Hannibal

by Patrick N Hunt

  Berneder, Helmut. Magna Mater-Kult und Sibyllinen: Kulttransfer und annalistische Geschichtsfiktion. Innsbruck, Aus.: Institut für Sprachen und Literaturen de Universität Innsbruck, 2004.

  Berrocal Caparros, María del Carmen. “Poblamiento romano en la Sierra Minera de Cartagena,” Pallas 50 (1999): 183–93.

  Beschaouch, Azedine. “De l’Africa latino-chrétienne à l’Ifriqiya arabo-musulmane: questions de toponymie.” Comptes-rendus des séances de l’Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres (CRAI) 130, no. 3 (1986): 530–49.

  Bickerman, Elias J. “An Oath of Hannibal.” Transactions and Proceedings of the American Philological Association (TAPA) 75 (1944): 87–102.

  Billot, Frances. “Representations of Hannibal: A Comparison of Iconic Themes and Events from the Life and Times of Hannibal.” PhD diss., University of Auckland, 2009.

  Blanco, A., and J. M. Luzón. “Pre-Roman Silver-Miners at Riotinto.” Archaeology 43 (1969): 124–31.

  Boardman, John, Jasper Griffin, and Oswyn Murray, eds. The Oxford History of the Roman World. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001. Reprint of New York: Oxford University Press, 1986 edition.

  Boccaccio, Giovanni. De Casibus Virorum Illustrium. Vol. 9. Tutte le opere di Giovanni Boccaccio under guidance of Pier Giorgio Ricci and Vittorio Zaccaria, ed. Vittore Branca, 12 vols. I Classici Mondadori. Milan, It.: Arnoldo Mondadori, 1983.

  ———. “Hannibal.” The Fates of Illustrious Men. Bk. 5. Translated by Lewis Brewer Hall. New York: Frederick Ungar, 1965.

  Bocquet, Aimé. Hannibal chez les Allobroges (Le grand traversée des Alpes, deuxième partie). Montmélian, Fr.: La Fontaine de Siloé, 2009.

  Bonnet, Corinne. “On Gods and Earth: The Tophet and the Construction of a New Identity in Punic Carthage.” In Cultural Identity in the Peoples of the Ancient Mediterranean, edited by Erich Gruen. Los Angeles: Getty Research Institute, 2011.

  Booms, Dirk, Belinda Crerar, and Susan Raikes. Roman Empire: Power and People. London: British Museum Press, 2013.

  Boularès, Habib. Hannibal. Paris: Librairie Académique Perrin, 2000.

  Bradford, Ernle. Hannibal. London: Folio Society, 1998. Reprint of New York: McGraw-Hill, 1981 edition.

  Brizzi, Giovanni. “Carthage and Hannibal in Roman and Greek Memory.” Chap. 27 in A Companion to the Punic Wars, edited by Dexter Hoyos. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell, 2011.

  ———. I sistemi informativi dei Romani. Historia Einzelschriften 39. Wiesbaden, Ger., 1982.

  ———. “L’armée et la guerre.” In La civilization phénicienne et punique: Manuel de recherche. Handbuch der Orientalistik, sec. 1: Near and Middle East. Vol. 20. Edited by V. Krings. Leiden, Neth.: E. J. Brill, 1995.

  ———. Scipione e Annibale. Rome: Editori Laterza, 2007.

  Brody, Aaron. “From the Hills of Adonis Through the Pillars of Hercules: Recent Advances in the Archaeology of Canaan and Phoenicia.” Near Eastern Archaeology 65, no. 1 (2002): 69–80.

  Brown, F., S. R. Driver, and C. A. Briggs. A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1951.

  Brown, S. Late Carthaginian Child Sacrifice and Sacrificial Monuments in Their Mediterranean Context. Sheffield: JSOT Press, 1981.

  Bruscino, Thomas. “Naturally Clausewitzian: U.S. Army Theory and Education from Reconstruction to the Interwar Years.” Journal of Military History 77, no. 4 (2013): 1251–75, esp. 1252–53.

  Cairns, Francis. “Horace Epode 9: Some New Interpretations.” Illinois Classical Studies 8, no. 1 (1983): 80–93.

  “Casilinum.” In Brill’s Encyclopaedia of the Ancient World (Brill’s New Pauly), edited by H. Cancik, H. Schneider, and M. Landfester. Leiden, Neth: E. J. Brill, 2012.

  Casson, Lionel. Travel in the Ancient World. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1994.

  Caven, Brian M. “Hannibal.” In The Oxford Companion to Classical Civilization, edited by Simon Hornblower and Antony Spawforth. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998.

  ———. The Punic Wars. London: Weidenfeld and Nicholson, 1980.

  Chamorro, Javier G. “Survey of Archaeological Research on Tartessos.” American Journal of Archaeology 91, no. 2 (April 1987): 197–232.

  Champion, Craige B. “Polybius and the Punic Wars.” Chap. 6 in A Companion to the Punic Wars, edited by Dexter Hoyos. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell, 2011.

  Charles, Michael B., and Peter Rhodan. “Magister Elephantorum: A Reappraisal of Hannibal’s Use of Elephants.” Classical World 100, no. 4 (2007): 363–89.

  Chevallier, Raymond. Review of Hannibal, by G. C. Picard. L’Antiquité Classique 36, no. 2 (1967): 730–33.

  Christ, Karl, ed. Hannibal. Darmstadt, Ger.: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, 1974.

  ———. “Probleme um Hannibal.” In Hannibal, edited by Karl Christ. Darmstadt, Ger.: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, 1974.

  ———. “Zur Beurteilung Hannibals.” Historia: Zeitschrift fur Alte Geschichte 17 (1968): 463–65.

  Christman, Bruce. “The Emperor as Philosopher.” Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art 74, no. 3 (1987): 100–13.

  Claerhout, Inge, and John Devreker. Pessinous: Sacred City of the Anatolian Mother Goddess—An Archaeological Guide. Istanbul: Homer Kitabevi, 2008.

  Clifford, Richard, “Phoenician Religion,” Bulletin of the American Society of Oriental Religion 279 (1990).

  Colin, Jean Lambert Alphonse. Annibal en Gaule. Charleston, SC: Nabu Press, 2010. Reprint of Paris: Librairie Militaire R. Chapelot et cie, 1904 edition.

  Collins, Roger. Spain: An Oxford Archaeological Guide. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998.

  Connolly, Peter. Greece and Rome at War. London: Greenhill Books, 2006. Reprint of Greenhill Books, 1998 edition.

  Cooke, George Albert. A Textbook of North Semitic Inscriptions: Moabite, Hebrew, Phoenician, Aramaic, Nabataean, Palmyrene, Jewish. “Suffete.” Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1903.

  Cooper, Emmanuel. Ten Thousand Years of Pottery. 45th ed. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2000.

  Cornell, T., B. Rankov, and P. A. G. Sabin, eds. “The Second Punic War: A Reappraisal.” Special issue, Bulletin of the Institute of Classical Studies 41, no. S67 (February 1996): vii–xv, 1–117.

  Coss, Edward J. “Review of A. Bamford. Sickness, Suffering and the Sword, Oklahoma, 2013.” Journal of Military History 78. no. 1 (2014): 366–67.

  Cramer, J. A. A Dissertation on the Passage of Hannibal over the Alps. London: J. W. Parker and G. and W. B. Whittaker, 1820, xix.

  Crocq, Marc-Antoine, and Louis Crocq. “From Shell Shock and War Neuroses to Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A History of Psychotraumology.” Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience 2, no. 1 (2000): 47–55.

  Croke, Vicki Constantine. Elephant Company. New York: Random House, 2014.

  Cunliffe, Barry. The Ancient Celts. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997.

  ———, ed. The Oxford Illustrated Prehistory of Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1994.

  D’Amico, Robert, Dennis Lynn, and Eric S. Wexler. “Munitions of the Mind: Strategic Information Operations.” Strategic Review 29, no. 1 (2001): 49–57.

  Dalaine, Laura, and Jean-Pascal Jospin. Hannibal et les Alpes: une traversée, un mythe. Grenoble, Fr.: Musée Dauphinois, 2011. (Also see Jospin.)

  ———. “Mais par où est donc passé Hannibal?” L’Alpe 54 (Autumn 2011): 70–76.

  Daly, Gregory. Cannae: The Experience of Battle in the Second Punic War. London: Routledge, 2002.

  Dangréaux, Bernard. “Irréductibles Gaulois des Alpes.” L’Alpe 54 (Autumn 2011): 18–21.

  David, Jean-Michel. The Roman Conquest of Italy. Translated by Antonia Nevill. Oxford: Blackwell, 1996. First published 1994 by Paris: Aubier.

  Davidson, James. “The Gaze in Polybius’ Histories.” Journal of Roman Studies 81 (1991): 10–24.

  Davies, Penelope J. E. “Pollution Propriety and Urbanism in Republican Rome.” In Rome, Pollution and Propiety: Dirt, Disease and Hygiene in the Eternal City fro
m Antiquity to Modernity, edited by M. Bradley. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press for the British School at Rome, 2012.

  Davis, Paul K. 100 Decisive Battles: From Ancient Times to the Present. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2001.

  ———. Masters of the Battlefield: Great Commanders from the Classical Age to the Napoleonic Era. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013.

  Dawson, A. “Hannibal and Chemical Warfare.” Classical Journal 63, no. 3 (1967): 117–25.

  de Beer, Gavin. Alps and Elephants: Hannibal’s March. London: Bles, 1955.

  ———. Hannibal: The Struggle for Power in the Mediterranean. London: Thames and Hudson, 1969.

  Delbruck, Hans. Warfare in Antiquity. Vol. 1. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1990.

  Denholm, Justin, and Patrick Hunt. “Hannibal’s Ophthalmia.” Unsubmitted article under peer review by various medical journals, 2014.

  Derow, P. S. “Polybius, Rome and the East.” Journal of Roman Studies 69 (1979): 1–15.

  Desmond, William. “Lessons of Fear: A Reading of Thucydides.” Classical Philology 101, no. 4 (2006): 359–79.

  Diakonoff, I. M. “The Naval Power and Trade of Tyre.” Israel Exploration Journal 42, nos. 3/4 (1992): 168–93.

  Diana, Bettina. “Annibale e il Passagio degli Apennini.” Aevum 61 (1987): 108–12.

  Dietler, Michael, and Carolina López-Ruiz. Colonial Encounters in Ancient Iberia: Phoenician, Greek and Indigenous Relations. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2009. See esp. chaps 7–9 on Phoenicians.

  Dixon, K. R., and Pat Southern. The Roman Cavalry: From the First to the Third Century AD. London: Batsford, 1992.

  Dodge, Theodore Ayrault. Hannibal. New introduction by Ian M. Cuthbertson. New York: Barnes & Noble Books, 2005. Reprint of Cambridge, MA: Riverside Press, 1891 edition.

  Domergue, C. Les mines de la Péninsule Ibérique dans l’antiquité romaine. Collection de l’École française de Rome, 127, Rome, 1990.

  Dommelen, Peter van. “Carthago Nova (Cartagena).” In The Encyclopedia of Ancient History, edited by Roger S. Bagnall, Kai Brodersen, Craige B. Champion, Andrew Erskine, and Sabine R. Huebner. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell, 2012.

  Dorey, T. A. “Macedonians at the Battle of Zama.” American Journal of Philology 78, no. 2 (1957): 185–87.

  Drews, Robert. “Phoenicians, Carthage and the Spartan Eunomia.” American Journal of Philology 100, no. 1 (Spring 1979): 45–58.

  Clausewitz, General Carl von. On War. Berlin, Ferdinand Dümmler, 1832.

  Dunbabin, T. J. The Western Greeks: The History of Sicily and South Italy from the Foundation of the Greek Colonies to 480 BC. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1999. Reprint of Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1948 edition.

  Dunkle, J. Roger. “The Greek Tyrant and Roman Political Invective of the Late Republic.” Transactions of the American Philological Association (TAPA) 98 (1967): 151–71, esp. 156–57.

  Dvornik, Francis. Origins of Intelligence Services: The Ancient Near East, Persia, Greece, Rome, Byzantium, the Arab Muslim Empires, the Mongol Empire, China, Muscovy. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1974.

  Eckstein, A. M. Review of Hannibal’s Dynasty, by B. D. Hoyos. Classical Review 55, no. 1, new series (2005): 263–66.

  ———. “Hannibal at New Carthage: Polybius 3.15 and the Power of Irrationality.” Classical Philology 84, no. 1 (1989): 1–15.

  ———. Rome Enters the Greek East: From Anarchy to Hierarchy in the Hellenistic Mediterranean 230–170 BC. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell, 2012.

  ———. “Rome, Saguntum and the Ebro Treaty.” Emerita 55 (January 1, 1984): 51–68.

  Edmonson, J. C. Two Industries in Roman Lusitania: Mining and Garum Production. International Series 362. Oxford: British Archaeological Reports (BAR), 1987.

  Edwards, Jacob. “The Irony of Hannibal’s Elephants.” Latomus 60, no. 4 (2001): 900–905.

  Elting, Colonel John R. The Super-Strategists: Great Captains, Theorists and Fighting Men Who Have Shaped the History of Warfare. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1985.

  Elton, Hugh. Frontiers of the Roman Empire. Bloomington: Indiana University Press; London: Batsford, 1996.

  Engels, Donald. Alexander the Great and the Logistics of the Macedonian Army. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1978.

  Ennabli, A. Carthage: Le site archéologique. Tunis: Cérès, 1993.

  ———, ed. Pour Sauver Carthage: Exploration et conservation de la cité punique, romaine et byzantine. Tunis: UNESCO, 1992.

  Erdkamp, Paul, ed. A Companion to the Roman Army. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell, 2010. First published 2007 by Malden, MA: Blackwell.

  ———. Hunger and the Sword: Warfare and Food Supply in the Roman Republican Wars 264–30 BC. Dutch Monographs on Ancient History and Archaeology 20. Leiden, Neth.: E. J. Brill, 1998.

  ———. “Manpower and Food Supply in the First and Second Punic Wars.” Chapter 4 in A Companion to the Punic Wars, edited by Dexter Hoyos. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell, 2011.

  ———. “Polybius, the Ebro Treaty and the Gallic Invasion of 225 BCE.” Classical Philology 104 (2009): 495–510.

  Errington, R. M. “Rome Against Philip and Antiochus.” Chap. 8 in The Cambridge Ancient History. 2nd ed. Vol. 8, Rome and the Mediterranean to 133 BC. Edited by A. E Astin, F. W. Walbank, M. W. Frederiksen, and R. M. Ogilvie. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990.

  Erskine, Andrew. “Hannibal and the Freedom of the Italians.” Hermes 121, no. 1 (1993): 58–62.

  Evans, Harry B. Water Distribution in Ancient Rome: The Evidence of Frontinus. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1997.

  Fagan, Garrett, and Matthew Trundle, eds. New Perspectives on Ancient Warfare. History of Warfare 59. Leiden, Neth.: E. J. Brill, 2010.

  Fantar, M’hamed-Hassine. Carthage: Approche d’une civilization. Vols. 1 and 2. Tunis: ALIF, 1993.

  ———. Carthage: La cité punique. Túnez/ALIF: les Éditions de la Méditerranée, 1995.

  ———. “Death and Transfiguration: Punic Culture After 146.” Chap. 25 in A Companion to the Punic Wars, edited by Dexter Hoyos. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell, 2011.

  Fields, Nic. Carthaginian Warrior 264–146 BC. Oxford: Osprey, 2010.

  ———. Hannibal. Oxford: Osprey, 2010.

  ———. The Roman Army of the Punic Wars 264–146 BC. Oxford: Osprey, 2007.

  Finsinger, Walter, and Willy Tinner. “Holocene Vegetation and Land-Use Changes in Response to Climatic Changes in the Forelands of the Southwestern Alps, Italy.” Journal of Quaternary Science 21, no. 3 (March 2003): 243–58.

  Fliegel, Stephen. “A Little-Known Celtic Stone Head.” Bulletin of the Cleveland Museum of Art 77, no. 3 (March 1990): 82–103.

  Framarin, P. “La ripresa defli scavi e l’aggiornamento della topographia del sito di Plan de Jupiter. I sondaggi 2000 e 2007.” In Alpis Poenina, Grand Saint-Bernard: Une Voie À Travers l’Europe, edited by L. Appolonia, F. Wiblé, and P. Framarin. Aosta, It.: Interreg IIIA, Italia-Svizzera, 2008.

  Francese, Christopher. Ancient Rome in So Many Words. New York: Hippocrene Books, 2007.

  Freedman, Lawrence. Strategy: A History. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013.

  ———, ed. War. Oxford Readers. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1994.

  Fronda, Michael P. Between Rome and Carthage: Southern Italy During the Second Punic War. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010.

  ———. “Hannibal: Tactics, Strategy, and Geostrategy.” Chap. 14 in A Companion to the Punic Wars, edited by Dexter Hoyos. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell, 2011.

  ———. “Hegemony and Rivalry: The Revolt of Capua Revisited.” Phoenix 61, nos. 1/2 (Spring/Summer 2007): 83–108.

  ———. Review of Hannibal, by Robert Garland. Mouseion: Journal of the Classical Association of Canada 10, no. 3 (2010): 454–56.

  Gabriel, Richard. Hannibal: The Military Biography of Rome’s Greatest Enemy. Washington, DC: Potomac Books, 2011.

  ———. Scipio Africanus: Rome
’s Greatest General. Washington, DC: Potomac Books, 2008.

  Galbert, Geoffroy de. Hannibal en Gaul. Grenoble, Fr.: Éditions de Belledonne, 2006.

  ———. Hannibal et César dans les Alpes. Grenoble, Fr.: Éditions de Belledonne, 2008.

  ———. Hannibal, Scipion et les Guerres Puniques dans l’Art et L’Archéologie. La Buisse, Fr.: Edition La Magnanerie, 2013.

  Garland, Robert. Hannibal. Ancients in Action. London: Bristol Classical Press, 2010.

  Gascó, C. A. “Saguntum [Sagunto].” In The Encyclopedia of Ancient History. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell, 2012.

  Gastaldi, Enrica Culasso, and Giovanella Cresci Marrone. “I Taurini ai piedi delle Alpi.” In Storia di Torino dalla Preistoria al commune medievale, vol. 1, ed, Giuseppe Sergi (Torino, It: Accademia della Scienze di Torino, 1997), 95–134, esp. Gastaldi, “Annibale e i Taurini,” 116–21.

  Gattinoni, F. Landucci. “Annibale sulle Alpi.” Aevum 43 (1984): 38ff.

  Gibbon, Edward. The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire. Vols. 1–4. New York: Harper & Brothers, 1836. First published 1776–1788 by London: Strahan & Cadell.

  Gibbons, Wess, and Teresa Moreno. Geology of Spain. Bath, UK: Geological Society of London, 2002.

  Giumlia-Mair, Alessandra. “Techniques and Composition of Equestrian Statues in Raetia.” In From the Parts to the Whole, vol. 2, Acta of the 13th International Bronze Congress at Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1996, supplement 39, Journal of Roman Archaeology (2002): 93–97, esp. 95.

  Glover, R. F. “The Tactical Handling of the Elephant.” Greece & Rome 17 (1948): 1–11.

  Golden, Gregory K. “Emergency Measures: Crisis and Response in the Roman Republic (From the Gallic Sack to the Tumultus of 43 BC).” PhD diss., Classics, Rutgers University, 2008.

  Goetzmann, William N. and K. Geert Rouwenhorst, eds. The Origins of Value: The Financial Innovations That Created Modern Capital. New York: Oxford University Press, 2005.

  Goldsworthy, Adrian. Cannae: Hannibal’s Greatest Victory. London: Cassell, 2001.

  ———. The Fall of Carthage. Phoenix, 2003.

  ———. The Punic Wars. London: Cassell, 2000.

  Goukowsky, P. Appien, Livre Hannibal. Paris: CUF (Collection des Universités de France), 1998.