Harrison, George, 152, 180, 180n
Hart, George Overbury “Pop,” 168n
Hart, Moss, 57, 58
Hatcher, Tom, 263
Hatterer, Dr. Lawrence J., 229, 230
Hattoy, Bob, 331
Hauser, Rita, 149
Hawaii: and gay marriage, 340
Hawkins, Ashton, 173
Hay, Harry, 123, 315
Hays Office, 66n
Head, Murray, 209
Hellman, Lillian, 76, 155
Helms, Alan, 93, 188–89n
Helms, Jesse, 337
Hendin, Herbert, 251–52
Hersh, Seymour, 223
Heston, Charlton, 97
Hetrick-Martin Institute, 329
Heublein, 339
Hibbs, Gene, 196–97
high school gay students, 270
school for, 330
Hirschfeld, Magnus, xiv–xv
Hitler, Adolf, 69
HIV: See also AIDS; discovery of, 304–5,
resistance to, 307
test for, 310
Hoffman, Dustin, 302
Holbrook, Hal, 208
Holden, Nicky, 8–9
Holden, William, 39
Holleran, Andrew, 284
Holly, Buddy, 135
Hollywood: gay life in the forties in, 59–62
censorship of, in the fifties, 66–68, 96
and anti-Communist crusade, 68, 72–73
censorship office abolished, 143–44
and Victim, 155
Holocaust, xv
homophobia: See also prejudice against
gays; internalized, 128
use of term, 227n
in black community, 234–35
and AIDS, 285
Homosexual in America, The (Cory), 125–29, 130, 131, 139, 141, 158, 278
“Homosexuality” (O’Hara), 107
“Homosexuals, The” (CBS report), 160–71, 262
Hooker, Dr. Evelyn, 56, 123–24, 131, 230, 236, 240
study of gay men, 123–24
Hoover, J. Edgar, 18, 69–70, 81, 141
sexuality of, 69–70, 77
hormonal imbalance theory of homosexuality, 24–27
Hound and Horn, 42
House Committee on Un-American Activities, 72–73
Howl (Ginsberg), 100–101
Hoyningen-Huene, George, 12
Hudson, Rock, 95–96, 97, 196, 276, 278
Hull, Cordell, 17–19
Humphreys, Laud, 271
Hunt, Richard, 311
IBM, 270
I Can Get It for You Wholesale (Broadway musical), 121, 168
Ikea, 339
I Love Lucy (TV show), 67–68
In Cold Blood (Capote), 172
Inge, William, 89, 165, 166
Institute for Sexual Research, Berlin, xv
Internet, the: documents on gays on, 330
Interpretation of Dreams, The (Freud), xiv
Invisible Glass, The, 125
Ireland, Doug, 77
Isay, Dr. Richard, xi, xiv, 297, 318
Isherwood, Christopher, 61–62, 123, 131, 140, 170n, 173, 205, 209–10, 211
Jackson, Anne, 195
Jackson, Glenda, 209
Jagger, Bianca, 254, 259
Jagger, Mick, 254, 259
Jahrbuch (Hirschfeld), xiv
Jarmin, Gary, 273
Jarvis, Jeff, 271
Jefferson, Margo, 151n, 193
Jeffries, Arthur, 35
Jenkins, Walter, 140–41
Jimmie Daniels’ (bar), 42
Johns, George, 296
Johns, Jasper, 89
Johnson, Lyndon B., 70, 140–41, 145
Johnson, Philip, 11, 41–43, 44, 210
fascist sympathies of, 42–43
in Germany, 210
closeted life of, 213–14
Johnston, Tom, 294–95
Jones, Jennifer, 60
Joplin, Janis, 136, 196
Jordan, Hamilton, 259
Journal-American, 23–25
journalists, gay. See gay journalists
Journey to Jerusalem (film), 184
Judd, Walter, 141
Juliana, James, 76
Julius’s (bar), 87
Kahn, Otto, 227
Kalbas, Jerre, 39
Kameny, Franklin, 138–41, 142, 147, 149, 159, 161, 164, 190, 207, 225, 262, 337
and campaign against APA classification of homosexuality, 235–36, 237, 238–40
Kander, John, 210–11
Kaposi’s sarcoma, 279–81
Katzoff, Jeff, 262–63
Kauffmann, Stanley, 165–66, 166n, 168, 185
Kazan, Elia, 72, 185
Kazaras, Peter, 252
Kelly, Ellsworth, 89
Kemp, Jack, 276n
Kempton, Murray, xiii
Kennedy, Justice Anthony M., 344–45
Kennedy, Edward, 173, 273
Kennedy, Jacqueline, 97
Kennedy, John, 14–15, 81, 96, 136, 139, 145 151, 192, 194, 196
Kennedy, Robert, 81, 145, 173, 196, 222
Kern, Sandy, 3–5, 84–88
Kerouac, Jack, 98–100, 152
Kerr, Walter, 94
Kert, Larry, 93, 103
Kihss, Peter, 72
Kilgore, Mimi, 177
King, Billie Jean, 270
King, Martin Luther, Jr., 136, 140, 145, 196, 346
King and I, The (Broadway musical), 73, 89, 103
Kinsey, Alfred Charles, 53–58, 70, 143
Kinsey Report, 53–58, 70, 122
Kirstein, Fidelma, 43
Kirstein, Lincoln, 120
defends Philip Johnson, 42–43
and gay network in NYC, 42–44
Klein, Calvin, 151, 258, 259–60, 339
aesthetic of, 259–60
Knopf, Alfred A., 73
Koch, Edward I., 215, 221, 299, 307–8, 317
Koch, John, 147, 215, 240–42
Kolata, Gina, 304
Koop, C. Everett, 309–10
Kotis, Michael, 217
Kramer, Hilton, 228
Kramer, Larry, 270, 298, 310, 322
activated by AIDS epidemic, 290–94, 298
and GMHC, 293, 298–99
and lack of publicity on AIDS, 307–8
and ACT UP, 320–21
Kramer, Richard, 188, 191
Kramer, Stanley, 194
Kraus, Bill, 285
Krim, Arthur, 155, 296
Krim, Mathilde, 295–96
Krivit, Bobby, 240–42
Kroenig, Vernon, 275
Kroll, Jack, 165–66, 175, 177
Kubie, Lawrence, 29, 57–58
Lambda Legal Defense and Education Fund, 206, 248, 320, 345
Lang, James, 51–52
lang, k. d., 334
Lardner, Ring, 72
Larson, Lars, 161–62
Last Exit to Brooklyn, 83
Latham, Aaron, 247–48
La Tourneaux, Robert, 191–92
Laurents, Arthur, 7, 37–38, 58, 89, 168, 194, 206, 236, 263
on NYC in WWII, 39–40
on Hollywood gay life, 59–60, 73
on anti-Communist hearings, 72–73
and West Side Story, 89–94
on straight men, 118
and Streisand, 121
and The Way We Were, 168
Lawford, Peter, 192
Lawrence, Carol, 103
Leadership Conference on Civil Rights, 335
Leary, Howard, 215
Leary, Timothy, 144, 145
Leavitt, David, 283, 321, 322
Leggett, James B., 83
Lehmann-Haupt, Christopher, 177, 178, 179, 179n
Lehrer, Tom, 135
Le Jardin (club), 254
Lelyveld, Joseph, 217
Lennon, John, 152
death of, 274
Leonard, John, 177
Lerner, Max, 69–72, 146
lesbians, 3–5, 41
in WWII military, 30, 32, 46–47
>
in the fifties, 84–88
diminished role-playing by, 212
black, 231–35
journalists, 286
Lester, Richard, 151
Levenson, Larry, 248
Levi-Proctor, Reuven, 298
Levy, Jay, 304
Lewis, Anthony, 154, 212
Liberace, 136, 151n
Lido Beach, 46
Life (magazine), 70
Lindsay, John, 101, 214, 217, 250
Lion (restaurant), 120
Lion’s Head (bar), 199
Lisker, Jerry, 201
Little Richard, 136, 151n
Livingston, Robert L., 250n
Loeb, William, 11n
Lonergan, Wayne Thomas, 19–26, 36n, 69
Long, Todd Alexius (Xax), 315–17, 343–44
Loomis, Stuart, 39
Lorde, Audre, 85–86, 89, 136
Lord Won’t Mind, The (Merrick), 7
Los Angeles Times, 331
Lot, Sandra, 340
Lott, Trent, 272
Loud family, 208–9
LSD, 189n, 209
Luce, Clare Boothe, 37–38
Lucky’s Rendezvous (bar), 41, 122
Lynes, George Piatt, 10, 16
Macfie, Franklin, 8, 38, 102, 111–115
Maggenti, Maria, 322
Main Street (bar), 107
Mais Oui (bar), 105
Malcolm X, 196
male sexuality: celebration of, in the sixties, 151–52
Manford, Jeanne, 262
Manford, Morty, 198, 205, 261, 262, 264
Mann, Thomas, xv, 73
Man Who Came to Dinner, The (Broadway play), 16
Mao Tse-tung, 68
March on Washington (1963), 136, 140
Marcus, Eric, 240, 262, 321
Mark, Marky, 339
Marmor, Dr. Judd, 236–38, 239–40
Marotta, Toby, 206
marriage, gay, 149, 337, 340–43, 345–47
Marsha (transvestite), 263
Marshall, Justice Thurgood, 252, 319
Martin, Clyde E., 53
Martin, George, 151
Mary’s (bar), 107, 121
Mason, James, 186, 197
massage parlors, 247
Mattachine Review, 139
Mattachine Society, 101, 122–24, 131, 139, 142, 145, 159, 162–63, 206
Maupin, Armistead, 97, 210
Maurice (Forster), 44, 211–12
Mayer, Louis B., 193
Mayor of Castro Street, The (Shilts), 288
McCarron, John, 302, 304–7
McCarthy, Joseph, 68–69, 74–75
rumors of homosexuality of, 74–75, 77
McCartney, Paul, 150–51, 152
McGillion, Alice, 323
McGovern, George, 260, 261
Mead, Margaret, 208
Meislin, Rich, 252
Mellinger, S. H., 338
Melvin, Murray, 155
mental illness: homosexuality as. See psychiatrists on homosexuality
Mercer, Mabel, 120
Merrick, David, 121, 168
Merrick, Gordon, 6–7
Metropolitan Community Church (Los Angeles), 143
Metropolitan Opera House, 14
Miami: gay rights ordinance battle in, 269–70
Michaels, Dick, 171
Michael’s Thing, 241
Michener, James A., 338–39
Midler, Bette, 248
Midnight Cowboy (film), 209n
military, U.S., xvi
WWII discrimination policy against homosexuals, 27–29, 47–50
in WWII, 27–38, 46–50
gay relations in wartime, 32–37
drag shows in, 37–38
dishonorable discharges for gays, 48–49
detecting gays in, 49
studies on gays’ performance in, 49–50
gays organize Veterans Benevolent Association, 51–52
postwar GI benefits, 65
battle to lift ban on gays in, 333, 334–39
integration of, 335–36
attempt to discharge the HIV infected, 337
Milk, Harvey, 288
Miller, Bill, 10–11, 12
Miller, Merle, 226–28, 229, 235
Miller, Neil, 76
Mindel, Lee, 303
Mindlin, Mike, 184
Mineshaft (bar), 245–46, 294
Minnelli, Liza, 196, 210, 211, 259
Mitchell-Bateman, Mildred, 239n
Mixner, David, 330, 331
Modlin, Herbert, 238
Moore, Bob, 186, 187
Moral Majority, 273, 309
Morgan, Harry, 160
Morris, Willie, xin, 223, 228
Mortimer, Lee, 79, 83
Motion Picture Association of America, 144, 155
Mount Morris Baths, 41
Mountain, Christopher, 318
Muppets, 311
murder victims, gays as, 84
in the eighties, 275
Murray, Pauli, 84
music: of the sixties, 136, 152
musical comedy, 89–94
musicians, gay, 17
Music Man, The (Broadway musical), 94
Naming Names (Navasky), 72
National AIDS Research Foundation, 296
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, 19, 335
National Gay and Lesbian Task Force, 206, 332
National Gay Task Force, 206, 239, 261–62, 270
founding of, 261–62
National Institute of Mental Health, 123–24
National Institutes of Health: and AIDS, 285
National Lesbian and Gay Journalists Association, 331
National News Council, 272
National Review, 336–37
Navasky, Victor, 72
Navy, U.S.. See military, U.S. Nazi Germany, xv, 25, 42–43, 211
NBC, 270–71
Nestle, Joan, 86
New Jersey State Supreme Court of, 145–46
Newman, Paul, 135
New Orleans States Item (newspaper), 286
New Republic, The, 148
newspaper handling of homosexual topics: See also individual papers;
in the forties, 19, 22–25
in the fifties, 82–83
New York Times front page feature, 156–60
backlash against gay militancy in the seventies, 222–28
Merle Miller’s feature in New York Times Magazine, 226–29
AIDS epidemic, 279–81, 286–87, 307–9
newspapers, gay. See gay magazines
Newsweek, 19, 165–66
on gay servicemen (1947), 50
Newton, Jeremiah, 199
New Verdi (bar), 121
New York City Ballet, 42
New York Civil Liberties Union, 252
New Yorker, The, 213, 342
New York Native, 292–93, 308, 310
New York Post, 286
New York State Liquor Authority, 19
New York State Theater, 44
New York Stock Exchange: ACT UP at, 322
New York Times: coverage of homosexuality in the forties, 19, 21, 22–25, 56, 60
in the fifties, 67, 72, 82
in the sixties, 141, 144, 154
endorses repeal of antihomosexual acts laws, 143
front-page feature on homosexuality, 156–60, 225
on gays in the arts, 165
discrimination against gay staff by, 175–80
in the seventies, 212, 217, 225–29, 250, 251–52
features “Gay–In” (1970), 216
under A. M. Rosenthal, 225–29
daily versus Sunday sections, 226
editorial page of, 226
in the eighties, 272, 275, 276–77, 286–87
coverage of AIDS, 279–81, 286–87, 307
under Sulzberger and Frankel, 286–87
on GMHC, 299–300
in the nineties, 330, 331, 336, 337–38, 343
New York Times
/CBS poll: on attitudes toward gays, 333
New York Times Magazine, 225, 226–29
on AIDS epidemic, 308–9
Nichols, Jack, 138, 139, 141–42, 151, 159, 162–63, 164, 190, 198, 201, 202, 210, 215, 240
Nicholson, Joe, 318
nineties, the, 329–47
election of Clinton, 330–34
battle over gays in the military, 334–39
corporate exploitation of gay market, 339–40
gay marriage, 340–43, 345–47
advances against AIDS, 343–44
Romer v. Evans victory, 344–45
Ninth Cirde (bar), 240–42, 244
Nixon, Richard, 141, 148, 149n
North American Conference of Homophile Organizations (NACHO), 148
Northrop, Ann, 321, 323
Northwest Airlines, 322
novels and novelists, gay: in the forties, 7, 44, 52, 58–62
in the fifties, 73, 125
Violet Quill association, 284
Nunn, Sam, 334
Nureyev, Rudolf 120, 311
Nyro, Laura, 196
Oakes, John B., 226
Oak Room, Plaza Hotel, 14, 40
obscenity: views on, in the fifties, 66–67
O’Connor, John, Cardinal, 109, 317, 323, 324
O’Donnell, John, 74
Offen, Hal, 220, 260
O’Flaherty, Terrence, 271
O’Hara, Frank, 89, 97, 106, 107
Old Colony (bar), 13, 107, 121
O’Leary, Jean, 262
One (magazine), 100–101, 139
Ono, Yoko, 274
On the Road (Kerouac), 100
Ottinger, Richard, 217
Out (magazine), 339
Overholser, Winfred, 28–29
Owles, Jim, 260–61
Paley, Babe, 172
Parents and Friends of Lesbians and Gays, 262–63, 330
Partisan Review, 98
Parton, Dolly, 254
Paul, Maury, 9–10
Paul, Dr. William, 343
Paul, Weiss, Rifkind, Wharton & Garrison, 342
Pearson, Drew, 74, 75, 275–76
Perfect Enemies (Bull and Gallagher), 334n, 336
Perkins, Tony, 195, 246
Perot, Ross, 331
Perry, Rev. Troy D., 143
PERSEREC report, 50
Peters, William, 160
Petrelis, Michael, 323
Phelps, Johnnie, 46–47
Philadelphia: gay pickets at Independence Hall, 142
Phillips, Kevin, 333
Picano, Felice, 284
Pietrangelon, Lee, 275
Pillow Talk (film), 97
Pine, Seymour, 199
Plato’s Retreat (club/bath), 248
Plessy v. Ferguson, 344, 346
Poersch, Enno, 297–98
Poison Tree, The (Clemons), 115
Polak, Clark, 207–8
police harassment: in the forties, 13
in the fifties, 70–71, 79, 82–84, 111, 122
in the sixties, 145–46
and Stonewall riot, 198–202
in the seventies, 242
political activism, gay: See also gay militancy
in the seventies, 206, 212, 213, 214–17, 261–65
backlash against, 222–28
Stoddard and, 248–53
in the eighties, 271–72, 273
The Gay Metropolis Page 55
