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INDEX
A note about the index: The pages referenced in this index refer to the page numbers in the print edition. Clicking on a page number will take you to the ebook location that corresponds to the beginning of that page in the print edition. For a comprehensive list of locations of any word or phrase, use your reading system’s search function.
Page numbers beginning with 367 refer to endnotes.
Abdalla, Sandra, 337
“A Carmela, la Peruana” (García Lorca), 108
Acosta, José de, 294–95
Acuña de Chaupe, Máxima, 123–25, 132
Adams, John, 190–91
Aesop, 145–46, 201, 321, 401
Afghanistan War, 215
Afonso V, king of Portugal, 43–44, 377
Africa, 43–44, 46, 50, 51, 54, 93, 141, 181, 182, 216, 286–87, 323, 331, 386
see also Angola civil war
Age of Discovery, (1450–1550), 48
Aguilar, Gerónimo de, 61, 298
Aguirre, Lope de “El Loco,” 401
Aguirre, Manuel Agustín, 294
Ahuitzotl, Aztec emperor, 28, 143
Ai Apaec “the Decapitator,” 105–7, 143, 315
AIDS, 112
Albó, Xavier, 312, 317, 320, 322
background and early years of, 251–54, 271, 292
Latin American missionary commitment of, 254–55, 267–71, 275, 290–96, 310–12, 316–17, 320–23, 325–28, 331, 338–39, 343, 346, 347, 348–50, 359, 360–61
Lucho and, 327–38
alcohol, 127, 155, 161, 162, 359
Alexander, Pope, 49, 50, 58, 378
Alexander VI, Pope, 280, 305, 318, 335
Alexander the Great, 72
Allende, Salvador, 119, 188, 228, 244, 328
Almagro, Diego, 76–82, 92, 301
Almaraz Paz, Sergio, 130
Alvarado, Pedro de, 14, 68, 73
Alves, Rubem, 320
Amadís of Gaul, 62
Amazon jungle, 18, 73, 85, 110, 116–17, 121, 176, 273, 295, 391
American Revolution, 102, 167, 170, 214, 230, 314, 415
Americo Boavida Hospital, 187
Amnesty International, 124
Anaconda Copper, 119
Ananea, Mount, 1, 15–18, 37, 59–60, 107, 110–11, 127, 131, 359
see also La Rinconada; Sleeping Beauty
Ancón, Peru, 274
Andagoya, Pascual de, 74–75, 77
Andes, 75, 95, 144, 171, 223, 225–32, 235, 248, 268, 274, 312, 345
indigenous people of, 22, 155, 225–26, 261–62, 265, 292
mining in, 1–4, 15–23, 45, 106–8, 110, 124; see also specific mining sites
Anglo-Peruvian Rubber Company, 392
Angola civil war, 137, 181–87, 190, 205, 207, 237–38, 355
Angry Brigade, 223
animal sacrifice, 35, 107
animal worship, 263, 265
apu, 4, 15, 18, 273, 431
Arab-Israeli conflict, 323
Aragon, 40, 42, 271, 301
Arana, Julio César, 393
Arana, Pedro Pablo, 389
Arana Cisneros, M. Isabel (Tía Chaba), vii, 363,
Araucanian people, 308
Arawak people, 51, 138, 144
Árbenz, Jacobo, 218, 392
Arenas, Pedro de, 297
Arequipa, 112, 226–27, 273
Arévalo, Juan José, 217–18
Argentina, 2, 116, 132, 171, 175–77, 181, 189, 192–93, 203, 209, 211–15, 225, 242, 243, 244, 251–54, 265, 267–68, 270, 295, 353
Arimao River, 285
Aristotle, 288
Army, U.S., School of the Americas, 213
Army to Defend the National Sovereignty, 197
arquebus, 82
Arriaga, Antonio de, 156
Arzans de Orsúa y Vela, Bartolomé, 15
Asia, mineral wealth, 97, 120
assassination, 198, 202–4, 214, 217, 219, 221, 242, 245, 286, 323, 334, 343, 345, 351–52, 358, 435
Atahualpa, 32, 35–36, 85, 153
death of, 92, 114, 152
Pizarro and, 73, 85–92, 114, 122, 297, 301
ransom offer of, 91–92, 114, 122
Spaniards underestimated and misunderstood by, 88–92
atheism, 32, 268, 317, 322, 330, 442
atrocities, 42, 45, 51–52, 54–55, 87, 88–92, 115, 139, 141, 152–54, 157–58, 164, 166, 176–77, 183, 200, 201–3, 212–13, 214, 216–20, 225, 230–32, 244, 245, 247–48, 277, 284–86, 300, 307, 309, 328, 338, 339–41, 343
see also specific events
Augustinian order, 302–3, 306
Australia, 113, 120
Ayacucho, 225–27, 229
Aymara people, 155–56, 232, 262, 264, 309, 319, 327, 328, 347, 348, 349, 360
Aztec civilization, 2, 5, 24, 79, 103, 106, 143–44, 276–77, 381–82
binary world-view of, 18
commonalities between Inca and, 25–26, 30–31, 85, 265–67
religion of, 4, 255–58, 265, 271–73, 276–79
stone calendar of, 257
use of precious metals by, 2, 25–26
violence in, 142–43, 271–73
Aztec Empire, 61–63, 149, 192
Cortés’s conquest of, 14, 31, 60–71, 73–74, 84, 279, 300, 362
extent and power of, 26–30
population of, 372
see also Montezuma II
Bachué, 151
Bahamas, 47, 144, 151
Balboa, Vasco Nuñez de, 53, 56–57, 73, 74, 76, 147, 222, 282, 300
Baldwin, James, 361–62
bandeirantes (Portuguese paramilitaries), 293
Banzer, Hugo, 328
Barcelona, 251–53, 292
Baring Brothers & Co., 177
barreteros (prospectors), 46
barriadas (slums), violence in, 245–46
Barrick Gold Corporation, 121
Barry, Marion, 234
Batista, Fulgencio, 159–61, 179, 244, 322
Belaúnde Terry, Fernando, 228–29
Belli, Gioconda, 196
Bello, Andrés, 165
Ben Ben, General (Arlindo Pena), 181, 470
Benedict XVI, Pope (formerly Joseph Ratzinger), 325, 329–30
Bergoglio, Jorge Mario, 267, 332
Bernstein, Peter L., 121
Betanzos, Juan de, 375
Biological Psychiatry, 251
Black Death, 66, 382
“Black Legend,” 287, 313, 429, 432
Boas, Franz, 258
Boff, Leonardo, 325–26
Bogotá, 39, 144, 158, 201, 203–4, 223, 297, 352
Bogotazo, El, 203–4, 223
Bolívar, Juan Vicente, 167
Bolívar, Simón, 45, 129, 163, 170–71, 240–41, 357
army of, 169–71
background and radicalization of, 167–68, 170
emancipation as goal of, 168–71
liberation campaign of, 6, 16, 99, 129, 148, 166–72, 177, 200–201, 305
revolutionary philosophy and strategy of, 1
68–71
in turn to dictatorship, 177–78, 192, 244, 360
Bolivia, 16, 109, 171, 175, 181, 189, 193, 213, 230, 254, 264, 265, 268–69, 270, 293, 327, 347, 349, 350
first Aymara president of, 328
founding of, 15–16
indigenous rebellion in, 155–56
map, xiii
religious concave in, 319
silver mining in, 11–17
Xavier’s mission in, 254, 255, 267–71, 290–93, 310–12, 317, 320, 348, 360
bombings, 218, 221, 224, 230, 232, 253
Born, Jorge and Juan, 212
“born dead,” 246
Borrados, los (Jews; erased ones), 316
Boves, José Tomás, 171
Braganza family, 164
Brazil, 75, 93, 99, 102, 104, 110, 115, 116, 120, 132, 141, 164, 174, 175–77, 181, 189, 194, 213, 230, 239, 243, 244, 246, 270, 286, 311, 320, 325–26, 337, 339, 343, 347
Benedict XVI’s Papal visit to, 329–30, 331–33
bribes, bribery, 243, 289–90, 347, 446
Brief History of the Destruction of the Indies (Las Casas), 287
Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao, The (J. Díaz), 198
brigadistas (militants), 340
Britain, 22, 96, 100, 164, 167, 169, 171, 195, 197, 223, 241, 260, 264, 286, 290, 347, 432
colonization of North America by, 128, 308
economic ascendancy of, 95, 97, 103–4
Latin American commercial interests of, 16, 115, 118, 120, 175–77, 197
Spanish conflicts with, 12, 97, 163–65, 287
Buenos Aires, 75, 214, 241, 251, 261, 267–68, 270
Buergos, Carlos, violent trajectory of, 135–37, 138, 159–62, 181–90, 205–8, 222, 232–38, 248, 355, 359–61
Burnier, João Bosco, 339–40
Cabeza de Vaca, Álvar Núñez, 147, 274, 362, 402
Cabral, Pedro Álvarez, 141
cachorreo (miner’s payment system), 17, 46, 112, 125
caciques (tribal leaders), 62, 64
Caesar, Julius, 72
Cajamarca, 86–92, 121–24, 130, 300
Calderón, Felipe, 245
calendars, indigenous, 257, 261, 264
Cali, Colombia, 75, 225, 241
Cambodia, 229
Campbell, Joseph, 265
Canada, 1, 120–21
Canary Islands, 43, 44, 115
Cañas, Vicente, 339
Candía, Pedro de, 34, 88
cannibalism, 32, 61, 77, 139, 221, 271, 273–75, 288
Canning, George, 16
“Cantares Mexicanos,” 255