Disaster in Korea
Page 66
13. 25th Inf. Div. Hist., Bk. 2, Nov 1950, Narr., TF Dolvin, p. 5; ibid., Unit Hist., HQ 89th Med. Tank Bn., p. 4, Nov 1950.
14. 25th Inf. Div. WD, Bk. 9, Nov 1950, including Unit Hist., 89th Mcd. Tank Bn., 26 Nov 50, Box 3765.
15. Sawyer, letter to author, 14 June 74.
16. 25th Inf. Div. WD, 26-27 Nov 50; 89th Med. Tank Bn., Unit Rpt., Nov 1950, and S-3 Jnl. file, 26-27 Nov 50, Box 3769; FEC GO No. 58, 2 Aug 51, awarding the Medal of Honor, Posthumously, to Capt. Reginald B. Desiderio, E Co., 27th Inf., for action 27 Nov 50; see Marshall, River and Gauntlet, pp. 200-209, for details of this action.
17. 25th Inf. Div. WD, Bk. 9, 27 Nov 50; Sawyer, letter to author, 14 June 74, and Sawyer, interview with author, 23 June 74.
18. 25th Inf. Div. WD, including Unit Rpt., 89th Tank Bn., 27 Nov 50, Box 3769; ibid., Bk. 2, Unit Hist., HQ 89th Med. Tank Bn.; Marshall, River and Gauntlet, p. 210.
19. New York Timer, 29 Nov 50, p. 3, col. 1.
20. The account of Murch's 2nd An. action, the night of 26-27 Nov 50, is based on 2nd Bn., 27th Inf., Unit Hist., 26-27 Nov 50, 25th Inf. Div. WD, Nov 1950, Box 3764; and Marshall, Rivrr and Gauntlet, pp. 216-19.
21. Barth, "Tropic Lightning and Taro Lcaf," p. 42; 25th Inf. Div. WD, Bk. 10, Unit Rpt., 8th FA Bn., 26-27 Nov 50, Box 3769; 64th FA Bn., Summ. Rpt., Nov 1950, 25th Inf. Div. WD, Bk. 9, and 90th FA Bn. WD, 27 Nov 50, Unit Rpts., Box 3769; 25th Inf. Div. WD, 89th Tank Bn., Unit Rpt., 26-27 Nov 50, Box 3765; Marshall, River and Gauntlet, pp. 250-60; Map of Korea, Unsan Sheet, 1:50,000 scale, shows the topography around Ipsok and the terrain of the 8th FA Bn. positions.
22. Sawyer, interview with author, 23 June 74; Sawyer, letter to author, 14 June 74.
23. Sawyer, letter to author, 14 June 74; 25th Inf. Div. WD, Nov 1950, Bk. 9, Annex 10, Unit Rpt., 25th Rccon. Co., 27 Nov 50, Box 3765.
24. 25th Inf. Div. WD, Bk. 9, 89th Med. Tank Bn., Unit Rpt., 27 Nov 50, Box 3765; Marshall, River and Gauntlet, pp. 231-33.
25. IX Corps WD, PIR No. 62 and POR No. 190, 27 Nov 50, Box 1769; 25th Inf. Div. WD, Bk. 2, HQ 89th Mcd. Tank Bn., p. 5, Box 3769, and 89th Tank Bn., S-3 Jnl. file, 27 Nov 50, Box 3765; 25th Inf. Div. WD, 2nd Bn., 27th Inf., Unit Rpt., 27 Nov 50, Box 3764; Marshall, River and Gauntlet, p. 234.
26. Robert F. Futrell, The United States Air Force in Kmsa, 1950-1953 (New York: Duell, Sloan, and Pearce, 1961), p. 237; 25th Inf. Div. WD, Nov 1950, Unit Rpt., 2nd Bn., 27th Inf., 27-28 Nov 50, Box 3764; 25th Inf. Div. WD, Nov 1950, Unit Hist., HQ 89th Med. Tank Bn., p. 5; Marshall, River and Gauntlet, pp. 243-45.
27. 25th Inf. Div. WD, Nov 1950, Bk. 9, Annex 10, Unit Rpt., 25th Recon. Co., Box 3769.
28. The account of the 25th Div. withdrawal on 28 Nov is based on the following sources: IX Corps WD, Bk. 1, 28 Nov 50, and Annex 2, Vol. 6, G-3 Msg. No. 1938; 25th Div. WD, Bk. 1, 28 Nov 50, and 25th Div. WD, PIR No. 133, 28 Nov 50, and POR No. 73, 29 Nov 50, and PLR No. 135, 29 Nov 50, Box 3763; IX Corps WD, Vol. 4, G-3 Sec. Spot Rpts., 28 Nov 50, Box 1770; I Corps WD, Summ., 28 Nov 50, Box 1496; 25th Div. WD, Nov 1950, Bk. 2, including 89th Med. Tank Bn. Unit Rpt., 28 Nov 50, and Bk. 9, Unit Rpts., Box 3769. Overlay showing positions and movements of the 25th Div., 28-29 Nov 50, is in author's possession.
29. Overlay of 25th Div. regiments and its own CP positions, 28-29 Nov 50, in author's possession; IX Corps WD, Vol. 4, G-3 Spot Rpts., 29 Nov 50, Box 1770; 25th Inf. Div. WD, 2nd Bn., 27th Inf. Unit Rpt., 29 Nov, and 3rd Bn., 27th Inf. Unit Rpts., 29 Nov 50, Box 3764; 25th Inf. Div. WD, Nov 1950, 25th Recon. Co. Unit Rpt., 29 Nov 50, Box 3769; 25th Inf. Div. WD, Nov 1950, Bk. 9, Box 3769.
30. 25th Inf. Div. WD, Summ., 26 Nov 50; Col. Henry K. Fisher, interview with author, 5 Jan 52; Lt. Hoyt, 2nd Bn., 35th Inf., interview with author, 4 Sept 51; Eighth Army WD, Sec. 2, G-3 Jnl. file, 26 Nov 50; 3rd Bn. S-3 Jnl. entry, 35th Inf. Unit Rpt., in 25th Inf. Div. WD, 26 Nov 50, and 35th Inf. Narr., 26 Nov 50, in 25th Inf. Div. WD, 26 Nov 50. The 3rd Bn. and the 35th Inf. Unit Rpts. tell about the CCF penetration of L Co. and the capture of five American prisoners.
31. Barth, "Tropic Lightning and Taro Leaf," p. 42; 3rd Bn., 35th Inf. Narr., and S-3 Jnl. file, 25th Div. WD, 26-27 Nov 50, Box 3764; 35th Inf. Narr., 25th Inf. Div. WD, 27 Nov 50, Box 3764; IX Corps WD, Vol. 4, 27 Nov 50, Box 1770; ibid., Vol. 3, G-2 Spot Rpts., 27 Nov 50, Box 1769, and IX Corps, PIR No. 62, 27 Nov 50, Box 1769; Eighth Army WD, Sec. 2, G-2 PIR No. 138, 27 Nov 50, Box 1131.
32. 25th Inf. Div. WD, 35th Inf. Narr., 27 Nov 50, Box 3764; 1st, 2nd and 3rd Bns., 35th Inf. Narrs., 27 Nov 50, all in 25th Inf. Div. WD, Box 3764; IX Corps WD, POR, 27 Nov 50, Box 1769; Eighth Army WD, Sec. 2, G-3 Jnl. file, 27 Nov 50, Box 1131; Marshall, Riper and Gauntlet, pp. 210-11.
33. 2nd Bn., 35th Inf. WD, 25th Inf. Div. WD, 27-28 Nov 50 (the records in the National Archives for this battalion are missing those for 27-28 Nov 50; the narrative presented here reflects only a general account prepared later from recollections); 1st Bn., 35th Inf. Narr., 27-28 Nov, 25th Inf. Div. WD, Nov 1950; 3rd Bn., S-3 Jnl. file, 28 Nov 50, 35th Inf., in 25th Inf. Div. WD, Nov 1950. (All foregoing bn. records are in Box 3764.) 89th Mcd. Tank Bn. Unit Rpt., in 25th Inf. Div. WD, 28 Nov 50, Box 3769; 35th Inf. Narr. in 25th Inf. Div. WD, 27-28 Nov 50; IX Corps POR No. 190, 27 Nov 50; IX Corps WD, Vol. 3, 28 Nov 50, Box 1769; Barth, "Tropic Lightning and Taro Leaf," p. 43.
34. Records of the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd Rns., 35th Inf., for 28 Nov 50, and 35th Inf., as cited abovc; Barth, "Tropic Lightning and Taro Leaf," p. 43.
35. IX Corps WD, Nov 1950, PIR No. 62, 27 Nov 50, Box 1769; 1 Corps WD, Nov 1950, PIR No. 74, 28 Nov 50, Box 1501.
36. See Appleman, South to the Naktong, North to the Talu, for the combat record of the 24th Inf. in the earlier phases of the Korean War. Black infantry units were integrated into white infantry units in the fall of 1951, and segregated infantry units then ceased to exist in the US Army.
37. 2nd Bn., 24th Inf. Unit Rpt., in 25th Inf. Div. WD, 25 Nov 50, Box 3764; 24th Inf. Comd. Rpt. 25 Nov 50; 3rd Bn., 24th Inf. Unit Rpt., 25 Nov 50, in 25th Inf. Div. WD, Nov 1950, Box 3764; 25th Inf. Div. WD, Bk. 9, Nov 1950, Box 3769.
38. 2nd Bn., 24th Inf., Unit Rpt., in 25th Inf. Div. WD, 26 Nov 50, and 24th Inf. Unit Rpt., 25th Div., 27 Nov 50, Box 3764; 25th Inf. Div. WD, Summ., 26 Nov 50; IX Corps WI), PIR No. 61, 26 Nov 50, and POR No. 185, 26 Nov 50, Box 1769; IX Corps WI), Vol. 4, G-3 Spot Rpts., 26 Nov 50, Box 1770; Eighth Army WD, Sec. 2, G-3 Jnl. file, 26 Nov 50, Box 1131; Barth, "Tropic Lightning and Taro Leaf," p. 41.
39. 1st Bn., 24th Inf. Unit Rpt., in 25th Inf. Div. WD, 26-27 Nov 50, and 24th Inf. Comd. Rpt., in 25th Div. WD, 26 Nov 50, both in Box 3764; Corley, interviews with author, 6-7 Nov 51; Marshall, Rnur and Gauntlet, p. 213.
40. 3rd Bn., 24th Inf. Unit Rpt., in 25th Div. WD, 26 Nov 50; IX Corps WD, 26 Nov 50; 3rd Bn., 27th Inf. Unit Rpt., in 25th Div. WD, 26-27 Nov 50, and 27th Inf. Narr., in 25th Div. WD, both in Box 3764.
41. 2nd Bn., 24th Inf. Unit Rpt., 27 Nov 50, in 25th Div. WD, Nov 1950; 24th Inf. Comd. Rpt., 25th Div. WD, 27 Nov 50, Box 3764. This 24th Inf. Comd. Rpt. has no further daily reports for the month of Nov 1950 in the official records at the National Archives.
42. 3rd Bn., 24th Inf. Unit Rpt., in 25th Div. WD, 27 Nov 50, Box 3764; 89th Med. Tank Bn. Unit Rpt., 27-28 Nov 50, in 25th Div. WD, Nov 1950; Corley, interviews with author, 6-7 Nov 51; Barth, "Tropic Lightning and Taro Leaf," p. 43.
43. HQ 89th Mcd. Tank Bn. Unit Hist., in 25th Div WD, Bk. 2, 28 Nov 50; 1st Bn., 24th Inf. Unit Rpt., 28 Nov 50; 2nd Bn., 24th Inf. Unit Rpt., 28 Nov 50; 3rd Bn., Unit Rpt., 28 Nov 50; 24th Inf. Comd. Rpt., 28 Nov 50; 3rd Bn., 27th Inf. Unit Rpt., all in 25th Inf. Div. WD, Box 3764; IX Corps WD, Vol. 4, G-3 Spot Rpts., 28 Nov 50, Box 1770. Overlay of troop unit positions of 25th and 2nd Inf. Div. in Kunu-ri area, 1:250,000 scale, in author's possession.
44. Corley, interviews with author, 6-7 Nov 51.
Chapter 9
1. 19th Inf. Rcgt. Unit Rpt., in 24th Inf. Div. WD, 26 Nov 50, Box 3534; 24th Inf. Div. WD, 25-26 Nov 50, Box 3512; 1 Corps WD, 26 Nov 50, Box 1496; Eighth Army WD, Sec. 2, G-3 Sec., and
PIR No. 137, 26 Nov 50, Box 1131.
2. 24th Inf. Div. WD, Bk. 1, 26 Nov 50.
3. 24th Inf. Div. WD, 27 Nov 50, Box 3512; 21st Inf. Rcgt. Unit Rpt., and S-3 Jnl. file, in 24th Inf. Div. WD, 27 Nov 50, Box 3538; I Corps WD, Summ., 27 Nov 50, Box 1496; Eighth Army WD, Sec. 2, G-3 Jnl. file, 27 Nov 50, Box 1131.
4. 5th RCT Unit Rpt., 27-28 Nov 50, Box 4691; 24th Inf. Div. WD, 28 Nov 50, and 24th Inf. I)iv. PIR No. 139,28 Nov 50, Box 3512; I Corps WD, Summ., and PIR No. 74, 28 Nov 50, Boxes 1496 and 1501.
S. 21st Inf. Rcgt. Unit Rpt. 143, 28 Nov 50, in 24th Inf. Div. WD, Nov 1950, Box 3538.
6. 24th Inf. Div. WD, Bk. 1, 28 Nov 50, Box 3512; I Corps WD, Nov 1950.
7. I Corps WD, 28 Nov 50, p. 38; 24th Inf. Div. WD, Bk. 1, 28 Nov 50.
8. 21st Inf. Regt., S-3 Jnl. file, 29 Nov 50, and 21st Inf. Unit Rpt., 29 Nov 50, in 24th Inf. Div. WD, 29 Nov 50, Box 3538; 1 Corps WD, 29 Nov 50, pp. 39-40.
9. 5th RCT Unit Rpt. Nos. 108 and 109, 29 Nov 50, Box 4691.
10. Capt. William F. Brown, Arty., "Chongchon Withdrawal," Antutin-raft journal 94, no. 2 (Mar-Apr 1951): 18-20.
11. IX Corps WD, 25 Nov 50, Box 1496; IX Corps WD, Vol. 4, G-3 Spot Rpts., 25 Nov, Box 1770.
12. I Corps WD, Summ., 26 Nov 50, Box 1496; Eighth Army WD, Sec. 2, G-3 Jnl. file, 26 Nov 50, Box 1131; FEC DIS Nos. 3001 and 3002, 27-28 Nov 50, Box 99; Eighth Army WD, Summ., Sec. 1, Nov 1950.
13. Brown, "Chongchon Withdrawal," p. 19.
14. I Corps WD, Summ., 27 Nov 50, Box 1496; IX Corps WD, Vol. 4, G-3 Spot Rpts., 27 Nov 50, Box 1770; Eighth Army WD, Sec. 2, G-2 PIR No. 138, and Intelligence Summ. No. 3002 for Combined G-2/G-3 Situation Map, 28 Nov 50.
15. 1 Corps WD Summ., 28 Nov 50, Box 1496; IX Corps WD, Vol. 3,28 Nov 50, and Vol. 4, G-3 Spot Rpts., 28 Nov 50, Boxes 1769 and 1770, respectively; 24th Inf. I)iv. WD, 28 Nov 50, Box 3512; FEC DIS No. 3003, 29 Nov 50, Box 99; Eighth Army WD, Summ., Sec. 1, 28 Nov 50, Box 1122; Brown, "Chongchon Withdrawal," pp. 19- 20; Eighth Army WD, Intelligence Summ. Nos. 2002 and 2003, Situation Maps, 28- 29 Nov 50, Box 99.
16. Brown, "Chongchon Withdrawal," p. 20; Eighth Army WD, G-3 Jnl. file, 29 Nov 50, Box 1132, and Eighth Army WD, Summ., Sec. 1, 29 Nov 50, Box 1122.
17. 25th Med. Bn. Unit Rpt., Nov 1950, Box 3769.
18. See Roy E. Appleman, East of Chosin: Entrapment and Brrakout in KB=, 1950 (College Station: Texas A&M University Press, 1987), pp. 301-302.
Chapter 10
1. Pcploc, MS.
2. Eighth Army WD, Sec. 2, G-2 Interrogation of POWs Annex, interrogation of Capt. Chang Han-chung, captured 25 Nov 50, by 23rd Inf. at Chinaman's Hat, Box 1131; IX Corps WD, PIR No. 61, Annex 2, 26 Nov 50, POW Rpt., 359th Regt., Box 1769; ATIS Interrogation Rpts. (Enemy Forces), Issue 23, No. 2791, 3 Jan 51, p. 161, reporting interrogation of Cultural Officer We Yu Shu, Hvy. Weapons Co., 2nd Bn., 359th Regt., 120th Div., 40th Army, captured 26 Nov 50 at Chinaman's Hat.
3. Map of Korea, Kujang Sheet, 1950, scale 1:50,000; 2nd Inf. Div. WD, 1-30 Nov 50, Narr. Summ., p. 50, Box 2435; Marshall, River and Gauntlet, pp. 58-63.
4. ATIS Interrogation Rpts. (Enemy Forces), Issue 22, No. 2705, 13 Dcc 50, p. 15.
5. Map of Korea, Kujang Sheet, 1950, scale 1:50,000; Marshall, River and Gauntlet, pp. 64-75; 2nd Inf. Div. WD, Summ., 25-26 Nov 50, Box 2345.
6. Eighth Army Gen. Ord. No. 139, 13 Mar 51, awarding the Silver Star to Cpl. Walter K. Crawford, Jr., B Co., 9th Inf.; 9th Inf. Comd. Rpt., Narr. Hist., 25-26 Nov 50, Box 2471; Marshall, River and Gauntlet, pp. 29-40. Marshall interviewed many B Co. survivors of the Hill 219 action. Records of the 9th Inf. and of its battalions and companies arc almost nonexistent for the period 25-26 Nov 50. No doubt many offi cers and enlisted men of B Co. deserved awards for combat performance on 25-26 Nov 50 at Hill 219 who never received recognition. The same can be said about many combat episodes.
7. Marshall states in his account that the personnel of A Co., 23rd Inf., whom he interviewed gave the time as about dusk. Official American unit reports of the Chinese crossings vary from 10 P.M. to 11 P.M. I believe this period of time is about correct. Dusk would be far too early, since that puts the crossings at 5 P.M. or a little later.
8. 1st Cav. Div. WD, 26 Nov 50; 23rd Inf. Comd. Rpt., 25 Nov 50, Box 2472; Eighth Army WD, Sec. 2, G-3 Sec., 26 Nov 50, Box 1131; Marshall, River and Gauntlet, pp. 47-48; Radow, 1st Bn., 23rd Inf., and Majors, A Co., 23rd Inf., interviews with Gugeler, 25 Nov-1 Dec 52, in Gugder, MS. Sec also Capt. Edward C. Williamson, "Action at Kunu-ri" (Mimeographed copy in files, Office Chief of Military History, DA), which tells the story of the 17th FA Bn. from 24 Nov through 1 Dec 50. This battalion's 8-inch howitzers were in firing position at Kujang-long at the time of the Chinese attack.
9. Marshall (Riper and Gauntlet, p. 44) gives the time as about 6:30 P.m. The 23rd Inf. WD gives it as 10 P.m. The 1st Cav. Div. WD, which reported for the 61st FA Bn., gives the time of the attack on the 61st FA Bn. as 11 P.m. The 61st FA Bn. returned to its parent organization, the 1st Cav. Div., on 27 Nov. The Gugeler MS, based on interviews with 1st Lt. Majors and Maj. Radow, gives the time of the CCF crossing as being about 10 P.m. I accept that time as being approximately correct.
10. Gugeler, MS.
11. Details of the 1st and 3rd plats., A Co., action are based on Marshall, River and Gauntlet, pp. 4619, and Gugelcr, MS. Sec also IX Corps WD, Vol. 3, Nov 1950, Box 1769; 23rd Inf. Comd. Rpt., 25-26 Nov 50, Box 2472, which gives 10:30 P.M. as the time for the CCF crossing of the Chongchon. The 2nd Inf. Div. WD, 25 Nov, G-2 Rpt., Box 2435, gives the time of the enemy attack as 10 P.M.
12. Gugeler, MS; 23rd Inf. Comd. Rpt. 25-26 Nov 50, Box 2472; 2nd Div. WD, 25-26 Nov 50, Box 2435; Marshall, River and Gauntlet, pp. 50-54. Marshall says that there were 410 Chinese dead counted in front of the 23rd Inf. and 111 CCF prisoners taken during the night.
13. 38th Inf. Comd. Rpt., Summ., 25-26 Nov 50, Box 2473; Marshall, River and Gauntlet, p. 104; Peploc, MS.
14. 38th Inf. Comd. Rpt., Summ., 25-26 Nov 50, Box 2473; Map of Korea, Kujang Sheet, Nov 1950, scale 1:50,000; Eighth Army, Intelligence Summ. No. 3001 for Combined G-2/G-3 Situation Map, 270200 Nov 50, Box 99.
15. Capt. William E. Manning (S-3, 3rd Bn., 38th Inf.), interview with author, 20 Aug 51. Lowery related his experiences in this episode to Manning in Aug 1951.
16. 38th Inf. Comd. Rpt., Summ., 25-26 Nov 50, Box 2473.
17. Ibid., 25-26 Nov 50; Marshall, Riper and Gauntlet, pp. 148-49.
18. Manning, interview with author, 20 Aug 51; Marshall, Riv rand Gauntlet, pp. 116-33.
19. 38th Inf. Comd. Rpt., in 2nd Div. WD, 26 Nov 50, Box 2473. This document in the S-2 and S-3 Jnls., Item 43, reports that Lt. Hollingsworth had 60 men with him when he amvcd at the 2nd Bn. CP.
20. Peploe, MS.
21. Ibid.; Manning, interview with author, 20 Aug 51; 38th Inf. Comd. Rpt., in 2nd Div. WD, 26 Nov 50, Box 2473; IX Corps WD, Vol. 4, G-3 Spot Rpts., 26 Nov 50, Box 1770; Marshall, River and Gauntlet, pp. 134-51; Eighth Army WD, Sec. 2, G-3 Jnl. file, 26 Nov 50, Box 1131; FEC GO No. 223, 2 Sept 51, awarding Distinguished Service Cross to Capt. Nicholas N. Gombos (F Co., 38th Inf.) for command competence and personal bravery, 26-27 Nov 50.
22. HQ Eighth Army, GO No. 138, 13 Mar 51, awarding Distinguished Service Cross to Cpl. James L. Brown, then private first class, E Co., 9th Inf.
23. HQ Eighth Army, GO No. 631, 11 Aug. 51, awarding Distinguished Service Cross to 2nd Lt. Robert Gallardo, E Co., 9th Inf.
24. HQ Eighth Army, GO No. 139, 13 Mar 51, awarding Distinguished Service Cross to Pfc. Andrew J. Gasquct, Jr., G Co., 9th Inf., for action 26 Nov 50.
25. 2nd Inf. Div. WD, 1-30 Nov 50, Narr. Summ.; New York Herald Tribune, 28 Nov 50, p. 1, cols. 6 and 8; IX Corps WD, Vol. 4, G-3 Spot Rpts., 27 Nov 50, Box 1770; IX Corps WD, POR No. 186, Box 1769. This last source stated that the 2nd Bn., 9th Inf., occupied Hill 148 on the cast side of the Chongchon after it crossed. Sec also Eighth Army WD, Sec. 2, G-3 Jnl., 27 Nov 50; 9th Inf. Rcgt. Comd. Rpt., Narr. Hist., 26-27 Nov 50, Box 2471; 23rd Inf. Comd. Rpt., 27 Nov
50, Box 2472; IX Corps WD, PORs No. 186 and 188, 26 and 27 Nov 50; HQ IX Corps, Intelligence Bulletin No. 1, 18 Dec 50, "CCF Activities on U.S. IX Corps Front," p. 3.
26. 1st Cav. Div. WD, 26 Nov 50; ATIS Interrogation Rpts. (Enemy Forces), Issue 23, No. 2791, 3 Jan 51, p. 161; IX Corps WD, Vol. 3, 26 Nov 50, Box 1769; Eighth Army PIR No. 137, 26 Nov 50 gives an incomplete count of CCF prisoners captured on 26 Nov 50, Box 1131.
27. HQ, Eighth Army, GO No. 330, 23 May 51, awarding Distinguished Service Cross to Capt. Emerson, COG Co., 23rd Inf.; 23rd Inf. Comd. Rpt., 26 Nov 50, Box 2472; IX Corps WD, POR No. 186, 26 Nov 50, Box 1769.
28. DA, GO No. 39, 4 June 51, awarding the Medal of Honor to Sgt. John A. Pittman (also in Medal of Honor Awards, 1863-1963, 88th Cong., 2nd scss. [Washington: D.C.: GPO, 1964]), p. 285.
29. 23rd Inf. Comd. Rpt., 27 Nov 50.
30. Pcploc, MS.
31. 2nd Inf. Div. WD, G-2 Sec., 6 Dec 50, Box 2439. This information is contained in a G-2 document, as delayed, dated 26 Nov 50, and inserted in the G-2 material for 6Dec50.
32. 38th Inf. S-4 Jnl., 26-27 Nov 50, Box 2473; 2nd Inf. Div. Ord. Sec. Rpt., Box 2435.
33. 38th Inf. Comd. Rpt., Summ., 26 Nov 50, Box 2473; 2nd Div. WD, 1-30 Nov (26-27), Narr. Summ., pp. 31-32; IX Corps WD, Vol. 4, G-3 Spot Rpts., 26 Nov 50, Box 2473; IX Corps WD, PIRNo. 62, 27 Nov 50, Box 1769; Marshall, River and Gauntkt, 171-73.
34. HQ Eighth Army GO No. 329, 23 May 51, awarding the Distinguished Service Cross, Posthumously, to Cpl. Robert K. Imrie, F Co., 38th Inf.; Peploc, MS.
35. Pcploc, MS; 38th Inf. Rcgt. Comd. Rpt., Summ., 27 Nov 50, Box 2473.
36. 2nd Inf. Div. WD, Summa, 27 Nov 50, Box 2435; IX Corps WD, PORs No. 189 and 190, 27 Nov 50, Box 1769; 38th Inf. Regt. Comd. Rpt., Summ., 27 Nov 50; Marshall, Rim and Gauntlet, pp. 177-80; Peploe, MS.
Chapter 11
1. 38th Inf. Comd. Rpt. Summ., 27 Nov 50; IX Corps WD, Vol. 4, G-3 Spot Rpts., 27 Nov 50; Eighth Army WD, Sec. 1 and Sec. 2, 27 Nov 50, Box 1131; Peploe (then chief of staff, IX Corps), interview with author, 12 Aug 51.
2. Lt. Col. Edgar Bell, letter to Maj. Gen. E. F. Bullene, chief chemical officer, US Army, 16 Dec 50, in Capt. John G. Westover, Combat Support in Kona (Washington, D.C.: Combat Forces Press, 1955), pp. 78-79; IX Corps WD, PIR No. 63, 28 Nov 50.