Abraham Lincoln: A Life, Volume 1

by Michael Burlingame

  145. Weed to the Lincoln Club of New York, 12 Feb. 1879, ibid., 2:296.

  146. Jeriah Bonham, Fifty Years’ Recollections (Peoria, IL: J. W. Franks & Sons, 1883), 182.

  147. Lincoln to David Davis, Springfield, 26 May 1860, Roy P. Basler and Christian O. Basler, eds., Collected Works of Abraham Lincoln, Second Supplement (New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1990), 20.

  148. Lincoln to Trumbull, Springfield, 5 June 1860, CWL, 4:71.

  149. Barnes, Weed Autobiography, 2:603.

  150. Albany Evening Journal, 26, 23 May 1860.

  151. Gideon Welles, “Recollections in regard to the Formation of Mr Lincoln’s Cabinet,” undated manuscript, Abraham Lincoln Collection, Beinecke Library, Yale University.

  152. Martin Franklin Conway to Weed, Springfield, Illinois, 22 July 1860, Weed Papers, University of Rochester.

  153. Weed to Seward, Davenport, Iowa, 20 May 1860, Seward Papers, University of Rochester.

  154. George M. Grier to Seward, Chicago, 18 May 1860, Seward Papers, University of Rochester.

  155. Seward to his wife, Washington, 30 May 1860, Seward, Seward at Washington, 1:454.

  156. Charles Francis Adams, 1835–1915: An Autobiography (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1916), 69.

  157. Joseph Medill to Frederic Bancroft, n.p., 18 Feb. 1898, Frederic Bancroft, The Life of William H. Seward (2 vols.; New York: Harper and Brothers, 1900), 1:531n.

  158. William P. Fessenden to his son William, Washington, 19 May 1860, and to Elizabeth Warriner, Washington, 20 May 1860, Fessenden Family Papers, Bowdoin College.

  159. Seward to Weed, Auburn, 26 June 1860, Weed Papers, University of Rochester.

  160. A. A. S[argent] to the editor, New York, 28 May 1860, New York Tribune, 29 May 1860.

  161. James Watson Webb to Thurlow Weed, n.p., 28 June 1860, James Watson Webb Papers, Yale University; James Watson Webb in the New York Courier and Enquirer, 25 May, copied in the New York Herald, 27 May 1860.

  162. Auburn, New York, correspondence, 23 Aug., New York Herald, 27 Aug. 1860.

  163. Chicago correspondence by G[eorge] D[awson], 19 May, Albany Evening Journal, 21 May 1860.

  164. Ibid., 28 May 1860.

  165. Weed to Swett, Albany, 7 June 1860, David Davis Papers, IHi.

  166. Albany Evening Journal, 20 July 1860.

  167. George William Curtis to Anna Shaw Curtis, Chicago, 19 May 1860, Curtis Papers, Harvard University.

  168. William Schouler to Israel Washburn, Boston, 14 June 1860, Washburn Family Papers, Washburn Memorial Library, Norlands, Maine.

  169. William S. Robinson to his nephew, n.p., n.d., in William S. Robinson, “Warrington” Pen-Portraits: A Collection of Personal and Political Reminiscences (Boston: Lee and Shepard, 1877), 91.

  170. William P. Porter to Henry L. Dawes, North Adams, 29 May 1860, Dawes Papers, DLC.

  171. New York correspondence by “Launcelot,” 31 May, Press and Tribune, n.d., clipping in scrapbook # 11, Edmund C. Stedman Papers, Columbia University.

  172. John Bigelow to William Hargreaves, New York, 17 June, 30 July 1860, Bigelow Papers, New York Public Library.

  173. E. G. Brooks to Israel Washburn, New York, 7 June 1860, Gaillard Hunt, Israel, Elihu and Cadwallader Washburn: A Chapter in American Biography (New York: Macmillan, 1925), 73.

  174. Washington Hunt to John Bell, Lockport, New York, 24 May 1860, John Bell Papers, DLC.

  175. Lincoln to Davis, Springfield, 26 May 1860, Roy P. Basler, ed., Collected Works of Abraham Lincoln, First Supplement, 1832–1865 (Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1973), 54.

  176. Lincoln to Schurz, Springfield, 18 June 1860, CWL, 4:78.

  177. Lincoln to Swett, Springfield, 26 and 30 May 1860, ibid., 4:55, 57.

  178. Scripps to Herndon, Chicago, 24 June 1865, Douglas L. Wilson and Rodney O. Davis, eds., Herndon’s Informants: Letters, Interviews, and Statements about Abraham Lincoln [hereafter HI] (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1998), 57.

  179. “Lincoln as He Is,” Chicago Press and Tribune, 23 May 1860.

  180. Lincoln to Samuel Galloway, Springfield, 19 June 1860, CWL, 4:79–80.

  181. James A. Briggs to Lincoln, New York, 25 May 1860, AL MSS DLC.

  182. CWL, 4:60.

  183. New York Times, 5 Nov. 1860.

  184. Benjamin G. Wright to the editor, n.p., n.d., Rock Island Weekly Register, n.d., copied in the Rock Island Argus, n.d., copied in the Illinois State Register (Springfield), 20 Aug. 1860.

  185. Lincoln to William S. Speer, Springfield, 23 Oct. 1860, CWL, 4:130.

  186. New Orleans Louisianian, n.d., copied in the Chicago Press and Tribune, 3 Nov. 1860.

  187. Lincoln to James E. Harvey, Springfield, 2 Oct. 1860, CWL, 4:125.

  188. Lincoln to G. Yoke Tams, Springfield, 22 Sept. 1860, ibid., 4:119.

  189. James Quay Howard’s notes of an interview with Lincoln, ca. May 1860, AL MSS DLC.

  190. George G. Fogg to Lincoln, New York, 18 Aug. 1860, AL MSS DLC.

  191. Norwich, Connecticut, Bulletin, [22 Aug. 1860], copied in the New York World, 27 Aug. 1860.

  192. Douglas’s speech in Fort Wayne, Indiana, Washington States and Union, 10 Oct. 1860.

  193. Ibid.

  194. Douglas’s speech at Baltimore, Washington States and Union, 8 Sept. 1860.

  195. Speech in Chicago, 5 Oct., Illinois State Register (Springfield), 8 Oct. 1860.

  196. Illinois State Journal (Springfield), 24 and 30 July 1860.

  197. Illinois State Register (Springfield), 9 Aug. 1860.

  198. Illinois State Journal (Springfield), 9 Aug. 1860; Springfield correspondence, 9 Aug., New York Herald, 14 Aug. 1860.

  199. Springfield correspondence, 8 Aug., Cincinnati Gazette, n.d., copied in the New York Courier and Enquirer, 13 Aug. 1860.

  200. Letter by Goyne S. Pennington, Pittsfield, Illinois, 7 July 1910, Pike County Democrat (Pittsfield), 29 July 1910.

  201. Michael Burlingame, ed., With Lincoln in the White House: Letters, Memoranda, and Other Writings of John G. Nicolay, 1860–1865 (Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 2000), xv-xvi.

  202. John W. Bunn to Weik, Springfield, 20 July 1916, in Weik, Real Lincoln, ed. Burlingame, 321; Michael Burlingame, ed., At Lincoln’s Side: John Hay’s Civil War Correspondence and Selected Writings (Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 2000), xviii.

  203. Springfield correspondence, 7 Nov., New York Tribune, 12 Nov. 1860.

  204. Francis B. Carpenter, The Inner Life of Abraham Lincoln: Six Months at the White House (New York: Hurd and Houghton, 1867), 113.

  205. Bateman, Lincoln, 16–23; Bateman, interview with Ida Tarbell, 22 Jan. 1895, Tarbell Papers, Allegheny College.

  206. Letter by “tourist,” n.p., n.d., Missouri Democrat (St. Louis), 26 July 1860.

  207. Memorandum by Nicolay, 16 Oct. 1860, Burlingame, ed., With Lincoln in the White House, 6–7.

  208. Springfield correspondence, 28 Jan., New York Evening Post, 1 Feb. 1861.

  209. Theodore Calvin Pease and James G. Randall, eds., The Diary of Orville Hickman Browning (2 vols.; Springfield: Illinois State Historical Library, 1925–1933), 1:415 (entry for 12 June 1860).

  210. Springfield correspondence, 16 Oct., New York Herald, 20 Oct. 1860.

  211. Springfield correspondence, 1 Oct., ibid.

  212. New York Daily News, 20 Aug. 1860.

  213. Bonham, Fifty Years’ Recollections, 183.

  214. Endorsement dated 21 July 1861, on John Wood et al. to Seward, Springfield, 21 July 1861, CWL, 4:86.

  215. Chicago correspondence, 1 Oct., New York Herald, 2 Oct. 1860.

  216. Chicago correspondence, 1 Oct., Albany Evening Journal, 2 Oct. 1860.

  217. Springfield correspondence, 16 Oct., New York Herald, 20 Oct. 1860.

  218. New York Journal of Commerce, 5 Sept. 1860.

  219. New York Herald, 18 Oct. 1860.

  220. Fogg to Lincoln, Washington, 5 Feb. 1861, AL MSS DLC.

  221. Greeley to Sc
huyler Colfax, New York, 5 Feb. 1858, Greeley Papers, New York Public Library.

  222. Seward said this to Congressman John F. Potter of Wisconsin. Schurz, Reminiscences, 2:221–222; Potter’s account, given in 1867 to George B. Lincoln, in George B. Lincoln to Gideon Welles, Riverdale, New Jersey, 25 Apr. 1874, in “New Light on the Seward-Welles-Lincoln Controversy,” Lincoln Lore #1718 (Apr. 1981): 3.

  223. Seward to his wife, Washington, 17 May 1861, 1:575.

  224. Fogg to Norman B. Judd, New York, 11 Sept. 1860, AL MSS DLC.

  225. Leslie Coombs, speech in New York, 24 Oct., New York Times, 25 Oct. 1860.

  226. Illinois State Register (Springfield), 25 May 1860.

  227. Letter dated Auburn, 22 May, New York Times, 24 May 1860.

  228. Schurz to his wife, Alton, 25 July 1860, Frederic Bancroft, ed., Speeches, Correspondence and Political Papers of Carl Schurz (6 vols.; New York: G.P. Putnam’s Sons, 1913), 1:120–121.

  229. Springfield correspondence, 1 Oct., New York Herald, 20 Oct. 1860.

  230. Springfield correspondence, 21 June, Utica, New York, Herald, 27 June 1860, copied in the New York Tribune, 9 July 1860.

  231. Chicago correspondence, 22 Sept., Missouri Democrat (St. Louis), 25 Sept. 1860.

  232. Springfield correspondence, 8 Aug., New York Herald, 13 Aug. 1860.

  233. Josiah G. Holland, The Life of Abraham Lincoln (Springfield, MA: Gurdon Bill, 1866), 236–237.

  234. Edgar De Witt Jones, Lincoln and the Preachers (New York: Harper, 1948), 181.

  235. Springfield correspondence, 21 June 1860, Utica, New York, Herald, 27 June 1860, copied in the New York Tribune, 9 July 1860.

  236. Springfield correspondence by J. L., Aug. 1860 [no day of the month indicated], Philadelphia North American and United States Gazette, 22 Aug. 1860.

  237. Richard C. McCormick’s reminiscences, New York, 29 Apr., New York Evening Post, 3 May 1865.

  238. Lincoln to James F. Babcock, Springfield, 13 Sept. 1860, CWL, 4:114.

  239. Albert B. Chandler in Harper’s Monthly 32 (Feb. 1866):405.

  240. Le Grand B. Cannon, Personal Reminiscences of the Rebellion, 1861–1866 (New York: Burr Printing House, 1895), 169.

  241. Barry’s reminiscences, Boston Transcript, 1902, in Rufus Rockwell Wilson, Lincoln in Portraiture (New York: Press of the Pioneers, 1935), 92.

  242. Thomas Hicks in Rice, ed., Reminiscences of Lincoln, 602.

  243. Pease and Randall, eds., Browning Diary, 1:415 (entry for 13 June 1860).

  244. Lincoln to John M. Read, Springfield, 27 Aug. 1860, CWL, 4:102.

  245. Nicolay to Therena Bates, Springfield, 26 Aug. 1860, Burlingame, ed., With Lincoln in the White House, 5.

  246. Brown, diary entry for 26 Aug. 1860, in McClure’s Magazine, 1896, 400.

  247. Nicolay to John M. Read, Springfield, 27 Aug. 1860, Burlingame, ed., With Lincoln in the White House, 5.

  248. Nicolay to Brown, Springfield, 5 Oct. 1860, Ibid., 6.

  249. Alban Jasper Conant, “A Portrait Painter’s Reminiscences of Lincoln,” McClure’s Magazine 32 (Mar. 1909):515.

  250. Springfield correspondence, 4 Sept., New York Evening Post, 8 Sept. 1860.

  251. Washington Republican, n.d., copied in the New York Evening Post, 27 June 1865.

  252. Springfield correspondence by W., 14 Nov., Philadelphia Evening Bulletin, 21 Nov. 1860.

  253. Nicolay, “Lincoln’s Personal Appearance,” Century Magazine, Oct. 1891, 933.

  254. Richard C. McCormick’s reminiscences, New York, 29 Apr., New York Evening Post, 3 May 1865.

  255. Thomas D. Jones to [William Linn McMillen], Springfield, 30 Dec. 1860 and 11 Feb. 1861, Lincoln Collection, Lilly Library, InU.

  256. Brown to John M. Read, Springfield, 16 Aug. 1860, Read Family Papers, DLC.

  257. Albany Argus, 15 Sept. 1860, in Richard J. Carwardine, Evangelicals and Politics in Antebellum America (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1993), 430n90.

  258. Lincoln to Leonard Swett, Springfield, 30 May 1860, CWL, 4:57.

  259. Putnam to Leonard Swett, n.p., n.d., copy in Lincoln’s hand of an enclosure in Swett to Lincoln, n.p., [July 1860], AL MSS DLC.

  260. Letter by Putnam to the Republicans of Wyoming, New York, n.d., Albany Evening Journal, 12 July 1860; speech by Putnam at Fredonia, New York, New York Tribune, 5 June 1860.

  261. Buffalo Commercial Advertiser, n.d., copied in the New York Tribune, 6 June 1860.

  262. Washington Hunt to John Bell, Lockport, 24 May 1860, John Bell Papers, DLC.

  263. Henry Winter Davis to David Davis, [Baltimore, June 1860], David Davis Papers, IHi.

  264. Lincoln to Richard W. Thompson, Springfield, 18 June 1860, CWL, 4:79

  265. Lincoln to Richard W. Thompson, Springfield, 10 July 1860, ibid., 4:82–83.

  266. Nicolay, “Lincoln in the Campaign of 1860,” in Burlingame, ed., Oral History of Lincoln, 94–95.

  267. James E. Harvey to Lincoln, Washington, 21 May 1860, AL MSS DLC.

  268. Charles Leib to Lincoln, Chicago, 6 June 1860, ibid.

  269. Schuyler Colfax to Lincoln, Washington, 26 May 1860, ibid.

  270. Washburne to Lincoln, Washington, 20 May 1860, ibid.

  271. Trumbull to Lincoln, Washington, 22 May 1860, ibid.

  272. Carl Wittke, Refugees of Revolution: The German Forty-Eighters in America (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1952), 214.

  273. Unidentified correspondent in Washington, Indiana, undated letter, quoted in the Missouri Democrat (St. Louis), 25 June 1860.

  274. B. O. Tyler to Henry L. Dawes, Trenton, 14 June 1860, Dawes Papers, DLC.

  275. Crittenden’s speeches of 2 Aug. and 30 Oct., Louisville correspondence, 2 Aug., New York Times, 8 Aug. 1860, Cincinnati Commercial, 31 Oct. 1860.

  276. Davis to an unidentified correspondent, n.p., n.d., New York World, 24 July 1860.

  277. Harrisburg correspondence, 6 Sept., New York Herald, 13 Sept. 1859.

  278. A. K. McClure to Lincoln, Chambersburg, 16 June 1860, AL MSS DLC.

  279. Philadelphia Pennsylvanian, 14 May 1860, quoted in Robert L. Bloom, “Newspaper Opinion in the State Election of 1860,” Pennsylvania History 28 (1961):352.

  280. McClure to Lincoln, Chambersburg, 2 July 1860, AL MSS DLC.

  281. Lincoln to Swett, Springfield, 16 July 1860, CWL, 4:84.

  282. Joseph J. Lewis to Jesse W. Fell, West Chester, 25 Sept. 1860, Fell Papers, DLC.

  283. Lincoln to whom it may concern, Springfield, 2 Aug. 1860, Basler, ed., Collected Works of Lincoln, First Supplement, 58; Lincoln to Simon Cameron, Springfield, 6 Aug. 1860, CWL, 4:91.

  284. Davis to Lincoln, Harrisburg, 5 Aug. 1860, AL MSS DLC.

  285. Weed to Lincoln, Albany, 13 Aug. 1860, ibid.

  286. Sanderson to Cameron, Philadelphia, 18 Aug. 1860, Cameron Papers, Dauphin County Historical Society, Harrisburg.

  287. Davis to Lincoln, Scranton, Pennsylvania, 12 Aug. 1860, AL MSS DLC.

  288. Lincoln to John Pomeroy, Springfield, 31 Aug. 1860, CWL, 4:103.

  289. Charles Henry Ray to Lincoln, Chicago, 27 June 1860, AL MSS DLC.

  290. Lincoln to Francis, Springfield, 4 Aug. 1860, CWL, 4:90.

  291. Lincoln to Henry Wilson, Springfield, 1 Sept. 1860, CWL, 4:109.

  292. Illinois State Register (Springfield), 13 July 1860.

  293. R. J. Haldeman to Thomas H. Seymour, Harrisburg, 22 May 1860, Thomas H. Seymour Papers, Connecticut Historical Society.

  294. Chicago Herald, 17 July 1860.

  295. Missouri Republican (St. Louis), 3 Aug., 12 Sept. 1860.

  296. “Isaac” to the editor, Independence, Missouri, 23 June 1860, ibid., 27 June 1860.

  297. Illinois State Register (Springfield), 2 Aug., 14, 28 Sept. 1860.

  298. New York Herald, 5, 18, and 19 Sept., 5 Nov. 1860.

  299. New York Daily News, copied in the New York Tribune, 25 Oct. 1860.

  300. New York Express, n.d., copied in The Liberator (Boston), 2 Nov. 1860.


  301. New York World, 25 Oct. 1860.

  302. New York Tribune, n.d., quoted in The Liberator (Boston), 9 Nov. 1860.

  303. New York Morning Examiner, 31 Oct. 1860.

  304. Crittenden, speech of 25 Oct. 1860, Boston Courier, 3 Nov. 1860, quoted in John V. Mering, “The Slave-State Constitutional Unionists and the Politics of Consensus,” Journal of Southern History 43 (1977):405.

  305. New York Times, 27, 28 June 1860.

  306. New York Times, 28 Aug. 1860.

  307. Indianapolis Daily Journal, quoted in Emma Lou Thornbrough, Indiana in the Civil War Era, 1850–1880 (Indianapolis: Indiana Historical Bureau, 1965), 92–93.

  308. Manchester, New Hampshire, Union Democrat, 22 May 1860.

  309. Speech of John Sherman at Chadd’s Ford, Pennsylvania, Chicago Press and Tribune, 17 Sept. 1860.

  310. Undated letter by Charles Hanks to the editor of the Decatur Magnet, copied in the Rockport, Indiana, Democrat, 11 Aug. 1860.

  311. Illinois State Journal (Springfield), 6 Sept. 1860.

  312. Springfield correspondence, 8 Aug., New York Herald, 13 Aug. 1860.

  313. Douglas’s speech in Fort Wayne, Indiana, Washington States and Union, 10 Oct. 1860.

  314. Lincoln to Haycraft, Springfield, 16 Aug. 1860, CWL, 4:97.

  315. Enclosure in Lincoln to George G. Fogg, Springfield, 16 Aug. 1860; Lincoln to Fogg, Springfield, 29 Aug. 1860, ibid., 4:96–97, 102.

  316. William Kellogg to Lincoln, Washington, 26 May 1860, AL MSS DLC.

  317. Simon P. Hanscom to William Kellogg, Washington, 26 May 1860, AL MSS DLC.

  318. James E. Harvey to John G. Nicolay, Washington, 25 Nov. 1860, AL MSS DLC.

  319. Springfield correspondence, 16 Oct., New York Herald, 20 Oct. 1860.

  320. Springfield correspondence, 1 Oct., New York Herald, 20 Oct. 1860.

  321. Hanscom to Lincoln, Boston, 24 Oct. 1860, AL MSS DLC.

  322. New York Herald, 20 Oct. 1860.

  323. Washington correspondence, 14 Oct., Sacramento Daily Union, 7 Nov. 1863, in Michael Burlingame, ed., Lincoln Observed: Civil War Dispatches of Noah Brooks (Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1998), 69–70.

  324. New York Times, 4 Sept. 1860.

  325. Illinois State Register (Springfield), 29 Sept. 1860.

  326. Springfield correspondence, 10 Oct., St. Louis Anzeiger des Westens, 15 Oct. 1860, in Germans for a Free Missouri: Translations from the St. Louis Radical Press, 1857–1862, selected and translated by Steven Rowan (Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 1983), 130.