The Indian Ocean
Page 57
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* * *
Index
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Abbé Carré 155, 178, 182–3, 188
'Abd al-Ra'uf 176
Abd-er-Razzak 108–9, 110–1
Aceh 102
Aden 34, 92, 93, 103,106–7, 262;
Indian merchants in 96, 220;
Portuguese and 120, 124, 128, 132
Agha Rahimi 182–3
Akbar 116, 171
Alawi see sufis
Albany and Fremantle 34–5
Andaman islands 161, 254–5
aquatic society 42–4
Armenia, Armenians 100, 165
arrivals 241–3
Asia [ship] 218
Australia 195–6
Austronesians 60–1
Aydhab 32–3
Baghdad 103, 108–9
bananas 60, 168
Banda islands see spice trade
Bandar Abbas 162
Bangkok 43–4
Barbosa, Duarte 69, 81, 87
Barendse, Rene 79, 116, 162, 167
barques 208, 210
Barros, João de 92–3, 122
Barygaza 53
Batavia [ship] 1, 185
Batavia see Jakarta
Bay of Bengal 15, 19, 22, 55, 94;
Portuguese and 123, 136, 154
beach 37
Berenike 53
Bijapur 130–1
bluefish tuna 8
Bombay and Persia Steam Navigation Company see Mogul Line
Bombay see Mumbai
boredom on board ship 238–40
Bowrey, Sir Thomas 48–9, 127, 166, 185
Boxer C.R. 122,153
Brassey, Lady 233–4, 251
Braudel, Fernand 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 13, 27–8, 45, 128
Britain, British 145, 149;
control land 192–3;
and country trade 150–1, 157;
dominate ocean 190–1;
and Indian merchants 219–20;
indigenous shipping disadvantaged 218–19;
leave Indian Ocean 281;
stages of oceanic control 194;
trade with Europe 150;
superiority 191–2
British India Steam Navigation Company [BI] 204, 205
Broeze, Frank 5, 13, 31, 194, 217–18, 253
Broome 271–2
Buddhists, Buddhism 46, 53, 58–9, 75, 173
bulk cargo carriers 263, 264
bullion, bullion trade 116–17, 128–9, 151–2, 167–8, 197, 204;
in East Africa 84, 92, 140–1
Burton, Isabel 18, 192, 210–11, 231, 232, 242, 243
Burton, Richard 220
Calcutta see Kolkata
Calicut 87, 94, 98, 101, 110, 124, 126, 135
Cambay 34, 94, 98 133
Canton see Guangzhou
car carriers 263–4
Carletti, Franceso 186, 188
carreira [India-Portugal voyage] 120, 121, 122, 134, 143, 177
cartaz 121, 131
casados [householders, married men] see Portuguese
Ceylon see Sri Lanka
Chaudhuri, K.N. 6, 27
Chaunu, Pierre 3, 5
Cheng Ho see Zheng He
Chennai 145, 148;
as colonial port 215;
landing at 26, 35, 212;
society at 158
Chettiars 219
China, Chinese 119;
relations with Portuguese 131–2;
ships of 69–71, 90;
in southeast Asia 220–1, 250;
trade of 89–91, 164–5
Chittagong 94, 136
choke points 17
Christians, Christianity 59–60, 153–4
Chulias 96, 166
cinnamon see Sri Lanka, spice trade
cloves see spice trade
coastal passenger ships 242, 254–5
coastal trade see pedlars
Cochin 135
Coen, J.P. 146, 150–1
coffee 168
Colas 123
Cold War 281–3
Colombo 36, 94, 119, 191–2, 262;
as colonial port 216
Comoro islands 252, 259
conference system 205–6
Conrad, Joseph 1–2, 45, 241
consolidation of Islam see rectification
container ships 262–3;
ports provide facilities 262–3
conversion 169–70;
to Islam 76–80, 170–2;
success of 172–3;
to Catholicism 170–2;
success of 172–3
coral 39, 278
Cornwallis [ship] 218
Correia, Gaspar 65, 78–9
corruption 141–2
corsairs see pirates
<
br /> country trade [intra Asian] 150–1
Cousteau, Jacques 18, 30, 39, 48, 278, 279
Couto, Diogo do 140–1, 141–2
cowry shells 84–5, 151, 168, 195
Cron, Ferdinand 135
crops, introduced 168
cruising 233–4, 265
currents 24
Curtin, Philip 99, 219
Curzon, George 192, 196, 199, 207–8
Dale, Stephen 80–1,167
Dampier 264
Darius [ship] 256
Das Gupta, Ashin 117, 153
Daybul 93
Dean Mahomet 178, 184
dhows, 63–9, 200, 252, 256–8
diasporas 99–100, 219
Diego Garcia 282–3
disease, medicine 141, 154–5, 169;
in nineteenth century 224;
on ships 186–7, 189
Diu 121–2, 130, 133–4, 142
Dofar 97
D'Orta, Garcia 139, 154, 156
dredging 216–7
Dunn, Ross 75, 77
Dutch 144–5;
and country trade 150–1, 157–8;
decline 190–1;
defeat Portuguese 146;
discipline on ships 187;
problems in controlling 147–8;
and spice trade 146–8;
trade with Europe 150
Earl, Lancelot 197, 221, 228, 229
East Africa see Swahili coast
Eden, Emily 37, 210, 242
East India Company [EIC] see British
elephants, trade in 163
Elwood, Mrs 243–4
empires, effect on sea trade 88–9;
effects of decline 117–18;
interest in maritime matters 115–6;
see also political elites
engineers, improve colonial ports 212–16;
see also dredging
Enterprise [ship] 282
environment, problems with 278–80
Estado da India see Portuguese
Eurasia 13–14 138–9
Europeans, stages of influence 114, 139–40, 145, 148–9, 152–3, 190, 192, 217–18
see also British, Dutch, French, Portuguese
Fa Hsien 55, 57–8
Fay, Mrs 199, 227–8
Fernandez-Armesto, Felipe 19, 20
fish, fisherfolk 30, 41, 56;
modern in India 266–71
fluvial ports 33–4
food on board ships 111, 189, 226–9, 239–40