The Scientist and the Spy
Page 30
Grant, Hugh, 85
Greenpeace, 55
Green Revolution, 85
Griess, Jason
and case theories, 163–64
and FISA warrant, 206, 207–9
Mo case role, 205–6
and Mo indictment, 176
and Mo pretrial hearing, 220
and Mo’s defense attorneys, 192
and Mo sentencing, 226–27, 228, 229–30
and Mo Yun case dismissal, 214–15
and Mo Yun pretrial hearing, 213
and seized seed analysis, 161, 206
Hartnett, John, 234
Heartland Co-op, 68
He Fangxun, 9
Hi-Bred Corn Company, 46–47
See also DuPont Pioneer
Holden flashlight breeding case, 112–13, 232
Holden Foundation Seeds, 112
Hoover, J. Edgar, 71, 74, 233
Houston Chronicle, 242
Howley, Sean, 108
“How Red China Spies” (Hoover), 74
Huang, Kexue, 35
Huntsman, Jon, Jr., 188
hybrid corn seed, 46–47
See also hybrid seed licensing
hybrid seed licensing
and DBN Monee, Illinois, farm, 88–89, 90, 93, 135–36, 167–68, 216
Montgomery’s personal efforts, 90, 217–18
inbred corn seed
Chinese government domestic goal, 14–15, 114, 121–22, 163
China’s need for, 14–15
growing methods, 3
Holden flashlight breeding case, 112–13, 232
and hybrid corn origins, 46
isozyme electrophoresis test for, 113
and natural pollination, 46
and super seeds, 169
See also DBN reverse engineering plan
indigenous innovation, 23, 162
industrial espionage
alternative solutions, 229
Chinese campaign, 236
counterfeiting, 25
history of, 31–32
Mo on, 253–54
and seed industry consolidation, 113
stolen technology value estimates, 187–89
technological tools for, 32, 34
as U.S. national security threat, 32, 78, 94–95
See also Chinese industrial espionage; FBI industrial espionage focus
Infinite Self-Storage, 137
insider threat approach, 80–81, 96, 172
Institute of Engineering Thermophysics (Chinese Academy of Sciences), 11
intellectual property protections
Chinese government attitude toward, 131, 218
as constraint on innovation, 187
and flashlight seed breeding, 112–13
history of, 31
and Monsanto antitrust suit, 49–50, 114
and secrecy, 63
tech agreements, 98, 245
Intelligence Threat Handbook, 94–95, 106–7
International Agency for Research on Cancer, 252
internet, 32
Iowa State University, 5–6, 39
isozyme electrophoresis test, 113
Japanese-American internment, 240–41
Jen, Chih-Kung, 76
Jet Propulsion Laboratory, 72
Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 58–59
Jin, Hanjuan, 143
Jinse Nonghua, 14
See also Kings Nower
Justice Department Computer Crime and Intellectual Property Section, 154
Karabasevic, Dejan, 108–9
Kármán, Theodore von, 72
Kim, Andrew Chongseh, 155
Kimball, Dan, 73–74
Kings Nower
fifteenth anniversary of, 238–39
founding of, 14
as large Chinese seed company, 61
Li Shaoming role in, 15
marketing materials, 61–62
and Monee, Illinois, farm, 117–18
office of, 61
Stine licensing agreement, 80
See also Dabeinong; DBN reverse engineering plan; Mo, Robert
Kluger, Matthew, 248
knowledge spillover, 187
Krickbaum, Marc, 213
Lannate, 47
Larbalestier, David, 152
Lee, Wen Ho, 104–6, 108, 154, 156, 186
Leonard, Robert, 219, 221–23
Lewis, James A., 34
Lewis, Meriwether, 96
Li, Carolyn (Ping Li), 11–12, 13, 172, 175, 191, 227, 256
Li, Kening, 209
Lieu, Ted, 150–51
Lincenberg, Gary, 213
Lin Yong
and DBN reverse engineering plan illegality, 130–32, 139, 220
FBI identification of, 117
FBI surveillance of, 143–44, 158–59, 176
inbred corn sample collecting, 128–30, 138, 164, 209–10
indictment of, 176–77
Mo’s complaints about, 121
and Most Wanted list, 235
and seed shipments, 119
Li Shaoming
and Bondurant Monsanto field incident, 5, 7, 17, 130
border search, 142–44, 146–47
and domestic inbred seed goal, 121–22
indictment of, 176–77
informing on Mo, 144, 146–47
and Kings Nower fifteenth anniversary, 239
Kings Nower role of, 15
and Mo case, 196, 209
and Montgomery hiring process, 37, 57, 62
and Mo’s discomfort with DBN reverse engineering plan, 8, 16–17
Mo’s frustration with, 52
and Most Wanted list, 235
Mo Yun case, 199
and nationalism, 57
and reverse engineering plan, 15, 16, 57, 129, 131, 139, 169
and seed transport, 137–41
Stine headquarters trip, 80
and Xi Jinping, 175
and Ye Jian/Lin Yong seed collecting, 129
Liu, Ling Woo, 70–71
Liu, Lowen, 106
Lorenzo, Angel, 115–17
Los Alamos National Laboratory, 104, 156
Los Angeles Times, 103
Lowell, Francis Cabot, 31–32
Lynch, Loretta, 150, 154, 208
Madoff, Bernie, 248
Mao Li (Molly), 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 126
Mattis, Peter, 107–9, 110
McCarthyism, 155
MD Anderson Cancer Center, 203–4, 241, 242, 243–44
Miller, Stephen, 250
Mo, Robert (Hailong)
arrest of, 171–73, 174–75, 178
author’s prison interview with, 246–49, 253–55
awareness of FBI surveillance, 138
and Cheng, 79–80, 86, 121–22, 208, 220
childhood of, 8–10, 54
and Chinese agricultural delegation, 84
DBN hiring, 8, 12–13
defense attorneys for, 191–92, 208, 219–20
deportation of, 256
and detective stories, 10, 54
detention of, 175–76, 177
discomfort with DBN reverse engineering plan, 8, 15–17, 53–54
DuPont Pioneer seed purchase, 97–99
education of, 10–11, 24, 41–43
family in China, 190, 192, 193
FBI identification of, 28–30
FBI surveillance of, 78–79, 94–99, 115–17, 118–19, 120–22, 176
guilty plea, 224–25
health of, 148, 175, 191, 202–4, 219, 228, 248
house arrest of, 190–91<
br />
imprisonment of, 247–48
indictment of, 176–77
insecurity about illegal work, 86–87
legal activities for DBN, 8, 192–93
Li Shaoming informs on, 144, 146–47
and Monee, Illinois, farm, 88, 89, 117, 118
move to United States, 11–12
name change of, 10, 247
personal life of, 11-12, 57, 78–79, 172, 174–75, 191, 227
plea deal, 223–25
and racism and xenophobia, 53
and Redfield farm, 164
seed shipments, 51, 119–20
and seed transport, 138–40
sentencing of, 226–31
and Tiananmen Square protests, 11, 254
vulnerability of, 147–48, 177
See also Mo case; Mo-Montgomery interactions
Mo case
author’s first contact with, 18–20, 26
author’s investigation of, 66–67, 68, 69–71
Betten research, 50–51
Bondurant Monsanto field incident, 1–6, 7, 17, 30, 51, 79, 130, 176, 209–10
border searches, 142–43, 144–45, 146–47
China-bound seed package search, 119
and corporate legal cooperation, 186, 189
cost of, 120, 206, 235
DBN offices search, 172
DuPont Pioneer seed-stealing incident, 7, 28, 30, 34, 45, 50–51, 79
expert witnesses in, 209, 221–23
FBI Montgomery interview, 123–27
FISA warrant, 120–22, 206, 207–9
Griess role, 205–6
lack of impact on DBN, 239
media coverage, 18, 178, 179, 193
Mo arrest, 172–73, 178
Mo house arrest, 190–91
Monsanto and DuPont Pioneer as victims in, 50, 93, 159–60, 189, 210, 224, 227, 228–29
Monsanto/DuPont Pioneer subpoenas, 209–10
Montgomery as informant, 127, 133–36, 167, 168, 179, 220
Montgomery interrogation, 124–27
Mo pretrial hearings, 219, 221–23
Mo’s conspiracy theories, 193, 210, 253–54
Mo’s defense attorneys, 191–92
Mo sentencing, 226–31
Mo surveillance, 78–79, 94–99, 115–17, 118–19, 120–22, 176
Mo Yun arrest, 195–201, 235
Mo Yun case dismissal, 214–15, 219
Mo Yun pretrial hearing, 211, 212–14
Muddy Hooves as Mo’s code name, 78, 95–99
Operation Purple Maze as code name for, 78
Pioneer ethnic Chinese breeders, 172
plea deal, 223–25
and profiling of ethnic Chinese, 219–20, 232, 245
and proof of intent, 210
risks for FBI of, 35
seized seed analysis, 144, 158–59, 160–61, 206
Stine investigation, 81–82, 122
story of, 23–24
theories of, 163–64
and U.S.-Chinese economic relations, 178, 179, 251
Yao mortgage brokerage search, 172
Ye Jian/Lin Yong surveillance, 143–44, 158, 176
Mo-Montgomery interactions
and hybrid seed licensing, 135–36, 167–68, 216
Monee, Illinois, farm purchase, 88, 89
and Monee farmhouse remodeling and break-in, 134–35
and Montgomery as FBI informant, 134, 135, 167
Montgomery’s Beijing DBN headquarters trip, 59, 61–64, 127
and Montgomery’s suspicions, 111, 180
tensions, 92–93, 167–68
Texas Roadhouse interview, 36–37, 38–39, 41–43, 57
Monee, Illinois, farm. See DBN Monee, Illinois, farm
Monsanto
antitrust suit against, 49–50, 92, 114, 159–60, 189
Bayer purchase of, 217, 252
Bondurant seed-stealing incident, 1–6, 7, 17, 30, 51, 79, 130, 176, 209–10
“check hybrids” from, 90
Chinese reactions to, 54–55
consolidation of, 47–48
and developing-world markets, 92
DuPont Pioneer competition, 159, 160–61
genetically modified corn, 2–3, 47–49, 54–55, 56
international reach of, 14
and Iowa State University, 5–6
litigious nature of, 3, 114
Mo case subpoena, 209–10
name change of, 252
and pesticide-resistant weeds, 91–92
Roundup Ready seed, 91–92, 114, 160, 161
and seized seed analysis, 159, 160
and Stine firm, 29
tech agreements, 98
as victim in Mo case, 50, 93, 159–60, 189, 210, 224, 227, 228–29
and World Food Prize Foundation, 85
See also DBN reverse engineering plan
Montgomery, Bill, 60
Montgomery, Kevin
author’s interview with, 166n
background of, 39
Beijing DBN headquarters trip, 58–65, 114, 125–27
character of, 37–38, 39–40
critique of DBN reverse engineering plan, 165–67, 169–70
and DBN Monee, Illinois, farm, 88–91, 93, 111–12
Facebook post by, 179–80
as FBI informant, 127, 133–36, 167, 168, 179, 220
FBI interview, 123–27
and Holden flashlight breeding case, 112, 232
and hybrid seed licensing project, 88–89, 90, 93, 135–36, 167–68, 218
and Mo sentencing, 232
and profiling of ethnic Chinese, 232
reactions of, 216–17
as seed breeder, 39–41, 43, 63, 90, 126, 217–18
suspicions of, 89, 111–12, 113, 114, 180
Texas Roadhouse interview, 36–37, 38–39, 41–43, 57
See also Mo-Montgomery interactions
Moore, Paul, 101, 102–4, 107
Mo Shifang, 8–10
Moss, Diana, 41
Mo Yun
arrest of, 195–201, 212–14, 235
case dismissal, 214–15, 219
childhood of, 9
DBN reverse engineering plan, 15
DBN role, 12, 13, 15, 41, 195, 198, 201
pretrial hearing, 211, 212–15
pretrial release of, 202
U.S. trip, 194
MSS (Chinese Ministry of State Security), 106, 107, 108, 110, 236
Mueller, Robert, 183
multilayered theory of espionage, 109
National Institutes of Health (NIH), 241–44
National Security Agency (NSA), 131, 207
Navarro, Peter, 250
New Republic, The, 33
Niebur, William, 218
9/11, 33–34, 69, 142, 183
Nixon, Richard, 70, 86
North Atlantic Treaty Organization, 105
North by Northwest (Hitchcock), 249
NSA (National Security Agency), 131, 207
Obama, Barack, 67, 85, 212
Occupy Wall Street movement, 41, 91
Office of Personnel Management data breach, 110
Office of the National Counterintelligence Executive, 78, 188
Ong, Aryani, 154
Operation Purple Maze, 78
See also Mo case
Origin Agritech, 218
Pan, Yuling, 222
Parker, James A., 106
Pei, Steven, 244
People, 106–7
People’s Liberation Army, 107
People’s Republic of China. See Chinese government
pesticides, 3,
47, 48, 64, 91–92
Phillips, Randal, 24–25
Pioneer. See DuPont Pioneer
Pioneer 335 seed line, 25, 26, 55
Pompeo, Mike, 255–56
profiling of ethnic Chinese. See ethnic Chinese, profiling of
Prairie Farmer, 39
prejudice against ethnic Chinese, 53, 68–69, 224
See also ethnic Chinese, profiling of
Purple Maze Operation, 78
See also Mo case
Qian Yonggang, 73
Rab, Bill and Ann, 117–18
racial profiling. See ethnic Chinese, profiling of
Reina, Alex, 115–17
Republican National Convention, 182
reverse engineering. See DBN reverse engineering plan
Roberts, Clark, 108
Rodriguez, Valentin, 175
Roosevelt, Franklin Delano, 47
Rose, Stephanie
judicial career of, 211–12
and Mo pretrial hearing, 220, 222, 223
and Mo sentencing, 227–28, 231
and Mo Yun pretrial hearing, 211, 212, 214
and plea deal, 224–25
and profiling of ethnic Chinese, 245
Roth, John Reece, 108
Roundup (glyphosate), 3, 47, 252
See also Roundup Ready seed
Roundup Ready seed, 48–49, 91–92, 114, 160, 161
Russell, Bertrand, 39–40
Schubbe, Brian, 89–90
Science, 19, 22
Senate Intelligence Committee, 239
September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks, 33–34, 69, 142, 183
Shao Genhuo
background of, 14
and Kings Nower fifteenth anniversary, 239
and Mo hiring, 12
and Montgomery’s Beijing DBN headquarters trip, 62
Mo’s report on border searches, 147
and Mo Yun, 194
and Xi Jinping, 162, 163, 175
Sheng, Harry, 70–71, 75
Sherlock Holmes (Doyle), 54
Shue, Haipei, 150
Simone, Joe, 26
Sinovel, 109
Skinner, Kiron, 254
Snowden, Edward, 207
“Snow” (Mo), 255
Stahl, Lesley, 186
Stein, Jeff, 100–101, 107, 219–20
Stine, Harry, 29, 30
Stine (breeding firm), 29, 30, 79, 80–82, 122
See also Cheng, Lily
Stratfor, 107
Successful Farming, 39
super seeds, 169
superweeds, 92
Syngenta, 68, 238
Taylor, C. Robert, 41
tech agreements, 98, 245
Theil, Alex, 25
Thomas, Joel, 97, 98, 163, 220, 244–45
thousand grains of sand theory, 101–4, 110, 122, 234
Thousand Talents program, 241–44
Tiananmen Square protests (1989), 11, 254
Tien, Chang-Lin Tien, 76, 77