Ancient Iraq
Page 57
Kurash II, see also Cyrus
Kurdistan culture, 32, 33, 35, 39, 42
geography, 7, 16, 36, 313
history, 79, 156, 158, 161, 169, 193, 283, 320
Kurigalzu I, 249
Kurigalzu II, 257, 260, 262
Kussara, 233, 245
Kut-el-Imara, 6
Kutha, 298, 400
Kutir-nahhunte, 265
Kutmuhu, 288
Kuturnahhunte I, 243
Kuwait, 15, 104
Kuyunjik, 323, 355, 358, see also Nineveh
Labarnas I, 245
Labarnas II, 245
Labâshi-Marduk, 381
Lachish, 353
Lagash (Telloh), 81, 86, 122, 130, 131, 137 – 8, 140 – 41, 142, 143, 152, 165, 166, 338
Lahamu*, 96
Lahm, Tell (Dûr-Ikîn), 314
Lahmu, 96
Lamgi-Mari, 142
Larak, 109, 131
Larnaka, 315
Larsa archaeology and culture, 31, 60, 208, 209, 222, 248, 383
geography, 6, 131
history, 179, 181 – 5, 186 – 7, 219
Lebanon, 78, 147, 237 – 8, 255, 267, 269, 270, 346
Lebanon, Mt, 13, 153 – 4, 238, 380
Leilan, Tell, 14, 190
Lipit-Ishtar, 182, 183, 202
Litaû, 281
Lugal-anne-mundu, 143
Lugal-kinishe-dudu, 143
Lugalbanda, 116, 156
Lugalzagesi, 144 – 5, 146, 152, 165
Luh, Tell, 122
Lulê, 320
Lullubi, 156, 157, 158, 160, 161, 169, 193, 247, 262
Luristan (Deh Luran), 42
Luwians, 231, 232, 245, 271
Lydia, 319, 331, 332, 333, 335, 380, 385, 403
Lysimachus, 413
Macedonia, 225, 276, 412 – 13, 414, 420
Madaktu, 335
Ma'dan, 11 – 12
Madhhur, Tell, 63
Madyes, 332, 373
Magan, 13, 15, 157, 167, see also Oman
Maghzaliyeh, 45
Malatiya, 272, see also Milid
Malazgird, 279
Malgum, 197
Malta, 271
Maltai, 324
Mami* (Nintu), 113, see also Ninhursag
Mandali, 54, 61
Mandannu, 157
Manishtusu, 155, 156, 158, 265
Mannaeans (Mannai), 303, 304, 312 – 13, 319, 327, 332, 335
Marash (Marqasi), 272
Mardik, Tell, 124
Marduk* legend, 88, 94, 95, 97 – 8, 101, 246, 265, 278, 281, 325 – 6, 384
worship, 99, 195, 202, 203, 248, 251, 298, 382, 387, 391, 395 – 400 passim, 412
Marduk-apal-iddina (Merodach-Baladan), 311–12, 314, 321, 322
Marduk-nadin-ahhê, 279
Marduk-zakir-shumi, 298
Mari archaeology, 30, 124, 125, 134, 191, 196, 208 – 9, 238
culture, 78, 81, 90, 127, 192, 214 – 20, 234, 370
geography, 5, 14, 199
history, 140, 142 – 3, 144, 153 – 4, 157, 170, 188 – 94, 198, 200, 274, 416
Marqasi (Marash), 272
MAR. TU, 116, 175 – 8, 182
Maruttash* (Marut), 247
Mashu mountain, 120
Matarrah, 50, 53
Mati‘-ilu, 304, 308
Mattiwaza, 235, 260
Mebaragesi, 123, 139 – 40
Medes culture, 159, 277, 296, 336, 347, 411
history, 159, 266, 268, 282, 302, 303, 314, 318 – 19, 327, 332, 372 – 7 passim, 380, 383, 384
Megabysus, 408
Megiddo, 50, 353
Meluhha, 13, 15, 89, 160, 167, see also Indus river
Memphis, 237, 328, 330
Menahem, 308
Mernephtah, 268
Merodach-Baladan, see Marduk-apal-iddina
Mersin, 50, 230
Mesalim, 140, 141
Mesannapadda, 123, 140
Meskalamdug, 135, 136, 137, 140
Meskene, 14, see also Emar
Meskiaggasher, 116
Meskiagnunna, 140
Midas (Mitâ), 314
Milid (Malatiya), 272, 304, 314
Minoans, 228 – 9, 238 – 9
Mitannians, 225, 235, 253, 254 – 8, 259, 260, 272, 368
Mithra*, 420, see also Mitrasil
Mithridates I, 418
Mithridates II, 421
Mitrasil*, 235, see also Mithra
Mlefaat, 41
Moab, 268, 309, 312
Mohenjo-Daro, 160, 229
Moses, 152, 265, 268
Moslems, 148, 396, 421
Mosul, 49, 125, 305
Mulisu, 340 – 41
Mummu*, 96
Mureybet, Tell, 41 – 2, 44, 46
Mursilis I, 245 – 6, 254
Mursilis II, 261
Musasir, 314
Mushezib-Marduk, 322
Mushki, 278 – 9, 288, 314, see also Phrygians
Musri, 279
Musru, see Egypt
Muwatallis, 261
Myceneans, 228 – 9, 266, 270, 427
Nabateans, 148, 334
Nablânum, 177
Nabonassar, see Nabû-nâsir
Nabonidus (Nabû-na'id), 381 – 7, 402
Nabopolassar (Nabû-apla-usûr), 374, 375 – 7, 378, 394, 402
Nabu*, 281, 315, 359, 396, 399 – 400, 421
Nabû-apal-iddina, 298
Nabû-apla-usur, see Nabopolassar
Nabû-balatsu-iqbi, 381
Nabû-kudurri-usur, see Nebuchadrezzar
Nabû-mukin-apli, 281
Naub-na‘id (Nabonidus), 381
Nabû-nâsir, 25, 308, 310, 365
Nabû-rimâni, 365, 412
Nabû-shuma-ukin, 283
Nagar, 190
Naharim, 235
Nairi, 279
Nammu*, 94
Nanna*, 87, 131, 153, 178, 182, see also Sin*
Nanshe*, 144, 166 – 7
Naplànum, 181 – 2
Naqadah, 78
Naqi'a-Zakûtu, 301, 325, 329
Narâm-m-Sin, 154, 156 – 8, 159, 169, 170, 187, 190, 193, 265, 351, 356
Nasattyana* (Nasatyas), 235
Nasriyah, 6, 122
Nebi Mend, Tell, 258, see also Qadesh
Nebi Yunus, 323
Nebuchadrezzar I, 277 – 8, 282
Nebuchadrezzar II, 281, 372, 376, 377 – 81, 382, 390, 394, 395, 402
Nebuchadrezzar III, IV, 407 – 8
Necho I, 330, 331, 332
Necho II, 377
Negeb, 238
Neirab, 239
Neo-Hittites, see Hittites
Nergal*, 87, 101, 420
Nergal-eresh, 24
Nergal-ilia, 24
Neriglisaros (Nergal-shar-usur), 381
Nesa (Nesha), 232, 233
Nesites, 232 – 3
Nibarti-Ashur, 290
Nidaba*, 144
Nidintu-Bêl, 407
Nile river and delta, 4, 6 – 7, 238, 240, 254, 268, 312, 328, 330 – 31, 332
Nimrud, see also Kalhu archaeology, 21, 30, 31, 287, 288, 291 – 4, 329, 340, 356
culture, 348, 352 – 3, 354, 356
geography and history, 5, 291, 376, 410,416
Nina, 131
Ninbanda, 136
Nineveh archaeology, 30, 31, 50, 54, 55, 154, 287, 311, 337, 348, 355 – 6, 358
culture, 57, 79, 86, 111, 128, 301, 322, 323, 335, 357
geography, 5, 14
history, 3, 27, 79, 190, 299, 372, 373, 375, 376, 410, 416
Ningal*, 164
Ningirsu*, 86, 131, 138, 140, 142, 166 – 7, 338
Ningishzida*, 106
Ninhursag* (Ninmah; Nintu), 91, 104, 123
Nini-zaza*, 127
Ninlil*, 249, 341
Ninsun*, 116
Nintu* (Mami), 113, see also Ninhursag
Ninua, see Nineveh
Ninurta*, 87, 249, 295
Ninus, 301
Nippur archaeology, 21, 30, 31, 163, 182, 2
09, 360, 419
culture, 86, 88, 93, 111, 128, 169, 171, 202, 248, 358, 397
geography, 6, 131, 274
history, 3, 139, 140, 143, 159, 161, 177, 374, 410, 416
Nisaba*, 166, 359
Nisibin, 280, 415
Nisir, Mt, 110
Nubia, 312
Nuhashshe, 258
Nûr-Adad, 183 – 4
Nuzi, 30, 235, 236, 256, 419
Oman, 13, 15, 78, 148, 155, 156, 160, see also Magan
Opis, 387, see also Upâ
Orodes, 421
Orontes river and valley, 14, 175, 297, 414
Osrhoene, 419
Oueili, Tell el-', 60
Pakistan, 15
Palaites, 232 – 3
Palegawra, 33, 38
Palestine archaeology and culture, 14, 46, 48, 50, 78, 353
geography, 148, 266
history, 150, 237 – 40, 255, 256, 258, 261, 268 – 9, 309, 310 – 11, 312, 318, 320, 375, 377 – 8, 403
Palmyra, 14, 175, 420, see also Tidmur
Paratarna, 255 – 6
Parthians, 266, 385, 414, 416, 418 – 22
Parysatis, 301
Pasag*, 99
Pasargadae, 383
Peleset, see Philistines
Pelusium, 320 – 21, 378
Peoples of the Sea, 266, 267, 269, 271
Perdiccas, 413
Persepolis, 27, 29, 249
Persians culture, 77, 156, 226, 296, 409, 410, 411, 428
history, 159, 266, 268, 277, 282, 302, 303, 336, 374, 383 – 8, 391, 406 – 7, 421, 423
Persian Gulf geography, 4, 15, 34, 36, 95, 262, 274, 298, 415
trade and settlement, 42, 65, 80, 130, 155, 160, 242
Pharaohs, 237 – 8, 239, 240, 254 – 9, 268, 312, 414
Philip Arrhideus, 413
Philistines, 265, 266, 267, 268, 302, 309, 333, 378
Phoenicia culture, 13, 271, 276, 287, 322, 346, 353 – 4
history, 148, 267, 269 – 70, 302, 308, 320, 326, 331, 333, 336, 374 – 5, 377 – 8, 403, 414
Phraortes (6th C. B.C.), 407
Phraortes (7th C. B.C.), 372 – 3
Phrygia, 266, 271, 279, 282, 288, 314, 319, 326, 413
Pir Hussain, 157
Pirindu, 381
Pitkhanas, 233
Polatli, 230
Pontic mountains, 319
Psammetichus I (Psamtik), 332, 335, 373
Psammetichus II, 379.
Ptolemy, 25, 413
Puabi (Shubad), 136, 137
Pulû, 310
Puqudû, 281
Puzur-Ashur I, 188
Puzur-Ashur III, 248, 254
Puzur-Inshushinak, 157 – 8, 169
Pythagoras, 427
Qabra, 194
Qadesh, 258, 261, 263
Qadissiyah (Haditha), 31
Qal‘at Hajji Muhammad, see Hajji Muhammad
Qal'at Sherqat, 125, see also Assur
Qalinj Agha, Tell, 70
Qarqar, 297, 312, 348
Qatar, 15
Qatna, 193, 238, 239, 256, 258
Qedar, 334, 379
Quê, 314
Qummani, 279
Qurdi-Nergal, 356, see also Sin
Qurnah, 5
Raiat, 14
Ramâdi, 12
Ramesses II, 261, 268
Ramesses III, 266
Rania, 45
Rapihu (Tell Rifah), 328
Rapiqum, 186, 197, 274
Ras el ‘Amiya 60
Ras el'Ain, 55
Ras-Shamra, 53, 65, see also Ugarit
Ras-Shamra, see also Ugarit
Rasunu (Rezin), 308
Red Sea, 34, 269
Rifa'at, Tell, see Arpad
Rifah, Tell (Rapihu), 328
Rimah, Tell al-, 31, 208
Rim-Sin of Elam, 243
Rim-Sin of Larsa, 185, 197, 199 – 200
Rimush, 155, 158
Romans, 414, 421
Rowanduz, 14, 37, 39
Ruâd, 269, see also Arvad
Rusahina, 304
Rusas I, 313, 314
Rusas II, 327
Russia, 226, 229, 303, 304, 319, 326
Sabakhs, 312
Sabu, 24
Sais, 330
Sakje-Gözü, 50, 272
Salahiyeh, 415
Sam‘al, 272, 275, 276, see also Ya'diya; Zenjirli
Samaria, 269, 310, 353, 375
Samarra, 48, 53 – 5, 57, 61, 83
Sammuramat (Semiramis), 301 – 2
Samsat, 308
Samsi-Addu, see Shamsi-Adad
Samsu-ditana, 244, 246
Samsu-iluna, 24, 243 – 4
Sanir, Mt, 297, see also Hermon, Mt
Sar-i-Pul, 157
Sardur II, 304
Sardur III, 308
Sargon I of Assyria, 231
Sargon II of Assyria, 310 – 17, 319, 340, 345
Sargon of Akkad, 122, 145, 146, 151 – 5, 157, 160, 187
Sarpanitum*, 246, 248, 396, 398
Sassanians, 418, 421 – 2, 423
Saudi Arabia, 15
Saul, 268, 274 – 5
Sawwan, Tell es-, 31, 53 – 4, 61, 62, 127, 425
Scythians, 326 – 7, 332, 336, 373, 374
Sea-Land, 243, 253, 322, 374
Seleucia, 31, 363, 415, 416, 417, 418 – 19, 424
Seleucus I, 413 – 14
Seleucus III, 416
Sellush-Dagan, 171, see also Drehem
Semiramis (Sammuramat), 301 – 2
Semites culture, 68, 85, 87, 107, 124 – 5, 150 – 51, 159, 182, 186, 237, 420, 426
history, 78, 80, 81, 114, 139, 144 – 50, 153, 179, 180, 188, 238, 267
Sennacherib, 301, 318, 319 – 24, 325, 328, 340, 345, 355, 394
Septimus Severus, 418, 421
Seti I, 261
Shaduppum, 186, see also Harmal
Shalmaneser I, 263, 274, 291
Shalmaneser III, 295 – 9, 300, 348
Shalmaneser IV, 302, 304
Shalmaneser V, 310, 311, 340
Shamash*, 88, 115, 118, 189, 203, 250, 281, 420, see also Utu
Shamash-eriba, 408
Shamash-mudammiq, 283
Shamash-shum-ukîn, 329, 333 – 4, 343
Shamiya*, 420