The China-Pakistan Axis: Asia's New Geopolitics
Page 40
Chen Yi 18, 19, 24
Cheng Jingye 51
Cheng Xiaohe
‘China’s Aid toward Pakistan in the India-Pakistan War II’ 186
Chengdu, Sichuan 94
Chengdu Aircraft Industrial Corporation 108
Chennai, India 170
CHIC-4 (nuclear bomb) 28
China, People’s Republic of
1950–1953
Korean War 32
1954
Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence (Panchsheel Treaty) 20
1955
Taiwan Strait Crisis 32
1959
Sino-Pakistani border map controversy 21
1960
meetings with India to resolve border dispute 22
1960–1989
Sino-Soviet split 20, 35
1962
Sino-Indian War 3, 21, 22–5, 122
1963
Sino-Pakistani Agreement 24, 107
Sino-Afghan Boundary Treaty 24
1965
Indo-Pakistani War 3, 9, 17–19, 186
1966–1976
Cultural Revolution 70, 93–4, 95, 107
1968
Mian Arshad Hussain visits Beijing 93–4
1969
Sino-Soviet border conflict 14–15, 57
1971
Indo-Pakistani War 3, 10–16, 29, 183
1979
establishment of diplomatic relations with United States 33, 37–9
1979–1989
Soviet War in Afghanistan 35–6, 77–9, 122–6, 183
1985
meetings with Saudi Arabian diplomats 42
1988
protests in Xinjiang against publication of The White House in the Distance 71
Rajiv Gandhi makes state visit 48
1989
Tiananmen Square protests 48, 149
1990
Baren uprising 74, 75
1991
United States imposes sanctions 41
1992
Urumqi bombings 74
United States agrees to sell F-16 warplanes to Taiwan 41, 150
1993
Xinjiang bombings 74
closing of embassy in Kabul after rocket attacks 118, 126
1995–1996
Taiwan Strait Crisis 40, 48
1996
founding of Shanghai Five, later Shanghai Cooperation Organisation 76
Jiang Zemin makes state visit to India and Pakistan 48–9
Strike Hard campaigns in Xinjiang 70, 72, 75, 76
1997
Urumqi bombings 74, 81
1998
Asian financial crisis 168
United States-China Joint Statement On South Asia 56
1999
Kargil War 57–9, 166
2000
CICIR delegation meets with Taliban in Afghanistan 128, 177
Lu Shulin meets with Taliban in Afghanistan 128–9
2001–2002
Twin Peaks Crisis 60, 150
2001–2014
Afghanistan War 130–43, 151–2, 157–62, 163
2002
reopening of embassy in Kabul 118
2003
Cessna 402B plane crash in Arabian Sea 117–19
2004
Chinese engineers killed in Gwadar bus bombing 102, 137
killing of Chinese workers in Kunduz, Afghanistan 135
kidnapping of Sinohydro engineers in South Waziristan 109–11, 113
2005
Treaty of Good Neighbourliness and Friendly Cooperation 30
2006
Pervez Musharraf makes state visit 62
Sino-Pakistani joint counterterrorism exercises in Abbottabad 155
2007
Lal Masjid hostage crisis and siege ix–x, xii–xvi, 88, 89, 111, 113, 115, 185
Chinese workers killed in Peshawar xv, 111
China-Pakistan Free Trade Agreement 98
2008
China Southern Airlines bomb scare 84–5
Lhasa riots 87
Beijing Summer Olympic Games xiii, 69, 84–5, 90, 146
Asif Ali Zardari makes state visit, kidnapping of ZTE engineers in Swat Valley 112–14, 115, 165, 173
NSG meeting in Vienna 49–52
Mumbai attacks 60–1, 150, 154
2009
IDCPC meeting with Jamaat-e-Islami 68
Pakistan hands over nine Uighur militants to China 147
Urumqi riots 87, 152
2010
United States arms sale to Taiwan 152
IDCPC meeting with Jamiat Ulema-i-Islam 67–8, 88
NSG plenary in Christchurch, New Zealand 63
International Conference on Afghanistan, Kabul 158
2011
Kashgar attacks 85–6
Imran Khan visits Beijing 167
International Conference on Afghanistan, Istanbul 142, 160
International Conference on Afghanistan, Bonn 142, 160
China National Petroleum Corporation wins Afghan oil contract 139
2012
Ashfaq Kayani makes visit 175–6
killing of Hua Jiang in Peshawar 115, 185
Zhou Yongkang visits Kabul 142–3, 160
leadership transition 168, 176
economic slowdown 168–9
2013
PLA incursion in Ladakh 169
Chinese engineers targeted in Karachi bomb attack 171
Li Keqiang visits India and Pakistan 169–71
Nanga Parbat tourist shootings 172–3
Nawaz Sharif makes visit 165, 173–4
Ashfaq Kayani makes visit 176
Tiananmen Square attack 176–7
groundbreaking ceremony for new project at Karachi Nuclear Power Complex 174–5
2014
Kunming attack 177
Urumqi attack 177
China, Republic of 20, 21, 41, 68, 103, 131
China and Pakistan: Diplomacy of an Entente Cordiale 185
China Harbour Engineering Company 100
China Kingho Group 108
China Metallurgical Group Corporation (MCC) 108, 117, 118–21, 132, 135, 137–9, 141
China Mobile 108, 109
China National Nuclear Corporation 63, 175
China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC) 139–41, 143
China Overseas Port Holdings Company 101
China Precision Machinery Import-Export Corporation 107
China Railway Shisiju Group 132, 136
China Road and Bridge Corporation 99, 101
China Shipbuilding and Trading Company 108
China Three Gorges Corporation 108
China-Pakistan Economic Corridor 103, 171, 173, 178
China-Pakistan Strategic Cooperation: Indian Perspectives 186
Chinese Institute of Contemporary International Relations (CICIR) 128, 177
Chittagong, Bangladesh 170
Christchurch, New Zealand 63
CIA (Central Intelligence Agency) 11, 17, 22, 35, 37–8, 82, 124, 125, 156
Clifton, Karachi 171
Clinton, Hillary Rodham 152, 158, 162–3
Clinton, William Jefferson ‘Bill’ 54, 56, 59
coal 69
Cohen, Stephen 187
Cold Start doctrine 45–6
Cold War 22, 41, 53, 122, 183
Cole, USS 118
Coll, Steve 124
Colonel Imam (Sultan Amir Tarar) 89
Communist Party of China (CPC) 67–8, 71, 168 Communist Youth League 168 International Department of the Chinese Communist Party (IDCPC) 67–8, 88
Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty 50
Corera, Gordon Shopping For Bombs 187
Council on Foreign Relations 187
Cowen, Brian 50
cruise missiles 41
Cuba 183 1962 Cuban Missile Crisis 22
Cultural Revolution 70, 93–4, 95, 107
Dalai Lama 21
Dares Salaam, Tanzania 44, 127
Davis, Raymond 156
Dawn 16
Defense Department (United States) 125
Defense Intelligence Agency 39
Delhi, India 170, 184
Deng Xiaoping 27, 35, 38, 64, 70, 74, 77, 97, 124, 145, 149
Deobandi movement 67
Department of Energy (United States) 28
Dera Ismail Khan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa 88, 110
Development Advisory Service (Harvard) 95
DH-10 cruise missiles 41
Dhaka, Bangladesh 10, 15
Djibouti 104
Dong Feng (CSS-2) missiles 42
Dongfeng Agricultural Machinery Company 129
Dostum, Rashid 140–1
Dragon Mart, Dubai 68–9
drone strikes 145–7
Dubai, United Arab Emirates 68–9, 112, 119, 165
Dulles Airport, Washington D.C. 28
Durrani Associates 94
Dushanbe, Tajikistan 76
East China Sea 178
East Pakistan 10–16, 17, 19, 77
East Turkistan Democratic Islamic Party 74
East Turkistan Information Centre 73
East Turkistan Islamic Movement (ETIM) 68–9, 74, 75, 76, 81, 82–6, 88, 89–91, 114, 127, 133, 146–8, 177
East Turkistan Islamic Party (ETIP) 74–5
East Turkistan National Unity Alliance 74
East Turkistan Republic 73
East Wind missiles see Dong Feng missiles
Eastern Turkistan People’s Revolutionary Party 73
Eating Grass: the Making of the Pakistani Bomb 187
Egypt 105, 124, 149
Eikenberry, Karl 158
Ejaz ul Haq, Muhammad xii
Eternal Flame see Shola e Jawed
European Council 50
European Union (EU) 60, 96
F-16 see General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon
F-22P Zulfiquar-class frigate 108
F-8, Islamabad ix, 185
Farman Ali, Rao 14
Faruque, Ghulam 93
Faryab province, Afghanistan 132
Fatemi, Tariq 165, 173
Fazal-ur-Rehman, Maulana xiii, 68, 88
Fazal-ur-Rahman ‘China-Pakistan Economic Relations’ 186
Fazlullah, Maulana 113
FBI (Federal Bureau of Intelligence) 130
Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA), Pakistan xii, xv, 6, 83, 109, 111, 113, 133, 145, 178
Ferghana Valley 75
FIM-92 Stingers 125–6
financial crisis (2008) 96–7, 115
Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence 20
Forbidden City, Beijing 176
Ford Ranger pickup trucks 152
Ford, Gerald 37
foreign direct investment (FDI) 96
Foreign Policy 187
Forward Operating Base Chapman, Afghanistan 156
France 38, 185
From a Head, Through a Head, To a Head 185
Frontier Works Organisation 101, 106, 111
G8 summit 87
Gaddafi, Muammar 28
Galbraith, John Kenneth 23, 25
Gandhi, Indira 11, 22
Gandhi, Rajiv 48
Garver, John 186
Gates, Robert 38
Gauhar, Altaf Ayub Khan: Pakistan’s First Military Ruler 186
General Atomics MQ-1 Predator 146
General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon 29, 36, 38, 39, 41, 150
Geng Biao 106, 123
Geo TV xiv
German Marshall Fund (GMF) 184, 187
Germany 80, 142, 160
Gezhouba Group 108
Ghauri missiles 41, 64
Ghazi, Abdul Aziz xi, xiv
Ghazi, Abdul Rashid xi–xiv
Ghazi, Muhammad Abdullah xi
Gilani, Yousuf 16, 156, 161
Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan 65, 71, 100, 102, 167, 171–3
Global Times 84
Golden Mango cigarettes 94
Goldman Sachs 98
Gomal Zam Dam, South Waziristan 109–11
Good Looks Fabrics and Tailors 27
Great Hall of the People, Beijing 168, 173
Green Party (Austria) 50
Gromov, Boris 126
Guangdong, China 87, 100, 168 Guangzhou 85, 87 Shenzhen 169
Guantánamo Bay, Cuba 73, 83, 110
Gujranwala Corps (Pakistan) 114
Gul Bahadar, Hafiz 147
Gul, Hamid 79, 114
Gulf of Aden 105
Gwadar, Balochistan x–xi, xv, 4, 53, 65, 93, 100–3, 104–5, 109, 115, 137, 156, 167, 171, 176
Hafizullah Amin 122
Haider, Ziad
‘Sino-Pakistan Relations and Xinjiang’s Uighurs’ 186
Haig, Alexander 11
Hajigak iron ore mine, Afghanistan 141
Hakimi, Abdul Latif 136
Hamid Gul 79, 114
Hanzhong, Shaanxi 34, 39
Haqqani network 138, 147
Haqqani, Hussain 80, 187
Haqqani, Jalaluddin 134
Haqqani, Sayyed Mohammad 128
Haqqani, Sirajuddin 89
Harpoon anti-ship missiles 29
Harvard University 95
Harvest Tradings 95
Hatch, Orrin 125
Hatf missiles 40
hawala 68
He Yafei 60
Heavy Industries Taxila (HIT) 48, 108
Hekmatyar, Gulbuddin 78, 124, 136–7
Hellfire missiles 145
Helmand, Afghanistan 129
Henan, China 94
Herat, Afghanistan 75
HEU (highly enriched uranium) 34
Hezb-e-Islami 78, 124, 136–7
Hibbs, Mark 187
Himalayas 13, 20–2, 57, 172, 173
Hindi-Chini bhai bhai 20
Hindu Kush 83, 172
History of the Karakoram Highway 186
Hizb-ut-Tahrir 83
HN-5 anti-aircraft missiles 134
Holbrooke, Richard 145
Hotan, Xinjiang 18, 86
Hotanabad, Rawalpindi 81
HQ-9 surface-to-air missiles 41
Hu Jintao x, xiii, 49, 51, 62, 65, 87, 112
Hu Shisheng
‘Afghan Reconstruction: Regional Challenges’ 186
Hua Jiang 115
Huang Hua 11, 12
Huawei 108, 129, 132
Hubei, China 40
Hunza Valley 21
Hussain, Mian Arshad 93
Hussain, Shujaat xiii
Hussain, Zahid xi–xii
hydropower 108, 115, 171, 172, 174
IEDs (improvised explosive devices) 65, 133
India x, 1, 2, 3–4, 20–5, 44–6, 49–65, 69, 77, 82, 97, 105, 106, 122, 141, 142, 160, 162, 169, 176, 179, 184
1947
Indo-Pakistani War 77
1954
Panchsheel Treaty (Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence) 20
1960
meetings with China to resolve border dispute 22
1962
Sino-Indian War 3, 21, 22–5, 122
1965
Indo-Pakistani War 3, 9, 17–19, 45, 57, 77, 78, 165, 186
1971
Indo-Soviet Friendship Treaty 13
Indo-Pakistani War 3, 9–16, 29, 77, 103, 148, 183
1974
Smiling Buddha (Pokhran-I) nuclear test 32
1984
seizure of Siachen Glacier 57
1988
short-range ballistic missile test 40
Rajiv Gandhi makes state visit to China 48
1989
intermediate-range ballistic missile test 40
1996
Jiang Zemin makes state visit 48–9
1998
Pokhran-II nuclear test 54–5
1999 Lahore declaration 59
Kargil War 16, 57–9, 150, 166
2000
Bill Clinton makes state visit 55
2001–2002
parliament attack 60
Twin Peaks Crisis 60, 150
2004
Cold Start doctrine 45–6
2005
India-United States Civil Nuclear Agreement xi, 51, 53, 61, 62, 63, 107
2008
NSG meeting in Vienna 49–52
Mumbai attacks 46, 60–1, 150, 154
2013
PLA incursion in Ladakh 169
Li Keqiang visits 169
Manmohan Singh makes visit to Japan 170
India’s Nuclear Bomb: the Impact on Global Proliferation 187
Indian Council of World Affairs 170
Indian Ocean 21, 98, 103
Indo-Pakistani War (1947) 77
Indo-Pakistani War (1965) 3, 9, 17–19, 45, 57, 77, 78, 165, 186
Indo-Pakistani War (1971) 3, 9–16, 29, 77, 103, 148
Integrity Watch Afghanistan 138
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) 27, 33, 50, 62, 63
International Conference on Afghanistan
2010 Kabul 158
2011 Bonn 142, 160
2011 Istanbul 142, 160
International Department of the Chinese Communist Party (IDCPC) 67–8, 88
International Monetary Fund (IMF) 112, 151, 173
Iqbal, Ahsan 173
Iqbal, Zafar xiii
Iran 12, 28, 29, 33, 38, 42–4, 76, 82, 127, 134, 136, 150, 180, 183
1980–1988 Iran-Iraq War 43
Iraq 34, 43, 150, 162, 163, 179
1980–1988 Iran-Iraq War 43
1981 Israeli strike on Osirak reactor 34
2003–2011 Iraq War 150, 162, 163
Ireland 50
ISAF (International Security Assistance Force) 135
ISI (Directorate for Inter-Services Intelligence) xi, 46, 61, 79, 81, 86, 89, 91, 114, 120, 124–6, 133, 136–8, 147, 151, 154, 156, 161
ISIS (Islamic State of Iraq and Syria) 179
Islamabad, Pakistan 71, 124, 128, 152, 184, 187
F-8 ix, 185
Jamia Hafsa madrassa ix, xi
Lal Masjid ix–x, xi–xvi, 88, 89, 111, 113, 115, 172, 178, 185
Marriott Hotel 172
Presidential Palace xi
Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan (IMU) 75–6, 82, 90, 127, 129, 136, 146, 178, 179
Islamic Reformist Party (Xinjiang) 74
Islamic State 179
Islamism 70, 74
Ispahani, Mahnaz
Roads and Rivals: The Political Uses of Access in The Borderlands of Asia 185–6
Israel 34–5, 42, 43,124, 149
Istanbul, Turkey 142, 160
Jalalabad, Afghanistan 132, 135
Jalil, Abdul 73
Jamaat-e-Islami (JI) 68, 78, 79, 80, 168
Jamaat-ud-Dawa 61, 174
Jamia Hafsa madrassa, Islamabad ix, xi
Jamiat Ulema-i-Islam (JUI) 67–8, 76, 133
Fazlur Rehman group (JUI-F) 68
Jammu and Kashmir see under Kashmir
Jammu and Kashmir Liberation Front 78
Japan 36, 50, 130, 131
Jawzjan, Afghanistan 141
JF-17 fighter aircraft see CAC/PAC JF-17 Thunder
Jiang Shengjie 33
Jiang Yili xii
Jiang Zemin 47, 48–9, 53, 54, 56, 59, 65, 130, 131, 132, 168
Jiangxi Copper 119
Jihad: The Rise of Military Islam in Central Asia 187