Abraham Lincoln: A Life, Volume 2

by Michael Burlingame

  303. Boston Commonwealth, 4 Oct. 1862.

  304. The Works of Charles Sumner (15 vols.; Boston: Lee and Shepard, 1870–1883), 7:199.

  305. Hannibal Hamlin to Lincoln, Bangor, Maine, 25 Sept. 1862, AL MSS DLC.

  306. New York Tribune, 24 Sept. 1862.

  307. Washington correspondence by Forney, 23 Sept., Philadelphia Press, 24 Sept. 1862.

  308. Pittsburgh Gazette, 24 Sept. 1862.

  309. New York Evening Post, n.d., copied in Springfield, Massachusetts, Republican, 24 Sept. 1862; Allan Nevins, The Evening Post: A Century of Journalism (New York: Boni and Liveright, 1922), 295.

  310. New York Times, 28 Sept. 1862.

  311. Illinois State Journal (Springfield), 24 Sept. 1862.

  312. Springfield, Massachusetts, Republican, 24 Sept. 1862.

  313. Emerson, “The President’s Proclamation,” The Atlantic Monthly, November 1862, 639–640.

  314. William Henry Furness, “A Word of Consolation for the Kindred of Those Who Have Fallen in Battle, A Discourse of September 28, 1862” (n.d., n.p.), 7, 13, quoted in George M. Fredrickson, The Inner Civil War: Northern Intellectuals and the Crisis of the Union (New York: Harper Torchbooks, 1965), 118.

  315. Charles Eliot Norton to George W. Curtis, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 23 Sept. 1862, Sara Norton and M. A. DeWolfe Howe, eds., Letters of Charles Eliot Norton (2 vols.; Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1913), 1:256.

  316. Harper’s Weekly, 4 October 1862.

  317. McClure, Lincoln and Men of War-Times, 269.

  318. Andrew to Adam Gurowski, [Boston], 6 Sept. 1862, letterpress copy, Andrew Papers, MHi.

  319. Trumbull to Yates, Beardstown, Illinois, 19 Sept. 1862, L. U. Reavis Papers, ICHi.

  320. Dan Elbert Clark, Samuel Jordan Kirkwood (Iowa City: State Historical Society of Iowa, 1917), 249.

  321. Reply to loyal governors, 26 Sept. 1862, CWL, 5:441.

  322. Washington correspondence, 26 Sept. 1862, Philadelphia Inquirer, 27 Sept. 1862; Samuel J. Kirkwood, “The Loyal Governors at Altoona in 1862,” Iowa Historical Record 7–9 (1891–1893), 213–214.

  323. Boutwell in Rice, ed., Reminiscences of Lincoln, 400.

  324. Washington correspondence by Agate, 25 Sept. 1862, Smart, ed., “Agate” Dispatches, 1:234–236; CWL, 5:438.

  325. Washington correspondence, 26 Sept., New York Evening Express, 27 Sept. 1862; New York Evening Express, n.d., copied in the Cincinnati Commercial, 30 Sept. 1862.

  326. Nevins and Thomas, eds., Strong Diary, 3:262 (entry for 27 Sept. 1862).

  327. Washington National Intelligencer, 23 Sept. 1862.

  328. New York Herald, 24, 27, 29 Sept. 1862.

  329. Lord John Russell, memorandum of 13 Oct. 1862, in Spencer Walpole, The Life of Lord John Russell (2 vols.; London: Longmans, Green, 1889), 2:351; Lynn M. Case and Warren F. Spencer, The United States and France: Civil War Diplomacy (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1970), 359; Howard Jones, Abraham Lincoln and a New Birth of Freedom: The Union and Slavery in the Diplomacy of the Civil War (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1999), 117, 122.

  330. Chicago Times, 24 Sept. 1862; Boston Post, n.d., copied in the Springfield, Massachusetts, Republican, 24 Sept. 1862.

  331. New York Evening Express, 23 Sept. 1862.

  332. E. T. Bainbridge to Joseph Holt, Louisville, 29 Sept. 1862, Holt Papers, DLC.

  333. Louisville Democrat, 24 Sept. 1862, copied in the New York Herald, 29 Sept. 1862; Louisville Democrat, n.d., copied in the Cincinnati Commercial, 27 Sept. 1862.

  334. Louisville Journal, n.d., copied in Springfield, Massachusetts, Republican, 2 Oct. 1862.

  335. Hamilton Gray to Lincoln, Maysville, Kentucky, 7 Jan. 1863, AL MSS DLC.

  336. St. Louis correspondence, 23 Sept., New York Herald, 27 Sept. 1862.

  337. Hugh Campbell to Joseph Holt, St. Louis, 26 Sept. 1862, Holt Papers, DLC.

  338. Wheeling Press, n.d., copied in the Springfield, Massachusetts, Republican, 2 Oct. 1862.

  339. Canton, Ohio, Starke County Democrat, 24 Sept. 1864, in Frank L. Klement, Lincoln’s Critics: The Copperheads of the North, ed. Steven K. Rogstad (Shippensburg, PA: White Mane, 1999), 114.

  340. Charles Mason, former chief justice of Iowa, diary entry, 23 Sept. 1862, in Hubert H. Wubben, Civil War Iowa and the Copperhead Movement (Ames: Iowa State University Press, 1980), 84.

  341. Ibid., 116

  342. Halstead to Chase, Cincinati, 19 Feb. 1863, Cincinnati Enquirer, 28 Sept. 1885.

  343. Burlingame and Ettlinger, eds., Hay Diary, 41 (entry for 24 Sept. 1862).

  344. Adams S. Hill to Sydney Howard Gay, n.p., n.d. [Washington, 18 Sept. 1862], Gay Papers, Columbia University.

  345. Washington correspondence by H., 24 Sept., New York Evening Express, 25 Sept. 1862.

  346. Klement, Lincoln’s Critics, 116.

  347. Dunbar Rowland, ed., Jefferson Davis, Constitutionalist: His Letters, Papers, and Speeches (10 vols.; Jackson: Printed for the Mississippi Dept. of Archives and History, 1923), 5:409.

  348. Washington correspondence by Erastus Brooks, 7 Dec., New York Evening Express, 8 Dec. 1862.

  349. Richmond Enquirer, 1 Oct., copied in the New York Herald, 4 Oct. 1862.

  350. New York Herald, 22 Oct. 1862.

  351. London Times, 7 Oct. 1862, in Herbert Mitgang, ed., Abraham Lincoln: A Press Portrait (Chicago: Quadrangle Books, 1971), 320.

  352. London Morning Post, n.d, quoted in Charles C. Coffin’s lecture on the Emancipation Proclamation, Coffin Papers, New England Genealogical Society Library, Boston.

  353. Dana to Seward, New York, 23 Sept. 1862, AL MSS DLC.

  354. Guelzo, Emancipation Proclamation, 178.

  355. [Porter] to Manton Marble, n.p., 30 Sept. 1862, Marble Papers, DLC.

  356. John Gregory Smith to Lincoln, St. Albans, Vermont, 30 Dec. 1864, University of Vermont, Burlington.

  357. McPherson, Political History of the United States, 227.

  358. Boston Journal, n.d., copied in the New York Tribune, 30 Sept. 1862.

  359. Annotation by Thompson on a letter he wrote to Lincoln but did not send, Washington, 26 Jan. 1863, typescript, Thompson Collection, Indiana State Library, Indianapolis; R. W. Thompson, “Abraham Lincoln,” undated manuscript, R. W. Thompson Papers, IHi.

  360. Lincoln to Hamlin, Washington, 28 Sept. 1862, CWL, 5:444.

  Chapter 29. “I Am Not a Bold Man, But I Have the Knack of Sticking to My Promises!”

  1. David Davis to W. W. Orme, Bloomington, 20 Oct. 1862, Orme Papers, IHi.

  2. W. W. Orme to David Davis, Springfield, Missouri, 24 Oct. 1862, David Davis Papers, IHi.

  3. Fessenden to James W. Grimes, Portland, 19 Oct. 1862, Fessenden Papers, Bowdoin College.

  4. Frederick Pike to J. S. Pike, Calais, 22 Oct. 1862, Pike Papers, University of Maine.

  5. John Pope to Valentine B. Horton, St. Paul, 1 Nov. 1862, Pope Papers, New-York Historical Society.

  6. New York Tribune, 16 Oct. 1862.

  7. Allan Nevins, The War for the Union (4 vols.; New York: Scribner, 1959–1971), 2:319.

  8. The Crisis (Columbus), 5 Mar. 1862; Cincinnati Enquirer, 4 Aug. 1862.

  9. Reginald Charles McGrane, William Allen: A Study in Western Democracy (Columbus: Ohio State Archaeological and Historical Society, 1925), 157–158.

  10. Speech of 15 Dec. 1862, in Samuel Sullivan Cox, Eight Years in Congress, from 1857 to 1865: Memoir and Speeches (New York: D. Appleton, 1865), 264.

  11. Hezekiah S. Bundy to Chase, Reed’s Mill, 18 Oct. 1862, Chase Papers, DLC.

  12. The Crisis (Columbus), 29 Oct. 1862, in Reed W. Smith, Samuel Medary & The Crisis: Testing the Limits of Press Freedom (Columbus: Ohio State University Press, 1995), 102.

  13. Nicolay to Therena Bates, Washington, 16 Oct. 1862, in Michael Burlingame, ed., With Lincoln in the White House: Letters, Memoranda, and Other Writings of John G. Nicolay, 1860–1865 (Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 2000), 89.

  14. Washington corr
espondence by Van [D. W. Bartlett], 21 Oct., Springfield, Massachusetts, Republican, 25 Oct. 1862.

  15. John A. Jones to David Davis, Georgetown, DC, 27 Oct. 1862, Davis Papers, IHi.

  16. George W. Towner to Albert G. Myrick, Nyack, New York, 9 Nov. 1862, Myrick Papers, William L. Clements Library, University of Michigan.

  17. New York World, 18 Nov. 1862, in Forrest G. Wood, Black Scare: The Racist Response to Emancipation and Reconstruction (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1968), 20.

  18. Allan Nevins and Milton Halsey Thomas, eds., Diary of George Templeton Strong, 1835–1875 (4 vols.; New York: Macmillan, 1952), 3:272 (entry for 5 Nov, 1862).

  19. Washington correspondence, 6 Nov., New York Times, 7 Nov. 1862.

  20. Boston Evening Journal, 3 Nov. 1862.

  21. Lawrence Weldon to W. W. Orme, Springfield, 24 Nov. 1862, in Harry E. Pratt, “The Repudiation of Lincoln’s War Policy in 1862: The Stuart-Swett Congressional Campaign,” Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society 24 (1931):140.

  22. Swett to Orme, Bloomington, 18 Nov. 1862, Orme Papers, IHi.

  23. Trumbull to Zachariah Chandler, Springfield, 9 Nov. 1862, Chandler Papers, DLC.

  24. Virginia Jeans Laas, ed., Wartime Washington: The Civil War Letters of Elizabeth Blair Lee (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1991), 202, 204, 209.

  25. Hay-Stoddard memorandum of a meeting Lincoln had on 30 Sept. 1863, Nicolay-Hay Papers, IHi.

  26. Lincoln to A. G. Hodges, Washington, 4 Apr. 1864, Roy P. Basler et al., eds., Collected Works of Abraham Lincoln [hereafter CWL] (8 vols. plus index; New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1953–1955), 7:282.

  27. John McClintock, sermon of 16 Apr. 1865, in Our Martyred President: Voices from the Pulpit of New York and Brooklyn (New York: Tibbals and Whiting, 1865), 136.

  28. Louisville correspondence by Agate [Whitelaw Reid], 25 Oct. 1862, in James G. Smart, ed., A Radical View: The “Agate” Dispatches of Whitelaw Reid, 1861–1865 (2 vols.; Memphis: Memphis State University Press, 1976), 1:91.

  29. Julian in Allen Thorndike Rice, ed., Reminiscences of Abraham Lincoln by Distinguished Men of His Time (New York: North American Review, 1888), 55–56.

  30. Theodore Tilton to Wendell Phillips, Brooklyn, [6 Nov. 1862], Phillips Papers, Harvard University.

  31. Washington correspondence by Van [D. W. Bartlett], 24 Nov., Springfield, Massachusetts, Republican, 28 Nov. 1862.

  32. Washington correspondence, 21 Nov., New York Tribune, 22 Nov. 1862.

  33. Lincoln to George Robertson, Washington, 20 Nov. 1862, CWL, 5:502.

  34. Washington correspondence, 23 Nov., New York Tribune, 24 Nov. 1862.

  35. Washington correspondence, 4 Nov., New York Evening Post, 5 Nov. 1862.

  36. George S. Boutwell, Speeches and Papers Relating to the Rebellion and the Overthrow of Slavery (Boston: Little, Brown, 1867), 362.

  37. Washington correspondence, 19 Dec., New York Times, 20 Dec. 1862.

  38. Theodore Calvin Pease and James G. Randall, eds., The Diary of Orville Hickman Browning (2 vols.; Springfield: Illinois State Historical Library, 1925–1933), 1:607 (entry for 30 Dec. 1862).

  39. Washington correspondence, 25 Dec., Cincinnati Gazette, 27 Dec. 1862; Washington correspondence, 25 Dec., New York Tribune, 26 Dec. 1862.

  40. Washington correspondence, 30 Dec., New York Evening Post, 31 Dec. 1862.

  41. T. J. Barnett to S. L. M. Barlow, Washington, 30 Nov. 1862, Barlow Papers, CSmH.

  42. Horace White to Lincoln, Chicago, 22 Oct. 1862, AL MSS DLC.

  43. Medill to Ozias M. Hatch, Chicago, 13 Oct. 1862, Hatch Papers, IHi.

  44. W. M. Dickson to Friedrich Hassaurek, Cincinnati, 10 Apr. 1862, Hassaurek Papers, Ohio Historical Society.

  45. Francis Springer to Hawkins Taylor, Burlington, Iowa, 19 Oct. 1862, AL MSS DLC.

  46. Letter from an unidentified correspondent to B. F. M., n.p., n.d., Washington correspondence by B. F. M., 25 Oct., Cincinnati Gazette, 30 Oct. 1862.

  47. William Cullen Bryant to Lincoln, New York, 22 Oct. 1862, AL MSS DLC.

  48. Washington correspondence, 9 Dec. 1862, Sacramento Daily Union, 5 Jan. 1863, in Michael Burlingame, ed., Lincoln Observed: Civil War Dispatches of Noah Brooks (Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1998), 14.

  49. Lydia Child to Sarah Shaw, Wayland, Massachusetts, 11 Nov. 1862, in Lydia Maria Child: Selected Letters, 1817–1880, ed. Milton Meltzer and Patricia G. Holland (Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 1982), 420.

  50. Michael Burlingame and John R. Turner Ettlinger, eds., Inside Lincoln’s White House: The Complete Civil War Diary of John Hay (Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 1997), 62 (entry for 14 July 1863).

  51. Smith to John F. Potter, Washington, 4 Oct. 1862, Potter Papers, Wisconsin State Historical Society.

  52. O. M. Hatch interviewed by Nicolay, Springfield, June 1875, in Michael Burlingame, ed., An Oral History of Abraham Lincoln: John G. Nicolay’s Interviews and Essays (Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 1996), 16.

  53. T. J. Barnett to S. L. M. Barlow, Washington, 23 Sept. 1862, Barlow Papers, CSmH.

  54. W. M. Dickson to Friedrich Hassaurek, Cincinnati, 27 Sept. 1862, Hassaurek Papers, Ohio Historical Society.

  55. Pope to Richard Yates, St. Paul, 21 Sept. 1862, copy, Samuel Kirkwood Papers, Iowa State Archives, Des Moines.

  56. William M. Dickson “A Leaf from the Unwritten History of the Rebellion,” draft, Dickson Papers, William L. Clements Library, University of Michigan.

  57. Washington correspondence by W., 7 Oct., Cincinnati Commercial, 8 Oct. 1862.

  58. General S. S. Sumner, “General Sumner and Lincoln,” The Magazine of History with Notes and Queries, Extra number, no. 153 (1924), Rare Lincolniana no. 37, p. 38.

  59. Headquarters of the Army of the Potomac correspondence, 4 Oct., New York Herald, 7 Oct. 1862.

  60. Washington correspondence, 6 Oct., Philadelphia Inquirer, 7 Oct. 1862.

  61. John L. Parker, Henry Wilson’s Regiment (Boston: Rand Avery, 1887), 205.

  62. William C. Davis, Lincoln’s Men: How President Lincoln Became Father to an Army and a Nation (New York: Free Press, 1999), 81.

  63. Allan Nevins, ed., A Diary of Battle: The Personal Journals of Colonel Charles S. Wainwright, 1861–1865 (New York: Harcourt, Brace & World, 1962), 109 (entry for 2 Oct. 1862).

  64. Flavius J. Bellamy to his parents, Sharpsburg, 4 Oct. 1862, Flavius J. Bellamy Papers, Indiana State Library.

  65. Thomas H. Mann to his family, 7 Oct. 1862, in John J. Hennessy, ed., Fighting with the Eighteenth Massachusetts: The Civil War Memoir of Thomas H. Mann (Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2000), 106.

  66. Walter and Bob Carter to an unidentified correspondent, opposite Shepardstown, 3 Oct. 1862, in Robert Goldthwaite Carter, Four Brothers in Blue; or, Sunshine and Shadows of the War of the Rebellion, A Story of the Great Civil War from Bull Run to Appomattox (Washington, DC: Gibson Brothers, 1913), 137.

  67. Headquarters of the Army of the Potomac correspondence, 2 Oct., New York Herald, 7 Oct. 1862.

  68. Stephen W. Sears, ed., The Civil War Papers of George B. McClellan (New York: Ticknor and Fields, 1989), 490.

  69. Washington correspondence by Van [D. W. Bartlett], 7 Oct., Springfield, Massachusetts, Republican, 11 Oct. 1862.

  70. David Davis to Leonard Swett, Washington, 26 Nov. 1862, David Davis Papers, IHi.

  71. Spirit of the Times (New York), n.d., copied in the Cincinnati Commercial, 24 Oct. 1862.

  72. McClellan to his wife, Sharpsburg, 2 Oct. 1862, Sears, ed., McClellan Papers, 488.

  73. O. M. Hatch interviewed by Nicolay, Springfield, June 1875, in Burlingame, ed., Oral History of Lincoln, 16.

  74. Sharpsburg correspondence, 8 Oct., New York Times, 12 Oct. 1862.

  75. Du Pont to his wife, Washington, 16 Oct. 1862, and at sea aboard the Keystone, 10 21 Oct. 1862; and to Henry Winter Davis, 25 Oct. 1862, in John D. Hayes, ed., Samuel Francis Du P
ont: A Selection from His Civil War Letters (3 vols.; Ithaca, NY: Published for the Eleutherian Mills Historical Library by the Cornell University Press, 1969), 2:245–247, 251–253.

  76. Benjamin Brown French, Witness to the Young Republic: A Yankee’s Journal, 1828–1870, ed. Donald B. Cole and John J. McDonough (Hanover, NH: University Press of New England, 1989), 405 (entry for 3 August. 1862).

  77. Washington correspondence by Van [D. W. Bartlett], 17 Dec., Springfield, Massachusetts, Republican, 19 Dec. 1862.

  78. Lincoln quoted by Frederick Law Olmsted in Nevins and Thomas, eds., Strong Diary, 3:278 (entry for 13 Dec. 1862); Horace Furness to his wife, Washington, 24 Nov. 1862, H. H. F. Joyce, ed., The Letters of Horace Furness (2 vols.; Boston: Houghton Mifflin 1922), 1:125–127.

  79. Washington correspondence, 18 Nov., New York Times, 19 Nov. 1862.

  80. Halleck to McClellan, Washington, 6 Oct. 1862, The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies (128 vols.; Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1880–1891) [hereafter OR], I, 19:72.

  81. Halleck to Elizabeth Hamilton Halleck, Washington, 7 Oct. 1862, Schoff Civil War Collection, William L. Clements Library, University of Michigan.

  82. Halleck to McClellan, Washington, 14 Oct. 1862, OR, I, 19, 2:421.

  83. Lincoln to McClellan, Washington, 25 Oct. 1862, CWL, 5:474.

  84. Stephen W. Sears, George B. McClellan: The Young Napoleon (New York: Ticknor & Fields, 1988), 334.

  85. Lincoln to McClellan, Washington, 27 Oct. 1862, CWL, 5:479.

  86. Nicolay to Therena Bates, Washington, 13 Oct. 1862, in Burlingame, ed., With Lincoln in the White House, 89.

  87. Lincoln to McClellan, Washington, 26 Oct. 1862, CWL, 5:477.

  88. Smith to Thurlow Weed, Washington, 29 Sept. 1862, Weed Papers, University of Rochester.

  89. Chandler to his wife, Washington, 10 Dec. 1862, Chandler Papers, DLC.

  90. Willet Raynor to Zachariah Chandler, Burr Oak, Michigan, 4 Dec. 1862, ibid.

  91. Lincoln to McClellan, Washington, 13 Oct. 1862, CWL, 5:460–461.

  92. Adams S. Hill to Sydney Howard Gay, Washington, 13 Oct. 1862, in Louis Morris Starr, Bohemian Brigade: Civil War Newsmen in Action (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1954), 152.