The Untold History of the United States
Page 109
as third-party candidate, 220–22, 234, 251, 323
Truman Doctrine opposed by, 207–8
Truman’s firing of, 202–5
Wall Street, xxxii, 7, 41, 55, 64, 73, 112, 122, 138, 184, 197, 231, 290, 426, 545–46, 547
under Obama, 550–54, 556–58, 560
opposition to, xxi, 48
rejection of gold standard and, 54
Wall Street Journal, xv, 34, 221–22, 256, 293, 343, 419, 432, 485, 493–94, 554, 567, 600
war crimes, G. W. Bush administration and, 499–500, 507, 511
War Department, U.S., 12, 19, 176, 177, 196, 199–200, 205
War Industries Board (WIB), 50
War Is a Racket (Butler), xxxi–xxxiii
Warnke, Paul, 404–5
War Powers Act of 1973, 472–73, 494
War Production Board, 122–23
War Relocation Authority (WRA), 154, 156
Warren, Earl, 151–52
Warren Commission, 323
war reparations, U.S.-German, 82
Warriors of Islam, 260
Warsaw, 111, 115, 157, 182
Warsaw Pact, 297, 298, 313, 469, 537
Wartime Civil Control Administration (WCCA), 153
Washington, D.C., xix, 20, 121, 242, 335
antiwar protests in, 369, 370
Washington, George, xxvii, 94, 289
Washington Evening Star, 19
Washington Post, 9–10, 16, 19, 64, 68, 69–71, 77, 108, 126, 148, 182, 191, 192, 195, 225, 249, 262, 272, 278, 284, 300, 338, 370, 385, 418–19, 423, 435, 464, 472, 476, 500, 504, 506, 510, 520, 530–31, 532, 539, 553, 556–57, 559, 564–65, 566, 567, 570, 575, 578, 588, 589, 591, 598, 611
waterboarding, xxvii, 508–10, 511
Watergate scandal, 387, 389–90, 401, 494
Watson, Thomas, 78–79
wealth inequities, global, 546–47
weapons of mass destruction (WMD), 482
Webster, William, 461, 475
Weekly Standard, xv, 503
Weinberger, Caspar, 442–43, 457–59, 466
Weiner, Tim, 213, 263, 279, 542
welfare state, 400–401
Wells, H. G., 23, 30, 132, 133
Werth, Alexander, 127–28, 172
West Berlin, 356
Western Defense Command, 156
Westmoreland, William, 340–41
West Point, 459, 586, 599
West Virginia, Knights of the White Camelia in, 53
Wheeler, Burton, 93–94
Wheeler, Earle, 330, 333–34
White, John Campbell, 38–39
White House Office of Faith-Based Community Initiatives, 495
White House Special Investigations Unit (“Plumbers”), 386
Whitman, Walt, xviii, 43, 367
Whitney, George, 36, 73
WikiLeaks, 26, 459, 562–64, 569, 576, 583, 613
Will, George, 480, 514
Willkie, Wendell, 90, 93, 108
Wilson, Charles E., 122–23
Wilson, Edmund, 56, 60
Wilson, Harold, 329, 340
Wilson, Woodrow, xiv, 1–3, 5–6, 17, 26, 28–30, 28, 29, 36, 39–40, 73–76, 103, 253, 354, 355, 392
declaration of war by, 7–8, 29, 75, 97, 98
failures of, 43–44
Fourteen Points of, 27, 30–33, 34, 98, 464
League of Nations and, 30, 32, 35–36, 37, 44
Mexico policy of, 2–3
at Paris Peace Conference, 30–35, 34, 44
“peace without victory” speech of, 6, 31
“world safe for democracy” speech of, 7, 31
Winged Defense (Mitchell), 24
Winthrop, John, xiii–xiv
wiretapping, 551, 563–64
Wisner, Frank, 213–14, 226, 348
Wolfowitz, Paul, 383–84, 397, 427, 466, 479, 480, 482–83, 485, 489, 490, 498, 503, 513–14, 519, 601, 685n
on Iraq, 502, 503, 512–14, 529
larger agenda of, 504
Woman’s Peace Party, 6
women, in Afghanistan, 488, 489, 579, 580
Women’s International League for Peace and Freedom, 65
Woodward, Bob, 472, 495, 504, 578, 586
Woolsey, James, 491, 514, 685n
workers, xviii–xix, 52, 56, 57–58, 66
communism’s appeal for, 26–27
declining wages of, 545–46, 554–55
strikes by, xviii–xix, 33–34, 35
World War I and, 4, 5
working class, 436, 551, 554
Works Progress Administration (WPA), 61, 62
World Bank, 111, 337, 345, 375, 477, 484–85, 530
World Economic Conference of 1933, 54
World Trade Center, 500, 502, 504, 507
World War I, 3–28, 41, 44, 45, 50, 73–76, 100, 116, 141, 354, 521, 596–97
aerial warfare in, 23–24, 25
antiwar sentiment and, 5, 7, 8
beginning of, 3, 4, 87
casualties in, 18, 20
chemical weapons in, 18–26, 27
oil production during, 4, 38
profiteering investigations regarding, 65–79, 82–83
propaganda in, 8–10, 9
World War II, xv, 70, 87, 182, 190, 211, 227, 273, 303, 354, 358, 387, 414, 464, 481, 505, 538, 568
atomic bomb and, xiv, 44, 118, 120, 129, 131–37, 142–44, 146, 157–81, 236
end of, 181, 199
as “good war,” 87
Reagan’s imagined service in, 422–23
U.S. entry into, 44
Wurmser, David, 685n
Wyoming, 153, 154
Yale University, 424, 464, 523, 524, 542
Interdisciplinary Center for Bioethics, 576
Yalta Agreement, 114–17, 118, 122–24, 128, 144, 164
Yeltsin, Boris, 481, 484–86, 487
Yemen, 477, 520, 526, 561, 563, 569, 586, 600, 613
drone campaign in, 574, 575
Yergin, Daniel, 38
Yoo, John, 501, 511
Young, Andrew, 404, 408
Yugoslavia, 87, 114, 129, 206, 208–9, 257, 486
Zarqawi, Abu Musab al-, 510
Zawahiri, Ayman al-, 460, 528, 530
Zelikow, Philip, 500–501
Zhou Enlai, 238, 268
Zhukov, Georgi, 108, 172, 248
Zia ul-Haq, Muhammad, 415, 416, 429, 459–60
Zinni, Anthony, 523, 528
Zoellick, Robert B., 685n
Zubaydah, Abu, 509–10
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PHOTO CREDITS
Associated Press: page 264
Benutzer: Fb78 via Wikimedia Commons: page 525
Chris Hondro / Getty Images: page 599
Corbis Images: pages 358, 363, 375, 379, 415, 465, 495
Courtesy of Daniel Ellsberg and Danny Schechter: page 386
Courtesy of Los Alamos National Laboratory: pages 144, 174
Courtesy of U.S. Department of Energy: page 137
David Shankbone via Wikimedia Commons: page 557
Federal Bureau of Investigation: page 235
Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidential Library / National Archives: pages 49, 51, 52, 58, 95, 99, 100, 153
George Bush Presidential Library and Museum/ National Archives: page 483
George W. Bush Presidential Library / National Archives: page 503
Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library: pages 393, 394, 400
German Federal Archive: pages 89, 97, 228
Getty Images: pages 293, 435
Harry S. Truman / National Archives: page 121
Harry S. Truman Presidential Library: pages 140, 142, 207, 225, 231
Harry S. Truman Presidentia
l Library / National Archives: pages 119, 165, 191, 202, 237
Information of New Orleans via Wikimedia Commons: page 479
Ixtlan: page xviii
Jim Kuhn via Wikimedia Commons: page 511
Jimmy Carter Library / National Archives: pages 407, 411
Jimmy Carter Presidential Library / National Archives: page 419
John F. Kennedy Presidential Library: pages 292, 307
John F. Kennedy Presidential Library / National Archives: pages 297, 311, 317
Library of Congress: pages xx, xxi, xxvi, xxix, 9, 13, 15, 17, 29, 33, 40, 47, 59, 67, 85, 107, 127, 133, 179, 198, 211, 280, 345, 351, 401
Library of Congress, University of Minnesota, National Archives: page 150
Library of Congress, Wikimedia Commons / Public Domain: pages 158, 159
Lyndon Baines Johnson Presidential Library: pages 326, 327
Lyndon Baines Johnson Presidential Library / National Archives: pages 333, 337, 339, 340, 342, 353
Nasser Sadeghi via Wikimedia Commons / Public Domain: page 261
National Archives: pages xxviii, 34, 118, 136, 155, 169, 170, 171, 183, 210, 245, 269, 274, 301, 306, 331, 341, 347, 361, 404, 502
National Archives, Wikimedia Commons / Public Domain: page 170
National Museum of the U.S. Air Force: pages 229, 331
New Yorker Magazine: page xxvii
New York Times: page 109
Official White House Photograph: pages 569, 581, 593
Oliver Stone Personal Collection: page 336
Peter Kuznick Personal Collection: page 336
Photos of the Great War: World War I Image Archive: pages 25, 27
Public Domain: pages xix, xxiii, 28, 35, 37, 81, 183, 234, 433, 489
Ragesoss via Wikimedia Commons: page 550
Richard Nixon Presidential Library / National Archives: pages 357, 359, 371, 381
Ronald Reagan Presidential Library: pages 423, 425, 427, 449, 453, 455
Ronald Reagan Presidential Library / National Archives: pages 448, 453, 467
Sue Ream via Wikimedia Commons: page 471
U.S. Air Force: pages 509, 579, 595, 596
U.S. Army: pages 239, 291, 369
U.S. Department of Defense: pages 199, 275, 437, 460, 473, 475, 479, 481, 501, 527
U.S. Information Agency: pages 107, 243
U.S. Marine Corps: pages xxxii, 174, 395, 437
U.S. Navy: page 513
U.S. State Department: page 537
Utilizator:Mihai.1954 via Wikimedia Commons: page 115
Wikimedia Commons / Public Domain: pages 135, 167, 233, 411
William J. Clinton Presidential Library / National Archives: page 487
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Stone, Oliver.
The untold history of the United States / Oliver Stone and Peter Kuznick.
—1st Gallery Books hardcover ed.
p. cm.
Companion to the documentary series of the same name.
1. United States—History—20th century. 2. United States—History—21st century.
3. United States—Politics and government—20th century. 4. United States—Politics
and government—2001-2009. I. Kuznick, Peter J. II. Title.
E741.S76 2011
973.91—dc23
2011051642
ISBN 978-1-4516-1351-3
ISBN 978-1-4516-1644-6 (eBook)