The Boer War

by Thomas Pakenham

  Hobhouse, Lord, 503

  Hobson, J. A., guesses at activities of Beit and Werner, 89

  Hofmeyr, Jan, leader of Cape Afrikaners, 60, 62, 81, 100

  Holdsworth, Col G. L.: with Linchwe’s Africans, attacks Boer laager at Derdepoort, 402, 473, 566

  Holkrantz, Zulu attack on Boers at (6 May 1902), 567

  Holt Surgeon-Captain, in Ladysmith, 265, 266

  Hore, Lt-Col C. O., CO Bechuanaland Protectorate Regiment 403, 412, 413, 414

  Horn, Trumpeter, of 69th Battery, RFA 128

  horses: eaten at Kimberley, 324–5; French’s losses of, 327–8, 381; Cronje’s losses of, at Paardeberg, 340; fed on mealies in Ladysmith, 352; supplies of, 381, 535; food of, eaten by humans at Mafeking, 406, 408; Milner favours removal of, instead of farm burning, 487; failure of Boers’, owing to weather, 522, 529; total losses of, by British (with mules and donkeys), 572

  Hoskens, William, friend of Fitzpatrick, 51

  hospitals: shelling of, 143, 146, 267, 269; at surrender of Dundee, 146–7; no. 4 Field, at Colenso, 224–5, 237–8; nos. 11, 18, and 24 Field, in Ladysmith, 267, 269, 354–5; Intombi, outside Ladysmith defences, 273, 353–4; at Bloemfontein, military, civilian, and Boer government, 382–3; crisis of, during Roberts’s advance, 422–3, 467

  Houtnek, Orange Free State: action at (7 May 1900), 423

  Howard, Col F., at Observation Hill, Ladysmith, 273

  Howard, Maj. ‘Gat’, of Canadian Scouts, 538

  Hughes, Capt, doctor with Buller, 157, 234–5

  Hughes-Hallett, Lt-Col J. W., CO Seaforth Highlanders, 206

  Hull, H C, Uitlander lawyer, 63

  Hunt, Lt-Col, of Royal Field Artillery, 231

  Hunter, Maj.-Gen. Sir Archibald, Chief of Staff to Buller: on staff of White, 154; in Ladysmith, 213, 269, 273, 352, 355; leads raid on Boer guns, 270, 323; Lt-Gen., 422; CO of mobile columns converging on De Wet; obtains surrender of Prinsloo in Brandwater Basin, 438–44

  Hurley, Cpl R, on Buller, 368

  Hussar Hill, north of Chieveley, 346; taken by British (14 Feb. 1900), 347

  Hussars: 10th, 392; 18th, 108, 125, 132, 153

  Hutton, Maj.-Gen. E. T. H., at Doornkop, 425

  Imperial Light Horse, of Uitlander refugees, 108, 121–2, 174, 543; as ‘Imperial Light Looters’, 210; at Elandslaagte, 134, 136, 137, 138, 139; in defence of Ladysmith, 268, 270–1, 272, 274, 276; at relief of Ladysmith, 365, and of Mafeking, 415; in drive against Boers, 545

  Imperial Light Infantry, 296, 298, 299, 304

  Imperial Yeomanry, 252–3, 420, 441, 469, 496; 13th Battalion of, captured by Piet De Wet, 436–7

  India, despatch of troops to South Africa from, 95

  Indians: in Transvaal, 48, 55, (as stretcher-bearers for British) 224, 343; with white troops from India, 95, 147

  infant mortality, in Kimberley, 325

  Infantry Divisions: 1st (Methuen), 163, 165:2nd (Clery) 163, 165; 3rd (Gatacre), 163, 164, 165; 4th (Lyttelton), 451; 5th (Warren), 238, 245, 279, 317; 6th (Kelly-Kenny), 313, 330, 333, 334, 374, 375; 7th (Tucker), 252, 313, 314, 374, 427, 429; 8th (Rundle), 252, 439, 442; 9th (Colvile), 313, 319, 334, 374; 10th (Hunter), 439, 453; 11th (Pole-Carew), 427

  Inglefield, Maj., saves gun at Nooitgedacht, 479

  Inniskillings, see Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers

  intelligence (British): weakness of, 178, 180, 186, 187; improvement in, 526, 540

  Intombi, hospital camp outside Ladysmith defences, 273, 353–4

  Irish Brigade, see under Brigades

  ‘Irish Brigade’, with Boers, 106, 421, 422, 458

  Jameson, Dr L. S.: raid on Johannesburg led by, 1–5, 192; sent by Kruger to London for trial, 21; in Ladysmith, 119, 268, 269

  Jameson Raid on Johannesburg, 1–5; Kruger and, 4, 21, 30, 37; Milner and, 12, 20; Rhodes and, 21, 22, 321; Chamberlain and, 27–31; effect of, in Transvaal, 40—1; question of indemnity for, 67; Beit and, 88, 119; guns captured in, turned against Mafeking, 401

  Jelf, Lieut ‘Dodo’, of 60th Rifles, 271, 351

  Jeppe, Charles, Boer at Spion Kop, 292

  Johannesburg: in 1898, 47–8; Roberts’s plan for taking, 424; surrender of, 428–9

  Johannesburg Commando, 106, 134; at Elands-laagte, 135, 141, 222, 425

  Johannesburg ‘Reform Committee’, 1, 21; revives at South African League, 50; Beit as paymaster of, 119

  Jonathan, Basuto ruler, 439

  Jones, Capt, with observation balloon, 205, 206

  Jones, Johannesburg police constable, tried for shooting Edgar, 51, 52, 53

  Joubert, Commandant-General Piet, 36, 37–8, 40; and arming of Transvaal, 41, 69; political associates of, oppose mobilization, 103; commanding Transvaal army, 104–5, 106; takes offensive in Natal, 118, 121, 256; his plans ignored, 135; decides against pursuing Yule, 148; informs White of Carleton’s surrender, 155; problems besetting, 168, 170; outside Ladysmith, 169–70; moves against South Natal, 170–4; thrown from horse and injured, 174; at Kroonstad council, 387; widow of, carries appeal for peace talks to Botha, 488

  Jourdain, Lieut. Henry, of Connaught Rangers, 357, 358

  Jowett, Benjamin, Master of Balliol College, 13, 14, 72

  Just, H. W., of Colonial Office, 564

  Keith-Falconer, Lt-Col., CO Northumberland Fusiliers, 179

  Kekewich, Lt-Col. R. G., CO Loyal North Lancashire Regiment, commanding Kimberley garrison, 181–3, 185, 186–7, 202, 319, 400; struggle between Rhodes and, 321–3; dismissed by French, 328; CO mobile column, 556, 557, 558, 559

  Kelly-Kenny, Lt-Gen. Thomas, CO 6th Infantry Division, 313, 330; Kitchener overrules at Paardeberg, 333-5. 337–8, 339–40, 373; at Poplar Grove, 373, 374–5

  Kemp,. Boer general, 514, 558–9

  Kentish, Lieut, of Royal Irish Fusiliers, 125, 254

  Kerin, Major, CO Field Hospital, 130, 143, 145; at surrender of Dundee, 146–7

  Kerry, Captain Lord (son of Lansdowne), ADC to Roberts, 315, 372–3, 428–9; on Lady Roberts, 448

  Kestell, J. D., reporter at Vereeniging, 569

  Kimberley: diamonds discovered at, xxii, 18, 183; question of defence of, 85–6, 105, 117; besieged, 118, 156, 158, 169; Rhodes in, 118, 106, 159, 175; Kekewich in command at,-see under Kekewich; sorties against guns bombarding, 187; Roberts suggests abandoning, 244–5; Roberts decides to march to Bloemfontein by way of, 317; struggle between Kekewich and Rhodes during siege of, 321–3; shelling of, 323–4; food supplies in, 324–5; women and children shelter in diamond mines, 326–7; relief of, 327–8, 347

  Kimberley Light Horse, 321

  Kimberley Mounted Corps, 416

  King’s Royal Rifles, 95, 299, 302

  Kipling, Rudyard: quoted, 243, 309, 371, 419, 420, 551; on staff of The Friend, Bloemfon-tein, 376, 384–5

  Kitchener, General Lord (later Field-Marshal), 315–16, 491–3; in Egypt, 73, 157; Chief of Staff to Roberts, 244, 312, 380; and transport (‘K of Chaos’), 312, 318–19; at Paardeberg, overrules Kelly-Kenny, 333–5, 337–8, 339–40; escapes from train ambushed by Dc Wet, 437; leads column against De Wet, 447, but fails to trap him, 485; criticisms of methods of, 452, 498–9, 526; on South Africa, 461; Milner on, 469, 484–5; and Middelburg peace terms, 489–91, 499, 500; and concentration camps, xvi, 493–5, 509; wants Indian cavalry, 495–6; acting High Commissioner of Transvaal and Orange River Colony, 500; stick and carrot policy proposed by, 514; sweep-and-scour policy of, 520, 521, 533; proclaims banishment for armed Boer leaders taken after 15 Sept. (7 Aug. 1901), 522, 529; forecasts end of war by April, 536; and Buller’s downfall, 535; in fit of despair, 535–6; blockhouse and barbed wire policy of, 499, 536–7, 538, 541; orders execution of Australians for shooting prisoners, 539; and pet starling, 539; organizes drives to pin Boers against blockhouse lines, 545–6, 548–9, 556; at peace negotiations, 552, 553, 560–1, 562, 563; executions of Boer leaders ordered by, 561; Boers prefer his peace to that of Milner, 568; signs terms of surrender, 569

  Kitchener, Col Walter, brother of Lord Kitchener: CO 5th
Brigade, 348, 362; CO mobile column, 556, 557, 559

  Kitchener’s Kopje, Paardeberg: Kitchener weakens British hold on, 338; De Wet takes, 339–41, and abandons, 342

  Klerksdorp, Transvaal: base for operations against De la Rey, 556

  Knight, E. F., Morning Post correspondent, 188

  Knox, Maj.-Gen. C. E. (later Sir Charles): CO 13th Brigade, 336, 337, 445; CO mobile column, 450; delayed arrival of, at Bothaville, 474, 475

  Knox, Col W. G. (later Maj.-Gen. Sir William): CO reserve at Pepworth Hill, 155; constructs one sector of defences at Ladysmith, 270, 273; wife of, on Fawcett Committee, 515

  Knox-Gore, Capt, at Spion Kop, 295

  Kock, Gen. J. H. M., 106, 135, 137, 138, 140, 169

  Kock, Judge in Johannesburg, 53, 140, 432

  Kock, Meyer de, secretary of Burgher Peace Committee, executed, 488

  Kock, Philip, nephew of General, 140

  Korn Spruit, tributary of Modder River near Sannah’s Post, 391, 393

  kopjes: De la Rey’s alternative to holding, 193, 200; British find dangers of holding, 541

  Kotze, secretary to Prinsloo, carries news of surrender to De Wet, 445

  Krause, Commandant: surrenders Johannesburg with gold-mines intact, on condition army is allowed 24 hours to withdraw, 428, 429, 432

  Kriel, Rev. A. P., at Nooitgedacht, 481

  Krige, Tottie, brother-in-law of Smuts, 292

  Kritzinger, General P. H.: invades Cape Colony, 485, 486, 493, 514, 521, but is beaten back, 520, 527

  Kroonstad, Orange Free State: Boer council at (17 Mar. 1900), 386–9; Roberts halts at, 422; gold recently discovered near, 471

  Kruger, President Paul, 22, 36–7, 38–40; as voortrekker, 16; in First Boer War, xxi, 19; Milner and, 23, 31; and Jameson Raid, 4, 21, 30, 37, (his grip on Transvaal strengthened. Orange Free State rallied to his side, Transvaal made into real military power) 40–2; and arming of Transvaal, 31, 41–2, 66; authorizes ‘Great Deal’ offer to mining houses and Uitlanders, 53; at Bloemfontein meeting with Milner, 61, 63, 65–70, 385; his offers on Uitlander franchise, 55, 56, 57, 66–7, 78, 80–1, 82–3, 84, 86, 92, 100; Chamberlain’s threatening letter to, 90–1; and prospect of war, 100, 101, 109; Milner in mutual distrust of Chamberlain and, 101–2; sends ultimatum, 103, 106, 109–10, 111–12; war plans of, 105, 106, 168–9; and Cronje, 192; and indiscipline of troops, 199; his telegrams to Botha, 207, 221; speaks on Dingaan’s Day, after Colenso, 255; his proposals for an offensive, 257, 260; at Poplar Grove battle, 373, 374, 386; at Kroonstad council, 386; preaches holy war, 389; letter to Salisbury from Stcyn, and challenging Britain to state intentions, 388; smuggled out of Pretoria, 430, and taken to Europe in Dutch cruiser, 458; telegrams from, urging continued fight, 520; death of, 574

  Krugersdorp Commando, 172, 222, 223, 290

  Kynoch, armaments firm, 466, 467

  Labouchère, Henry, MP and journalist, 256

  Labram, George, engineer to De Beers, during Kimberley siege, 184, 185, 323, 324

  Ladysmith, British military depot, 96, 149; Symons’s troops at, 106; Jameson and Willoughby in, 119, 268, 269; Imperial Light Horse in, 121–2; Yule’s retreat to, 144–5, 146, 147, 148; White’s reasons for not withdrawing from, 148–50; White gambles on knockout blow against Boers, 150—3, which fails, 153-5; siege of, 155, 169, 261–3; Buller’s telegrams about, 238–9, 244, 369, 574; conditions in, 263, 265; food in, 352–3, 354, 355; deaths in, 382; raid on Boer guns shelling, 270–1; and Buller’s approach, 350; relief of, 364–8

  Ladysmith (Pepworth Hill, Modderspruit), battle of (30 Oct 1899), 152–4, 157, 161, 170

  Lafone, Lieut C, at Hart’s Hill armistice, 360

  Lagden, Sir Geoffrey, Native Commissioner in Pretoria, 554

  Laing, Natal colonist, advises Buller on route, 211

  Laing’s Nek, 98; battle of (1881), 105; Boers outflanked at (June 1900), 453–4

  Lancashire Brigade, see under Brigades

  Lancashire Fusiliers, 293, 295, 298, 304

  Lancers: 5th, 134, 139–40; 9th, 180, 189, 527, 528; 17th, 524

  Landon, Percival, Times correspondent, 372

  Lang Riet, Orange Free State: Rawlinson surrounds commando at (28 Feb. 1902), 549

  Langlois, French general, on Buller, 457

  Lansdowne, Marquis of, Secretary for War (1895-1900), 71–2; and Milncr’s demand for immediate despatch of troops to South Africa, 71, 74; and Wolseley’s proposal to mobilize army corps, 72–3, 74; ill-feeling between Wolseley and, 75, 76, 78, 95, 97, 250; recommends token reinforcement only, 81, 82; reveals War Office estimate of time required to put force on Transvaal frontier, 82, 83; and Cabinet decision to send troops, 93.95; and Buller, 93, 96–7; and appointment of White, 96; consults Buller about dismissing White, 161; Buller’s cables to, after Colenso, 238–9, 244; Roberts’s cable from Ireland to, after Colenso, 242–3; and replacement of Buller by Roberts, 244–6; accepts yeomanry scheme, 252; Roberts has ear of, 314, 315, 370, 463; appointed to Foreign Office, 468, 502

  Lawrence, Drum-Major, of Gordons, 138

  Le Gallais, Lt-Col P. W. J., CO mounted infantry, 475

  Lean, Maj. K., of mounted infantry, 475

  Legge, Lt-Col N., local commander at Nooitgedacht, 478

  Leicester Regiment, 125, 129, 152, 154

  Leitrim, Lord, of Imperial Yeomanry, 436, 437

  Leyds, Dr, Foreign Secretary, Transvaal, 55; as envoy in Brussels, 250, 256

  Lichtenberg Commando, 198, 425

  Lilly, Fleet-Surgeon, at relief of Ladysmith, 367

  Limpus, Capt., of HMS Terrible, 363

  Linchwe, Bechuana chief, 2; raids Boer laager at Derdepoort (led by Col. Holdsworth), 402, 473, 566

  Lincoln Regiment, 448

  Lindley, temporary capital of Orange Free State; occupied by Hamilton, 424; battalion of Imperial Yeomanry captured at (31 May 1900), 436–7, 448; in De Wet’s base area, 542

  Lindsell, Capt, with Jameson, 4

  Little, Maj. M. O., of 9th Lancers, 189; Lt-Col., CO 9th Lancers, 415; CO cavalry brigade, 450

  Liverpool Regiment, 152, 262, 267

  Lloyd George, D., 258; and election, 465, 466, 467, 468; and concentration camps, 508–9, 518

  Lobengula, King of the Matabele, 2

  Lombard’s Kop, Ladysmith: raid on Boer guns on (8 Dec. 1899), 270–1

  London Convention (1884), 19, 20, 28, 63; rival interpretations of, 67; Britain accused of breaking, 103

  Long, Col C. J., of Royal Field Artillery, 213; CO Estcourt garrison, 171, 173; at Colenso, 217, 223, 229–30, 231, 235, 236, 238

  Longford, Capt Earl of, of Imperial Yeomanry, 436, 437

  Losey, Sgt-Major, of Army Service Corps, 407, 412

  Lotter, Commandant: commando of, defeated by Schobell, 527–8; executed, 561

  Lourenço Marques, railway from Transvaal to, 40

  Lovat, Capt. Lord, raises Lovat Scouts, 438

  Lovat Scouts, 438, 441, 442

  Loyal North Lancashire Regiment, 182, 197, 198, 304

  Lucy, Henry, journalist, 510

  lyddite, new explosive, 203, 229

  Lydenburg Commando, 302

  Lyttelton, Alfred, Secretary for the Colonies (1903-5), xv, 575

  Lyttelton, Maj.-Gen. Neville: CO 4th Brigade, 210, 213; at Colenso, 217–18, 232, 233, 234; in campaign against Buller, 280, 306, 344, 368; during Spion Kop battle, 296, 297; scales Drielingkoppe, 300–1, 302; before breakthrough, 346; on Hart, 357; at armistice on Hart’s Hill, 361; Lt-Gen., CO 4th Infantry Division, 451; at Belfast battle, 455, 456

  MacBride, Maj. J., commanding ‘Irish Brigade’ with Boers, 106, 421

  McCarthy, Cpl Will, at Spion Kop, 294

  MacDonald, Donald, Argus correspondent 364, 365

  MacDonald, Maj.-Gen. Hector, CO Highland Brigade, 313, 334, 337, 438, 439; C-in-C, Ceylon, 573, 574

  McDonnell, ‘Pom’, private secretary to Lord Salisbury, 33–4

  Machadodorp, Transvaal: Kruger at 430, 431; Botha at 449, 451, 452; Buller at 456
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  McKenzie, Capt, in charge of armed Africans (‘Black Watch’) in Mafeking, 410

  McKenzie, Col C. J., Director of Military Intelligence, forecasts retreat of Kruger from Pretoria, 421

  McLaren, Capt. ‘Boy’, friend of Baden-Powell, prisoner with Boers, 409, 413, 417

  McNalty, Lieut, of Army Service Corps, 353

  Mafeking: Baden-Powell at 105, 117, 399; besieged, 118, 158, 169, 400–5; Roberts suggests abandoning, 244–5; food in, 405–9; Eloff’s raid on, 410–14; relief of, 414–16, 417-18; British public and relief of, 416–17; concentration camp at, 516-17

  Magaliesberg, De Wet’s move to, 447, 450

  Magersfontein: ridge and kopje at, 180, 181, 186, 192, 202, 203; De la Rey digs in at, 199–200; battle of (11 Dec. 1899), 201–6; Buller gets news of battle, 215; Cronje’s force leaves, 329

  Maguire, Hon. Mrs Rochfort, with Rhodes at Kimberley, 184

  Mahon, Col. B.: CO cavalry column in relief of Mafeking, 395, 410, 415; in Roberts’s northward movement, 422

  Majuba, Boers defeat British at (1881), xxii, 5, 12, 28, 39, 77, 105, 248, 285; talk of avenging, 3–4, 19, 79, 130, 134, 139

  Malan, A. H„ aide to Botha: on peace feelers, 489; in raid on Cape Colony, 527

  Malherbe, John, Boer at Spion Kop, 292

  Manchester Regiment, 152, 273, 276, 357; at Elandslaagte, 134, 136, 137, 138

  maps: inadequate, 179, 186, 187; of Tugela River and crossings, 208, 211, 216, 227; of mountains beyond Tugela, 283, 293

  Marks, Sammy, Transvaal millionaire, 488—9

  Maritzburg (Pietermaritzburg), capital of Natal: Boer threat to, 150, 165

  Marlborough, Duke of, ADC to Hamilton, 423, 434, 448

  Marsh, Capt., of Bechuanaland Protectorate Regiment, 413

  Marwick, of Natal Native Affairs Department: leads march of refugee African mine-workers from Johannesburg to Natal, 120–1

  Mashona: rising by, after Jameson Raid, 22, 67

  Massey, Maj., of Royal Engineers, 293, 294

  Master, Capt. R. Chester, of Rimington’s Tigers, 330

  Matabele: war against (1892), 2, 400; rising of, after Jameson Raid, 22, 67

  Maurice, Maj.-Gen. Sir F., co-editor of official history of Boer War, xiv, xv, 335