party
산책하다 - 산책해요
to take a walk
오다 - 와요
to come 마시다 - 마셔요
to drink
공부하다 - 공부해요
to study 일하다 - 일해요
to work
식사하다 - 식사해요
to have a meal 운동하다 - 운동해요
to exercise / work out
여행하다 - 여행해요
to trip / to travel 컴퓨터 하다 - 컴퓨터 해요
to do things on the computer
데이트하다 - 데이트해요
to go on a date 다이어트하다 - 다이어트해요
to be on a diet
Funny Episode
Marie having fun in Korea – a shoppers’ paradise
피에르 마리 씨, 오후에 뭐 해요?
마 리 쇼핑해요.
피에르 그럼, 주말(weekend)에 뭐 해요?
마 리 쇼핑해요.
피에르 항상(always) 쇼핑해요?
마 리 네, 밤에도(at night as well) 쇼핑해요.
한국은 정말(really) 쇼핑 파라다이스(paradise)예요.
피에르 What a poor boy your 남자 친구 is!