The Boer War

by Martin Bossenbroek

  Breytenbach, Geskiedenis III, 168–219; Churchill, Boer War, 137–139; Churchill, My Early Life, 311–312; Pakenham, Boer War, 288–305; Pretorius, Historical Dictionary, 426–428, 501–502; Sandys, Churchill, 161–163.

  Breytenbach, Geskiedenis III, 219–230; Churchill, Boer War, 139–140; Churchill, My Early Life, 312–314.

  Breytenbach, Geskiedenis III, 230–236; Churchill, Boer War, 140, 150–151; Churchill, My Early Life, 314; Pretorius, Historical Dictionary, 325–428.

  See above, p. 187.

  Breytenbach, Geskiedenis III, 237–437; Churchill, Boer War, 156–178; Churchill, My Early Life, 314–322; Cloete, Anglo-Boer War, 91–94, 101, 103–104; Grobler, War Reporter, 39–40, 42, 44; Nasson, War, 161–165; Pakenham, Boer War, 344–349; Pretorius, Historical Dictionary, 325, 468–469; Roberts, Churchill, 283–286; Sandys, Churchill, 167, 170–173.

  Breytenbach, Geskiedenis IV, 101–231; Cloete, Anglo-Boer War, 91, 95–97; Grobler, War Reporter, 29, 41; Nasson, War, 167–171; Pakenham, Boer War, 314–320, 327–328; Pretorius, Historical Dictionary, 388–389.

  Cloete, Anglo-Boer War, 98; Steve Lunderstedt, ed., Summer of 1899: The Siege of Kimberley 14 October 1899 to 15 February 1900 (Kimberley, 1999), 220–228; Pakenham, Boer War, 321–328; Pretorius, Historical Dictionary, 212–215; Brian Roberts, Kimberley: Turbulent City (Cape Town, 1985), 313–333.

  Breytenbach, Geskiedenis III, 359–371; Grobler, War Reporter, 37.

  Breytenbach, Geskiedenis III, 444–525; Churchill, Boer War, 179–194; Churchill, My Early Life, 322–324; Cloete, Anglo-Boer War, 104–110; Grobler, War Reporter, 46; Pakenham, Boer War, 356–361; Pretorius, Historical Dictionary, 325–327; Roberts, Churchills, 286; Sandys, Churchill, 173–174.

  Breytenbach, Geskiedenis IV, 232–239; Pakenham, Boer War, 318–320.

  Breytenbach, Geskiedenis IV, 232–430; Cloete, Anglo-Boer War, 104–111; Grobler, War Reporter, 43–45; Nasson, War, 172–178; Pakenham, Boer War, 331–342; Pretorius, Historical Dictionary, 110–11, 309–315, 388–389.

  See above, p. 161.

  Breytenbach, Geskiedenis III, 526–572; Churchill, Boer War, 195–210; Churchill, My Early Life, 324–326; Cloete, Anglo-Boer War, 111–112; Grobler, War Reporter, 46; Nasson, War, 156–161; Pakenham, Boer War, 356–368; Pretorius, Historical Dictionary, 327–329; Roberts, Churchills, 286–287; Sandys, Churchill, 174–178.

  Roberts, Churchills, 286–291; Sandys, Churchill, 169–170, 182–184.

  Joseph J. Doke, ed., M.K. Gandhi: An Indian Patriot in South Africa (London, 1909), 52–57; Eric Itzkin, ‘The Indian War Memorial: National Memory and Selective Forgetting’, Historia 54, 1 (2009), 147–158; Shula Marks, ‘British Nursing and the South African War’, in Greg Cuthbertson et al., eds., Writing a Wider War, 159–185; Russell Miller, The Adventures of Arthur Conan Doyle (London, 2008), 204–219; Stephen M. Miller, Volunteers on the Veld: Britain’s Citizen-Soldiers and the South African War, 1899–1902 (Norman, 2007), 55–76.

  Breytenbach, Geskiedenis III, 568–572; Churchill, Boer War, 211–224; Pakenham, Boer War, 224–225, 237–238, 293, 347, 352–355; Pretorius, Historical Dictionary, 274–278; J.C. de Villiers, Healers, Helpers and Hospitals: A History of Military Medicine in the Anglo-Boer War (Pretoria, 2008), I, 127–163, 309–333; II, 13–117.

  Zuster Hellemans, Met het Roode Kruis mee in den Boeren-Vrijheidsoorlog (Amsterdam, 1901), 47–120; De Villiers, Healers, I, 426–432.

  Pretorius, Historical Dictionary, 275–276; De Villiers, Healers, 340–374.

  Van Niekerk, Leyds as gesant, 125–132; Pretorius, Historical Dictionary, 275–276; De Villiers, Healers, 413–556.

  Leyds, Tweede verzameling I, 516–523.

  Leyds, Tweede verzameling, 302–303, 383–384, 445, 454–455.

  See above, pp. 164–166; Leyds, Tweede verzameling I, 385, 402–403, 439–440, 447– 467; W.J. Leyds, Derde verzameling (correspondentie 1900) (The Hague, 1931) I, 115–117; Van Niekerk, Leyds as gesant, 144–149.

  Leyds, Tweede verzameling I, 308–309, 356–359, 369–372.

  See above, pp. 161–163; Leyds, Tweede verzameling I, 416-417, 464–465 and II, 175.

  Breytenbach, Geskiedenis V, 32–26, 557–563; Leyds, Tweede verzameling I, 413, 416–427, 468–469, 476–477, 494–496; II, 175–189.

  Breytenbach, Geskiedenis V, 285–288; Pakenham, Boer War, 381–385; De Villiers, Healers, I, 287–293; II, 105–112.

  Churchill, Boer War, 225–236; Churchill, My Early Life, 327–334; Roberts, Churchills, 309–312; Sandys, Churchill, 184–189; Woods, Young Winston’s Wars, 138.

  Churchill, Boer War, 5, 237–240; Vincent J. Cirillo, Bullets and Bacilli: The Spanish-American War and Military Medicine (Piscataway, 1999), 138–145; Miller, Adventures, 212–217; Pretorius, Historical Dictionary, 276–277; Sandys, Churchill, 189–191; De Villiers, Healers, I, 287–293, II, 105–112.

  Breytenbach, Geskiedenis V, 3–4, 107, 123–125; Churchill, Boer War, 237–245; Churchill, My Early Life, 335–336; Cloete, Anglo-Boer War, 118, 120, 121, 136; Grobler, War Reporter, 51, 61; Pakenham, Boer War, 375–380; Pretorius, Historical Dictionary, 337; Roberts, Churchills, 312–314; Sandys, Churchill, 192–194.

  Breytenbach, Geskiedenis V, 156–171; Cloete, Anglo-Boer War, 119–120, 122–125, 129–136; Grobler, War Reporter, 51–52, 59–61; Pakenham, Boer War, 386–389; C.R. de Wet, De strijd tusschen Boer en Brit. De herinnering van den Boeren-Generaal C.R. de Wet (Amsterdam and Pretoria, 1902), 80.

  Breytenbach, Geskiedenis V, 156–171; Cloete, Anglo-Boer War, 119–120, 122–125, 129–136; Grobler, War Reporter, 51–52, 59–61; Pakenham, Boer War, 390–394; Pretorius, Historical Dictionary, 292–293, 400–402; De Wet, Strijd, 88–112.

  Breytenbach, Geskiedenis V, 156–158, 171–172, 418–419; Cloete, Anglo-Boer War, 118; Grobler, War Reporter, 166; Leyds, Tweede verzameling I, xviii, 501–506; II, 178–179; Leyds, Derde verzameling, vii–xii, 8–19, 25–40, 47, 50–51.

  Churchill, Boer War, 244–272; Churchill, My Early Life, 335–341; Roberts, Churchills, 312–315; Sandys, Churchill, 192–197.

  Breytenbach, Geskiedenis V, 506; Churchill, Boer War, 290–316; Churchill, My Early Life, 341–344; Roberts, Churchills, 316–317; Sandys, Churchill, 198–200.

  See above, pp. 18–21.

  Hellemans, Met het Roode Kruis mee, 143–164.

  Cloete, Anglo-Boer War, 142–145; Grobler, War Reporter, 67–68; Pretorius, Historical Dictionary, 141–142, 255–258.

  John L. Comaroff, ed., The Boer War Diary of Sol T. Plaatje: An African at Mafeking (Johannesburg, 1973), 11–159; Pat Hopkins and Heather Dugmore, The Boy: Baden-Powell and the Siege of Mafeking (Rivonia, 1999), xv–xviii, 167–175; Pakenham, Boer War, 396–419; Pretorius, Historical Dictionary, 22–24, 255–258, 331–332; Roberts, Churchills, 292–308; Warwick, Black People, 30–38.

  Cloete, Anglo-Boer War, 142–145; Pakenham, Boer War, 414–418; Porter, Absent-Minded Imperialists, 52–53, 194–196; Pretorius, Historical Dictionary, 22–24, 255–258; Roberts, Churchills, 304–308.

  See above, p. 149.

  Cammack, Rand, 101–109; Cloete, Anglo-Boer War, 147–148; Grobler, War Reporter, 63; Leyds, Tweede verzameling II, 202–203; Leyds, Derde verzameling II, 34–38.

  Breytenbach, Geskiedenis V, 515–549; Churchill, Boer War, 328–350; Churchill, My Early Life, 344–349; Cloete, Anglo-Boer War, 150–152; Pakenham, Boer War, 419–433; Pretorius, Historical Dictionary, 128–129; Roberts, Churchills, 316–320; Sandys, Churchill, 198–203.

  Breytenbach, Geskiedenis V, 542–556; Churchill, Boer War, 351–356, 387–390; Churchill, My Early Life, 349–352; Cloete, Anglo-Boer War, 151–157; Grobler, War Reporter, 71–76; Nasson, War, 199–203; Pakenham, Boer War, 431–434; Roberts, Churchills, 320–322.

  Breytenbach, Geskiedenis V, 535–556; Cloete, Anglo-Boer War, 153–157; Grobler, War Reporter, 71–76; Hancock and Van der Poel, Selections, 537–553; Pretorius, Historical Dictionary, 396–397.

  Churchill, Boer War, 389–401; Cloete,
Anglo-Boer War, 158–160; Grobler, War Reporter, 77; Hancock and Van der Poel, Selections, 547–561; Pakenham, Boer War, 434; Pretorius, Historical Dictionary, 122–123; Roberts, Churchills, 328–329; Sandys, Churchill, 204–208.

  Leyds, Derde verzameling, I, xvi–xvii, 134–135, 146–147.

  Leyds, Derde verzameling, I, x–xii, 150–155; II, 65–70.

  Leyds, Derde verzameling, I, 107, 113–115.

  Leyds, Derde verzameling, I, xx–xxiii; II, 49–64.

  Het Nieuws van den Dag, 12–06–1900, source for the translated quotes.

  Churchill, Boer War, 400–401; Churchill, My Early Life, 353–354; Roberts, Churchills, 323–331; Sandys, Churchill, 204–209.

  Part III: Death and destruction

  Deneys Reitz described his experiences in the Anglo-Boer War in Dutch and English in his unpublished memoirs, ‘Herinneringen’, now in the Brenthurst Library in Johannesburg, which he used later for his Commando: A Boer Journal of the Boer War (London, 1929) and the Afrikaans translation Kommando. ’n Boere-dagboek uit die Engelse Oorlog (Bloemfontein, 1929). The passages quoted in the present publication are from Commando: A Boer Journal of the Boer War (London 1948). See also his biography by G.J. Calitz, Deneys Reitz (1822–1944). Krygsman, avonturier en politikus (Pretoria, 2008).

  Calitz, Deneys Reitz, 78; Grobler, War Reporter, 71–75, 78; Nasson, War, 197; Pakenham, Boer War, 430–431; Pretorius, Historical Dictionary, 371–372; F.W. Reitz, Outobiografie en 62 gedigte (Cape Town, 1978), 43–44; Reitz, Kommando, 103–110.

  J. Ploeger, Die lotgevalle van die burgerlike bevolking gedurende die Anglo-Boereoorlog, 1899–1902, 5 vols. (Pretoria, 1990), ch. 13: 5–14.

  Cloete, Anglo-Boer War, 155–163; Grobler, War Reporter, 75, 79, 81; A.M. Grundlingh, Die ‘Hendsoppers’ en ‘Joiners’. Die rasionaal en verskynsel van verraad (Pretoria, 1979), 7–44, 58–62; Leyds, Vierde verzameling II, 93–96; Ploeger, Lotgevalle, ch. 13: 13–24; Pretorius, Historical Dictionary, 388–391; S.B. Spies, Methods of Barbarism? Roberts and Kitchener and Civilians in the Boer Republics: January 1900—May 1902 (Cape Town, 1977), 90–95, 101–117.

  W.L. von R. Scholtz, Generaal Christiaan de Wet as veldheer (Leiden, 1978), 183; M.C.E. van Schoor, Christiaan Rudolph de Wet. Krygsman en volksman (Pretoria, 2007), 107–108.

  Grundlingh, ‘Hendsoppers’, 20–25; Ploeger, Lotgevalle, ch. 11: 10, 16, 18, 20; ch. 14: 13–16; Pretorius, Historical Dictionary, 108–110, 406–407.

  Leyds, Derde verzameling II, 89; Ploeger, Lotgevalle, ch. 13: 11, 14.

  Cloete, Anglo-Boer War, 154–163; Grobler, War Reporter, 78–86; Nasson, War, 199–205; Ploeger, Lotgevalle, ch. 11: 45, 11–13, 20, 23, 25, 26-43; ch. 12: 1–3; ch. 13: 19–23.

  Calitz, Deneys Reitz, 92–93; Reitz, Outobiografie, 43–45; Reitz, Kommando, 110–115.

  Albert Blake, Boereverraaier. Teregstellings tydens die Anglo-Boereoorlog (Cape Town, 2010), 59–62; Cloete, Anglo-Boer War, 171, 174; Mark Coghlan, ‘The Other De Wet: Piet de Wet and the Boer “Hendsoppers in the Anglo-Boer War”’, http://samilitaryhistory. org/vol116mc.html; Grobler, War Reporter, 89; Grundlingh, ‘Hendsoppers’, 241–251; Pretorius, Historical Dictionary, 121–122, 244–246; Pieter le Roux, ‘Verraaier of held. Verdere gedagtes oor Genl Piet de Wet’, Knapzak 21, 2 (October 2009); Scholtz, De Wet, 194–195; Van Schoor, De Wet, 109–118; C.W.L. de Souza, No Charge for Delivery (Cape Town, 1969), 134–135; De Wet, Strijd, 166–168, 184.

  Calitz, Deneys Reitz, 92–93; Cloete, Anglo-Boer War, 127–176; Grobler, War Reporter, 90; Reitz, Kommando, 115–117.

  Cloete, Anglo-Boer War, 171–181; Grobler, War Reporter, 87, 90; Spies, Methods, 128–127.

  Cloete, Anglo-Boer War, 171–181; Emily Hobhouse, The Brunt of the War and Where It Fell (London, 1902), 22–28; Pakenham, Boer War, 451–455; Ploeger, Lotgevalle, ch. 13: 36–40; ch. 28: 10–14, 22–40; Pretorius, Historical Dictionary, 104; Spies, Methods, 43–44, 128–137.

  Cloete, Anglo-Boer War, 171–181; Grobler, War Reporter, 87, 90; Pakenham, Boer War, 438–445; Pretorius, Historical Dictionary, 57–58, 333–335.

  Cloete, Anglo-Boer War, 171–181; Grobler, War Reporter, 89–93; Pakenham, Boer War, 451–455; Pretorius, Historical Dictionary, 120–121; Von Scholtz, De Wet, 221–246; De Wet, Strijd, 176–179.

  Leyds, Derde verzameling I, ix–x, 195–196, 235–236, 238, 256–260, 90–93.

  Leyds, Derde verzameling I, 184–187, 192–193, 197–198.

  See above, p. 108.

  Leyds, Derde verzameling I, 264–273, 280; II, 94–101.

  Cloete, Anglo-Boer War, 181–185; Grobler, War Reporter, 93, 95; Pakenham, Boer War, 451, 454–456; Pretorius, Historical Dictionary, 33–36; Reitz, Kommando, 117–119.

  Cloete, Anglo-Boer War, 287–188; Grobler, War Reporter, 95; Pretorius, Historical Dictionary, 36, 228.

  Cloete, Anglo-Boer War, 186–187; Grobler, War Reporter, 96; Reitz, Kommando, 117–123.

  Calitz, Deneys Reitz, 93–94; Reitz, Kommando, 124–126.

  http://www.tokencoins.com/oompaul.htm.

  See above, pp. 36–38.

  Grobler, War Reporter, 95; Spies, Methods, 116–124.

  Spies, Methods, 124–127.

  Cloete, Anglo-Boer War, 188–193; Grobler, War Reporter, 95; Grundlingh, ‘Hendsoppers’, 54–58; Ploeger, Lotgevalle, ch. 14: 21–26; ch. 29: 15–18; Pretorius, Historical Dictionary, 104–105; Spies, Methods, 143–145.

  See above, p. 174. Churchill, My Early Life, 355–356; Sandys, Churchill, 209–211.

  See above, pp. 222–223.

  Churchill, My Early Life, 355–361; Robert Rhodes James, ed., Winston S. Churchill: His Complete Speeches 1897–1963, volume 1: 1897–1908 (New York, 1974), 53–61; Jenkins, Churchill, 64–66; Sandys, Churchill, 211–215; http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom_general_election_1900.

  Hancock and Van der Poel, Smuts Papers I, 340–342; Pakenham, Boer War, 470–472; Von Scholtz, De Wet, 287–293; S.B. Spies and Gail Nattrass, eds., Jan Smuts: Memoirs of the Boer War (Johannesburg, 1994), 110–133.

  Pakenham, Boer War, 470–476; Pretorius, Historical Dictionary, 54; Von Scholtz, De Wet, 276–293; De Wet, Strijd, 226–230.

  Calitz, Deneys Reitz, 94–97; Reitz, Kommando, 126–129.

  Algemeen Handelsblad, 23 November 1900; New York Times, 23 November 1900.

  Algemeen Handelsblad, 24–25 November 1900; Leyds, Vierde verzameling II, 1–7.

  Leyds, Vierde verzameling II, 7–14; cf. above, pp. 65–69, 81, 87.

  Algemeen Handelsblad, 14 December 1900; Bossenbroek, Holland, 343–344; Leyds, Vierde verzameling I, 25; II, 15–22.

  Churchill, My Early Life, 363; Rhodes James, Churchill: His Complete Speeches I, 62–62; Jenkins, Churchill, 68–71; Sandys, Churchill, 212–213; New York Times, 13 December 1900.

  Cloete, Anglo-Boer War, 199–207; Von Scholtz, De Wet, 293–314; De Wet, Strijd, 232–256.

  Jennifer Hobhouse Balme, To Love One’s Enemies: The Work and Life of Emily Hobhouse (Cobble Hill, 1994), 1–84; Pakenham, Boer War, 501–503; Rykie van Reenen, ed., Emily Hobhouse: Boer War Letters (Cape Town, 1984), 1–46.

  Calitz, Deneys Reitz, 97–101; Cloete, Anglo-Boer War, 205–206; Grobler, War Reporter, 101; Pakenham, Boer War, 476–481; Pretorius, Historical Dictionary, 303–304; Reitz, Kommando, 130–141; Spies and Nattrass, Jan Smuts, 146–157.

  Grundlingh, ‘Hendsoppers’, 82–95, 248; Ploeger, Lotgevalle, ch. 14: 32–37; Spies, Methods, 205–206.

  Grundlingh, ‘Hendsoppers’, 107; Nieuwe Tilburgsche Courant, 13 February 1901; Spies, Methods, 205–206.

  Grundlingh, ‘Hendsoppers’, 109–117; Spies, Methods, 205–206.

  Blake, Boereverraaier, 142–156; Grundlingh, ‘Hendsoppers’, 95–96, 101–104; Spies, Methods, 203–206.

  See above, p. 227.

  Ploeger, Lotgevalle, ch. 30: 34–38; Spies, Methods, 170–190.

  Calitz, Deneys Reitz, 102–103; Cloete, Anglo-Boer War, 208, 218–219; Grobler, War Reporter, 105; Pakenham, Boer War, 496–499; Reitz, Komm
ando, 142–148.

  See above, pp. 11 and 147.

  Hobhouse, Brunt, 116–120; Hobhouse Balme, To Love, 85–98; Ploeger, Lotgevalle, ch. 41: 26–27, 36–38; ch. 43: 3–4, 6; Pretorius, Historical Dictionary, 102–106; Van Reenen, Emily Hobhouse, 46–57; Spies, Methods, 190–210.

  Cloete, Anglo-Boer War, 218–229; Grobler, War Reporter, 110; Von Scholtz, De Wet, 321–370; De Wet, Strijd, 264–290.

  Calitz, Deneys Reitz, 103–105; Reitz, Kommando, 149–154.

  See above, p. 22.

  Warwick, Black People, 110–124.

  Nasson, Abraham Esau’s War, 120–141.

  Pakenham, Boer War, 468–469, 496, 501–505.

  Churchill, My Early Life, 364–367; Rhodes James, Churchill: His Complete Speeches I, 65–67.

  See above, p. 17.

  See above, p. 302.

  Reitz, Kommando, 154–160.

  See above, pp. 115–116.

  George Arthur, Life of Lord Kitchener (London, 1920) II, 18–26; Cloete, Anglo-Boer War, 226; Grobler, War Reporter, 109, 112; J.D. Kestell and D.E. van Velden, Die vredesonderhandelinge tussen die regerings van die twee Suid-Afrikaanse Republieke en die verteenwoordigers van die Britse regering wat uitgeloop het op die vrede wat op 31 Mei 1902 op Vereeniging gesluit is (Cape Town, 1982), 123; Nasson, War, 223–224; Pakenham, Boer War, 487–491, 499–500, 504; Pretorius, Historical Dictionary, 282; Von Scholtz, De Wet, 371–372; De Wet, Strijd, 294–297.

  Reitz, Kommando, 161–169.

  See above, pp. 220–222.

  Leyds, Vierde verzameling II, 103–104.

  Cloete, Anglo-Boer War, 232; Eric Rosenthal, General De Wet: A Biography (Cape Town, 1946), 84–85; De Wet, Strijd, 296.

  See above, pp. 253–254.

  Cloete, Anglo-Boer War, 238; Grobler, War Reporter, 115; Grundlingh, ‘Hendsoppers’, 152–153; Hancock and Van der Poel, Selections I, 389–391; Rosenthal, General De Wet, 85–87; De Wet, Strijd, 300–304.

  Leyds, Vierde verzameling II, 84–88; Pakenham, Boer War, 513.

  Hancock and Van der Poel, Selections I, 395–396; Leyds, Vierde verzameling I, xxviii, 186, 248–249.