New Critical Approaches to the Short Stories of Ernest Hemingway

by Jackson J Benson

  Widmayer, Jayne A. “Hemingway’s Hemingway Parodies: The Hypocritical Griffon and the Dumb Ox.” Studies in Short Fiction 18 (1981): 433–38. [38, 44]

  Wilkinson. In Our Time. Pp. 12, 33–34, 87.

  Wilkinson. Men Without Women. P. 87.

  Williams. In Our Time. Pp. 10, 31–32, 33–34, 35, 52, 89, 90, 93, 97, 143, 192, 229.

  Williams. Men Without Women. Pp. 11, 89–97.

  Williams. The Nick Adams Stories. Pp. 90, 100, 105–6.

  Williams. Winner Take Nothing. Pp. 11, 89, 90, 97–106.

  Wilson, Edmund. Introduction. In Our Time. By Ernest Hemingway. Volume 1. Scribner, 1925. (Reprinted in Lyle, Guy R., ed. Praise From Famous Men: An Anthology of Introductions. Metuchen, N.J.: Scarecrow, 1977: 169–74.)

  Wilson, Mark. “Ernest Hemingway as Funnyman.” Thalia: Studies in Literary Humor 3 (1980): 29–34.

  Winchell, Mark Royden. “Fishing the Swamp: ‘Big Two-Hearted River’ and the Unity of In Our Time.” South Carolina Review 18 (Spring 1986): 18–29.

  Winn, Harlan Harbour, III. “Short Story Cycles of Hemingway, Steinbeck, Faulkner, and O’Connor. DAI 36 (1976): 4500A (University of Oregon). [In Our Time].

  Winn, Harbour. “Hemingway’s African Stories and Tolstoy’s ‘Illich.’” Studies in Short Fiction 18 (1981): 451–53. [86, 88]

  Wyatt, David M. “Hemingway’s Uncanny Beginnings.” Georgia Review 31 (1977): 476–501. (Reprinted in Prodigal Sons: A Study in Authorship and Authority. Baltimore: John Hopkins University Press, 1980: 52–71.) [In Our Time, 6, 25, 52, 106]

  Young, Philip. “Hemingway Papers, Occasional Thoughts.” College Literature 7 (1980): 310– 18. (Reprinted in Oldsey, Bernard, ed. Ernest Hemingway: The Papers of a Writer. New York: Garland, 1981:139–47.) [Brief mention of The Nick Adams Stories, 6, 27, 29, 36, 90, 92]

  Young, Philip. “Hemingway: The Writer in Decline.” Hemingway: A Revaluation. Ed. Donald R. Noble. Troy, N.Y.: Whitson, 1983: 225–39. [6, 39, 52, 59, 90]

  Young, Robert D. “Hemingway’s Suicide in His Works.” Hemingway Review 4, no. 2 (Spring 1985): 24–30. [6, 27]

  Zapf, Hubert. “Reflections vs. Daydream: Two Types of Implied Reader in Hemingway’s Fiction.” College Literature 15, no. 3 (1988): 290–307. [6, 86, 88]

  III Criticism, Explication, and Commentary on Individual Stories, Listed by Story—Including Specific Articles, Segments from Books on Hemingway’s Work, and Segments from General Books

  Note: Each title for an item of short fiction in the list below is followed by parentheses containing the following information:

  (date of composition / date of first publication / place of first publication / abbreviations of Hemingway story collections in which the item has been reprinted).

  The Hemingway story collections have been abbreviated as follows:

  TSTP Three Stories and Ten Poems (1923)

  iot in our time (1924)

  IOT In Our Time (1925)

  MWW Men Without Women (1927)

  WTN Winner Take Nothing (1933)

  CS (Collected Stories) The Fifth Column and the First Forty-nine Stories (1938); The Short Stories of Ernest Hemingway (1954)

  FUS The Fifth Column and Four Unpublished Stories of the Spanish Civil War (1969)

  NA The Nick Adams Stories (1972) [Preface by Philip Young

  EHA Ernest Hemingway’s Apprenticeship: Oak Park, 1916–1917 (1971)

  FV Finca Vigía edition of The Complete Short Stories of Ernest Hemingway (1987)

  This section is divided into three parts: (A) an alphabetical listing of stories published in Hemingway’s lifetime, (B) an alphabetical listing of posthumously published apprenticeship fiction, fragments, parts of longer manuscripts published as short stories, and (C) a tentative list of unpublished sketches and stories. Since in the first volume of this series, parts A and B were listed together by number, the numbers in this new divided list are not sequential, although the story titles are, in each part, listed alphabetically. In part C, a tentative list of unpublished sketches and stories, the numbers given are the Kennedy Library item numbers.

  Items listed under a story title which consist of last names followed by page numbers refer to books solely devoted to a discussion of Hemingway’s works. Complete publication information for such books is given in Section I of this checklist. The page numbers which are incorporated in these entries differ from the pages listed for particular stories in the book indexes, in that pages listed here refer to something more than mention of the story title, a brief quotation from the story without comment, or brief summary of the story’s subject or plot.

  Remember also to check for items referring to a particular story, by story number, in Section II (items referring to more than one story). If you have a particular essay in mind, but cannot find it in this section, it will probably be listed in Section II (and can be located by the name of the author or by story number). In a few instances a single story may be mentioned in an essay title while the essay in fact may deal substantially with more than one story.

  I am grateful to Paul Smith for reviewing the publication information given in the headings for each story in this section and for his help in putting together information on the unpublished materials. However, any errors in these items should be assigned to me.

  A. Published Short Stories (during Hemingway’s lifetime)

  (1) After the Storm

  (1932/May 1932/Cosmopolitan/WTN, CS, FV)

  Beegel (Craft of Omission), pp. 6–12, 69–88, 91–92.

  Busch, Frederick. “Icebergs, Islands, Ships Beneath the Sea.” A John Hawkes Symposium: Design and Debris. Eds. Anthony C. Santore and Michael Pocalyko. New York: New Directions, 1977: 50–63.

  Flora (Study of Short Fiction), p. 46.

  Fuentes, p. 133.

  Kert, p. 246.

  Nelson (H. Expressionist Artist), p. 36.

  Rao, P. G. Rama, pp. 4, 122, 133–37.

  Smith, pp. 340–45.

  Walker, Robert. “Irony and Allusion in Hemingway’s ‘After the Storm.’” Studies in Short Fiction 13 (1976): 374–76.

  Williams, pp. 97—98, 120.

  (2) An Alpine Idyll

  (1926/September 1927/American Caravan [anthology]/ MWW, CS, NA, FV)

  Armistead, Myra. “Hemingway’s ‘An Alpine Idyll.’” Studies in Short Fiction 14 (1977): 255–58.

  Brenner, p. 20.

  Dahiya, p. 43.

  Donaldson, p. 284.

  Flora (Nick Adams), pp. 198–216.

  Gajdusek, Robert E. “‘An Alpine Idyll’: The Sunstruck Mountain Vision and the Necessary Valley Journey.” Hemingway’s Neglected Short Fiction. Ed. Susan F. Beegel. Ann Arbor: UMI Research Press, 1989: 163–84.

  Grimes, pp. 71, 73–74.

  Nelson (H. Expressionist Artist), p. 30.

  Oinas, Felix J. “The Transformation of Folklore into Literature.” American Contributions to the Eighth International Congress of Slavists, Zagreb and Ljubljana, Sept. 3–9, 1978. Ed. Victor Terras. 2 vols. Columbus: Slavica, 1978. 1: 570–603.

  Putnam, Ann. “Dissemblings and Disclosure in Hemingway’s ‘An Alpine Idyll.’” Hemingway Review 6, no. 2 (Spring 1987): 27–33.

  Rovit and Brenner, pp. 66, 67.

  Smith, pp. 132–37.

  Svobada, p. 17.

  Tavernier-Courbin, Jacqueline. “Ernest Hemingway and Ezra Pound.” Ernest Hemingway: The Writer in Context. Ed. James Nagel. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1984: 179–200.

  Unfried, pp. 41–42.

  Wagner (Inventors/Masters), p. 67.

  Williams, pp. 95–96.

  (4) Banal Story

  (1925/Spring–Summer 1926/Little Review/MWW, CS, FV)

  Brenner, p. 22.

  Kvam, Wayne. “Hemingway’s ‘Banal Story.’” Fitzgerald-Hemingway Annual (1974): 181–91.

  Monteiro, George. “The Writer on Vocation: Hemingway’s ‘Banal Story’” Hemingway’s Neglected Short Fiction. Ed. Susan F. Beegel. Ann Arbor: UMI Research Press, 1989: 141–48
.

  Nelson (H. Expressionist Artist), p. 36.

  Rao, P. G. Rama, p. 123.

  Reynolds (The Paris Years), pp. 266–67, 294.

  Smith, pp. 110–14.

  Williams, pp. 93–94.

  Yannella, Philip R. “Notes on the Manuscript, Date, and Sources of Hemingway’s ‘Banal Story.’” Fitzgerald-Hemingway Annual (1974): 175–79.

  (5) The Battler

  (1925/October 5, 1925/In Our Time/ CS, NA, FV)

  Baker, pp. 5n, 11n, 24, 35–36.

  Bakker, pp. 4, 5–6.

  Brenner, pp. 18, 20.

  Capellan, pp. 79, 216.

  Cappel, pp. 89–91, 168.

  Cooper, p. 22.

  Dahiya, pp. 21, 22, 41, 42, 43.

  Donaldson, p. 136.

  Dyer, Joyce. “Hemingway’s Use of the Pejorative Term ‘Nigger’ in ‘The Battler.’” Notes on Contemporary Literature 16, no. 5 (November 1986): 5–10.

  Fitts, Bill D. “‘The Battler’: Lexical Foregrounding in Hemingway.” Language and Literature 7 (1982): 81–92.

  Flora (Nick Adams), pp. 20, 83–109, 115, 148, 157, 161, 162, 210, 256.

  Gaggin, pp. 25, 96.

  Grimes, pp. 42, 60.

  Kobler, pp. 101–2, 118.

  Krigel, Leonard. “Hemingway’s Rites of Manhood.” Partisan Review 44 (1977): 415–30.

  Lynn, pp. 271–72, 551, 582.

  Monteiro, George. “Dating the Events of the ‘Three-Day Blow.’” Fitzgerald-Hemingway Annual (1977): 207–10. (Reprinted in Michael S. Reynolds, ed. Critical Essays on Ernest Hemingway’s “In Our Time.” Boston: Hall, 1983: 172–75.)

  Monteiro, George. “This is My Pal Bugs’: Ernest Hemingway’s ‘The Battler.’” Studies in Short Fiction 23 (Summer 1986): 324–26.

  Nakajima, Kenji. “Nick as ‘The Battler.’” Kyushu American Literature 19 (1978): 45–48.

  Nelson (H. Expressionist Artist), pp. 56–57.

  Phillips, pp. 79–84.

  Rao, E. Nageswara, pp. 68–69.

  Rao, P. G. Rama, pp. 40, 44, 75, 84, 162.

  Reynolds (The Paris Years), pp. 279–80.

  Rovit and Brenner, pp. 27, 66, 79, 98.

  Singer, Glen W. “Huck, Ad, Jim, and Bugs: A Reconsideration: Huckleberry Finn and Hemingway’s ‘The Battler.’” NMAL: Notes on Modern American Literature 3 (1978): item 9.

  Smith, pp. 115–21.

  Sojka, pp. 74, 77.

  Unfried, pp. 18–20.

  Wagner (Inventors/Masters), pp. 58, 63.

  Willis, Mary Kay. “Structural Analysis of ‘The Battler.’” Linguistics in Literature 1 (1976): 61–67.

  (6) Big Two-Hearted River

  (1924/Spring 1925/This Quarter/IOT, CS, NA, FV)

  Adair, William. “Landscapes of the Mind: ‘Big Two-Hearted River.’” College Literature 4 (1977): 144–51. (Reprinted in Michael S. Reynolds, ed. Critical Essays on Ernest Hemingway’s “In Our Time.” Boston: Hall, 1983: 260–67.)

  Asselineau, Roger. The Transcendentalist Constant in American Literature. New York: New York University Press, 1980: 7, 141, 144.

  Bakker, pp. 6, 7–8, 28.

  Benoit, Raymond. “Again with Fair Creation: Holy Places in American Literature.” Prospects: An Annual Journal of American Cultural Studies 5 (1980): 315–30.

  Brenner, pp. 11, 53, 219.

  Bruccoli, pp. 26–27, 57.

  Burgess, p. 41.

  Capellan, pp. 84, 85, 214.

  Cappel, pp. 20, 141–44, 153–58, 170.

  Carabine, Keith. “‘Big Two-Hearted River’: A Reinterpretation.” Hemingway Review 1 (1982): 39–44.

  Cooley, John R. “Nick Adams and ‘The Good Place.’” Southern Humanities Review 14 (1980): 57–68.

  Cooper, pp. 24, 31–32.

  Cowley, Malcom. “Hemingway’s Wound—and Its Consequences for American Literature.” Georgia Review 38, no. 2 (Summer 1984): 223–39.

  Dahiya, pp. 20, 21.

  Donaldson, pp. 79, 176, 191, 234, 240, 245.

  Flora (Nick Adams), pp. 8, 13, 58, 69, 112, 113, 117, 122, 133, 145–85, 188, 198, 203, 212, 222, 225, 237, 239, 248, 266, 270–78.

  Flora (Study of the Short Fiction), pp. 51–60.

  Fuentes, p. 210.

  Gaggin, pp. 25–26, 65–66.

  Gibb, Robert. “He Made Him Up: ‘Big Two-Hearted River’ as Doppelganger.” Hemingway Notes 5 (1979): 20–24. (Reprinted in Michael S. Reynolds, ed. Critical Essays on Ernest Hemingway’s “In Our Time.” Boston: Hall, 1983: 254–59.)

  Giger, pp. 14, 73.

  Griffin, p. 222.

  Grimes, pp. 21, 35, 49–52, 53, 55, 59, 66–67, 72, 121–22.

  Guetti, James. Word-Music: The Aesthetic Aspect of Narrative Fiction. New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press, 1980: 12–13, 141–43.

  Gutwinski, Waldemar. “Cohesion in Hemingway.” Cohesion in Literary Texts: A Study of Some Grammatical and Lexical Features of English Discourse. The Hague: Mouton, 1976: 127–66.

  Hannum, Howard L. “Soldier’s Home: Immersion Therapy and Lyric Pattern in ‘Big Two-Hearted River.’” Hemingway Review 3, no. 2 (Spring 1984): 2–13.

  Hardy and Cull, p. 47.

  Helfand, Michael. “A Champ Can’t Retire Like Anyone Else.” Lost Generation Journal 3 (1975): 9–10.

  Iwasa, Masazumi. “Beauty and Ugliness in Hemingway.” Chu-Shikoku Studies in American Literature 13 (1977): 1–12.

  Johnston, Kenneth G. “Hemingway and Cézanne: Doing the Country.” American Literature 56, no. 1 (March 1984): 28–37.

  Kert, p. 151.

  Kobler, pp. 45–47, 60, 118–19, 143.

  Lynn, pp. 102–8, 227n.

  McLain, Richard L. “Semantics and Style—With the Example of Quintessential Hemingway.” Language and Style: An International Journal 12 (1979): 63–78. (Reprinted in Linda W. Wagner, ed. Ernest Hemingway: Six Decades of Criticism. East Lansing: Michigan State University Press, 1987: 155–62.)

  Meyers (A Biography), pp. 52, 98, 114, 145, 296, 488.

  Nakajima, Kenji. “‘Big Two-Hearted River’ as the Extreme of Hemingway’s Nihilism.” Monthly meeting, Kyushu American Literature Society. Fukuoka City, June 24, 1978. (Revised and published with the same title in Tokyo: Eichosha, 1979)

  Nelson (H. Expressionist Artist), pp. 7, 43, 58, 68.

  Phillips, p. 158.

  Raeburn, pp. 196–97.

  Rao, E. Nageswara, p. 55.

  Rao, P. G. Rama, pp. 40, 45, 56, 57, 76, 94, 131, 160, 164.

  Reynolds (H’s First War), pp. 9, 172.

  Reynolds (The Paris Years), pp. 201–5, 209, 220–21, 247–48, 263, 292.

  Reynolds (Young H), pp. 40–41.

  Rovit and Brenner, pp. 9, 63, 64–67, 98.

  Schnitzer, Deborah. The Pictorial in Modernist Fiction: From Stephen Crane to Ernest Hemingway. Ann Arbor: UMI Research Press, 1988: 118–38.

  Smith, B. J. “‘Big Two-Hearted River’: The Artist and the Art.” Studies in Short Fiction 20 (1983): 129–32.

  Smith, pp. 85–101.

  Sojka, pp. 85–103.

  Splake, T. Kilgore. “A Northern Monument to the Young Ernest Hemingway.” Midwestern Miscellany 13 (1985): 7–9.

  Stewart, Jack F. “Christian Allusions in ‘Big Two-Hearted River.’” Studies in Short Fiction 15 (1978): 194–96.

  Svoboda, pp. 18–19, 111–12.

  Tintner, Adeline R. “Ernest and Henry: Hemingway’s Lover’s Quarrel with James.” Ernest Hemingway: The Writer in Context. Ed. James Nagel. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1984: 165–78.

  Unfried, pp. 33–36.

  Vijgen, Theo. “A Change of Point of View in Hemingway’s ‘Big Two-Hearted River.’” NMAL: Notes on Modern American Literature 6 (Spring–Summer 1982): 5–6.

  Wagner (Inventors/Masters), pp. 56–59, 60, 65.

  Weeks, Lewis E., Jr. “Two Types of Tension: Art vs. Campcraft in Hemingway’s ‘Big Two-Hearted River.’” Studies in Short Fiction 11 (1974): 433–34.

  Whitlow, p. 19.

  Wilki
nson, pp. 37, 38–39, 45–46.

  Williams, pp. 33, 37–38, 39.

  (7) The Butterfly and the Tank

  (1938/December 1938/Esquire/FUS, FV)

  Capellan, p. 249.

  Donaldson, pp. 113–14.

  Flora (Study of the Short Fiction), pp. 92–93.

  Smith, pp. 375–77.

  Wagner (Inventors/Masters), pp. 89–90.

  (8) A Canary for One

  (1926/April 1927/Scribner’s Magazine/MWW, CS, FV)

  Donaldson, pp. 151, 189.

  Donaldson, Scott. “Preparing for the End: Hemingway’s Revisions of ‘A Canary for One.’” Studies in American Fiction 6 (1978): 203–11.

  Flora (Nick Adams), pp. 200, 210, 213–14, 261.

  Flora (Short Fiction), pp. 36–39.

  Hardy and Cull, p. 34.

  Ingman, Trisha. “Symbolic Motifs in ‘A Canary for One.’” Linguistics in Literature 1 (1976): 35–41.

  Kert, pp. 183, 185.

  Lynn, p. 347.

  Martin, W. R., and Warren U. Ober. “Hemingway and James: ‘A Canary for One’ and ‘Daisy Miller.’” Studies in Short Fiction 22, no. 4 (Fall 1985): 469–71.

  Meyers (A Biography), pp. 153, 154.

  Nelson (H. Expressionist Artist), pp. 34, 45.

  Rao, P. G. Rama, p. 122.

  Reynolds (Young H), p. 201.

  Rudnick, Lois P. “Daisy Miller Revisited: Ernest Hemingway’s ‘A Canary for One.’” Massachusetts Studies in English 7 (1978): 12–19.

  Smith, pp. 159–63.

  Wagner (Inventors/Masters), p. 67.

  Williams, pp. 92–93.

  (9) The Capital of the World

  (1936/June 1936/Esquire, as “The Horns of the Bull”/CS, FV)

  Capellan, pp. 6, 21, 36, 52, 57, 126, 174.

  Cooper, Stephen. “Illusion and Reality: ‘The Capital of the World.’” Hemingway’s Neglected Short Fiction. Ed. Susan F. Beegel. Ann Arbor: UMI Research Press, 1989: 303–12.

  Dahiya, p. 10.

  Flora (Nick Adams), p. 253.

  Grebstein, Sheldon Norman. “Hemingway’s Dark and Bloody Capital.” The Thirties: Fiction, Poetry, Drama. Ed. Warren French. Revised ed. Deland, Fla.: Everett, 1975: 21–30.

  Kobler, p. 28.

  Meyers (A Biography), pp. 228, 322.

  Oldsey, Bernard. “El Pueblo Espanol: ‘The Capital of the World.’” Studies in American Fiction 13, no. 1 (Spring 1985): 103–10.

  Rao, P. G. Rama, p. 140.