New Critical Approaches to the Short Stories of Ernest Hemingway

by Jackson J Benson

  Johnston, Kenneth G. “In Defense of the Unhappy Margot Macomber.” Hemingway Review 2 (1983): 44–47. (Revised as “ ‘The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber’: Charge and Countercharge,” and reprinted in The Tip of the Iceberg: Hemingway and the Short Story. Greenwood, Fla.: Penkevill, 1987: 207–13.)

  Kaplan, E. Ann. “Hemingway, Hollywood and Female Representation: The Macomber Affair.” Literature and Film Quarterly 13, no. 1 (1985): 22–28.

  Kert, pp. 275–76, 277–78, 347, 489.

  Kobler, J. F. “The Short Happy Illusion of Francis Macomber.” Quartet (Texas A&M) 45–46 (1974): 62–66.

  Kobler, pp. 38–42, 56, 60, 105–6, 123.

  Lefcourt, Charles R. “The Macomber Case.” Revue des Langues Vivantes 43 (1977): 341–47.

  Leger, Brosnahan. “A Lost Passage From Hemingway’s ‘Macomber.’” Studies in Bibliography: Papers of the Bibliographical Society of the University of Virginia 38: 328–30.

  Lounsberry, Barbara. “The Education of Robert Wilson.” Hemingway Notes 5 (1980): 29–32.

  Lynn, pp. 431–36.

  McKenna, John J. “Macomber: The ‘Nice Jerk.’” American Notes and Queries 17 (1979): 73–74.

  McKenna, John J., and Marvin Peterson, V. “More Muddy Water: Wilson’s Shakespeare in ‘The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber.’” Studies in Short Fiction 18 (1981): 82–85.

  Meyers (A Biography), pp. 253, 267–75, 391, 501.

  Meyers, Jeffrey. “Wallace Stevens and ‘The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber.’” American Notes and Queries 21 (1982): 47–48.

  Moorhead, Michael. “Hemingway’s ‘The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber’ and Shaw’s ‘The Deputy Sheriff.’” Explicator 44 (Winter 1986): 42–43.

  Morsberger, Robert E. “‘That Hemingway Kind of Love’: Macomber in the Movies.” Literature/Film Quarterly 4 (1976): 54–59. (Reprinted in A Moving Picture Feast. Ed. Charles M. Oliver. New York: Praeger, 1989: 135–40.)

  Morton, Bruce. “Hemingway’s ‘The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber.’” Explicator 41 (1982): 48–49.

  Morton, Bruce. “Macomber and Fitzgerald: Hemingway Gets Even in ‘The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber.’” Zeitschrift fur Anglistik und Amerikanistik 30 (1982): 157–60.

  Nelson (H, Expressionist Artist), p. 62.

  Phillips, pp. 89–97, 102, 110, 112.

  Raeburn, p. 56.

  Rao, P. G. Rama, pp. 4, 74, 137, 146–54.

  Reynolds, Michael S. “Macomber: An Old Oak Park Name.” Hemingway Review 3 (1983): 28–29.

  Reynolds (Young H), pp. 52, 72–73.

  Rovit and Brenner, pp. 56–57.

  Seydow, John J. “Francis Macomber’s Spurious Masculinity.” Hemingway Review 1 (1981): 33–41.

  Smith, pp. 327–48.

  Smith, Wallace. “On Hemingway’s ‘The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber.’” Bulletin of the Faculty of Humanities, Seikel University (Tokyo) 13 (1977): 1–14.

  Spilka, Mark. “A Source for the Macomber ‘Accident’: Marryat’s Percival Keene.” Hemingway Review 3, no. 2 (Spring 1984): 46–49.

  Spilka, Mark. “Warren Beck Revisited.” Modern Fiction Studies 22 (1976): 245–55.

  Stephens, Robert O. “Macomber and that Somali Proverb: The Matrix of Knowledge.” Fitzgerald-Hemingway Annual (1977): 137–47.

  Wagner (Inventors/Masters), pp. 72–73, 77–78.

  Watson, James Gray. “‘A Sound Basis of Union’: Structural and Thematic Balance in ‘The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber.’” Fitzgerald-Hemingway Annual (1974): 215–28.

  Whitlow, pp. 12, 59–68, 70, 88.

  Williams, pp. 11, 126–29.

  Yamamoto, Shoh. “Hemingway’s Macomber Story: Its Structure and Meaning.” Pooetica: An International Journal of Linguistic-Literary Studies (Tokyo) 23 (1986): 98–115.

  (87) A Simple Enquiry

  (1926–27/October 14, 1927/Men Without Women/CS, FV)

  Brenner, pp. 18, 20, 22.

  Brenner, Gerry. “A Semiotic Inquiry into Hemingway’s ‘A Simple Inquiry.’”Hemingway’s Short Fiction. Ed. Susan F. Beegel. Ann Arbor: UMI Research Press, 1989: 195–208.

  Cooper, p. 33.

  Donaldson, p. 183.

  Flora (Nick Adams), p. 113.

  Meyers (A Biography), pp. 200–201.

  Rao, P. G. Rama, pp. 44, 91.

  Smith, pp. 185–88.

  Wagner (Inventors/Masters), p. 67.

  Williams, p. 97.

  (88) The Snows of Kilimanjaro

  (1935/August 1936/Esquire/CS, FV)

  Bakker, pp. 49, 56, 59–61, 80, 87, 154.

  Brenner, p. 147.

  Blumenthal, Jay Allan. “Ernest Hemingway’s Aesthetic Theory: An Analysis of His Concepts of Literary Truth and Literary Knowledge.” DAI 38 (1977): 2738A (Drew University).

  Bruccoli, pp. 130–33, 139–41.

  Burgess, p. 67.

  Capellan, pp. 97, 98, 99, 100, 231, 233.

  Cheng, Young-Hsiao T. “Fact and Fiction in Hemingway’s ‘The Snows of Kilimanjaro.’” American Studies (Taiwan) 7, no. 3 (September 1977): 41–55.

  Cooper, p. 66.

  Dahiya, pp. 18, 92, 93–113, 116, 119, 141.

  Donaldson, pp. 34–35, 53, 163, 212, 269, 284.

  Elia, Richard L. “Three Symbols in Hemingway’s ‘The Snows of Kilimanjaro.’” Revue des Langues Vivantes 41 (1975): 282–85.

  Flora (Nick Adams), pp. 190, 234, 252, 253, 261.

  Flora (Short Fiction), pp. 81–88, 114–15.

  Fuentes, p. 98.

  Gaggin, pp. 35–36.

  Gladstein, pp. 49, 64–65.

  Hardy and Cull, pp. 26–27, 44.

  (87) A Simple Enquiry

  (1926–27/October 14, 1927/Men Without Women/CS, FV)

  Brenner, pp. 18, 20, 22.

  Brenner, Gerry. “A Semiotic Inquiry into Hemingway’s ‘A Simple Inquiry.’”

  Hemingway’s Short Fiction. Ed. Susan F. Beegel. Ann Arbor: UMI Research Press, 1989: 195–208.

  Cooper, p. 33.

  Donaldson, p. 183.

  Flora (Nick Adams), p. 113.

  Meyers (A Biography), pp. 200–201.

  Rao, P. G. Rama, pp. 44, 91.

  Smith, pp. 185–88.

  Wagner (Inventors/Masters), p. 67.

  Williams, p. 97.

  (88) The Snows of Kilimanjaro

  (1935/August 1936/Esquire/CS, FV)

  Bakker, pp. 49, 56, 59–61, 80, 87, 154.

  Brenner, p. 147.

  Blumenthal, Jay Allan. “Ernest Hemingway’s Aesthetic Theory: An Analysis of His Concepts of Literary Truth and Literary Knowledge.” DAI 38 (1977): 2738A (Drew University).

  Bruccoli, pp. 130–33, 139–41.

  Burgess, p. 67.

  Capellan, pp. 97, 98, 99, 100, 231, 233.

  Cheng, Young-Hsiao T. “Fact and Fiction in Hemingway’s ‘The Snows of Kilimanjaro.’” American Studies (Taiwan) 7, no. 3 (September 1977): 41–55.

  Cooper, p. 66.

  Dahiya, pp. 18, 92, 93–113, 116, 119, 141.

  Donaldson, pp. 34–35, 53, 163, 212, 269, 284.

  Elia, Richard L. “Three Symbols in Hemingway’s ‘The Snows of Kilimanjaro.’”

  Revue des Langues Vivantes 41 (1975): 282–85.

  Flora (Nick Adams), pp. 190, 234, 252, 253, 261.

  Flora (Short Fiction), pp. 81–88, 114–15.

  Fuentes, p. 98.

  Gaggin, pp. 35–36.

  Gladstein, pp. 49, 64–65.

  Hardy and Cull, pp. 26–27, 44.

  Herndon, Jerry A. “‘The Snows of Kilimanjaro’: Another Look at Theme and Point of View.” South Atlantic Quarterly 85 (Autumn 1986): 351–59.

  Johnston, Kenneth G. “The Silly Wasters: Tzara and the Poet in ‘The Snows of Kilimanjaro.’” Hemingway Review 8, no. 1 (Fall 1988): 50–57.

  Johnston, Kenneth G. “‘The Snows of Kilimanjaro’: An African Purge.” Studies in Short Fiction 21, no. 3 (Summer 1984): 223–27. (Reprinted in The Tip of the Iceberg: Hemingway and the Sho
rt Story. Greenwood, Fla.: Penkevill, 1987: 195–204.)

  Johnston, Kenneth G. “The Songs in Hemingway’s ‘The Snows of Kilimanjaro.’” American Notes and Queries 23 (November–December 1984): 46–49.

  Kert, pp. 70, 124–25, 277–79, 281.

  Kobler, pp. 39, 50, 51, 123.

  Kolb, Alfred. “Symbolic Structure in Hemingway’s ‘The Snows of Kilimanjaro.’” NMAL: Notes on Modern American Literature 1 (1976): item 4.

  Lynn, pp. 180–81, 189–90, 214–15, 429–31, 437–38.

  Madison, Robert D. “Hemingway and Selous: A Source for ‘Snows’?” Hemingway Review 8, no. 1 (Fall 1988): 62–63.

  Meyers (A Biography), pp. 41, 98, 106–7, 195, 263, 265, 275–79, 294, 317, 326, 352, 488, 535–36.

  Meyers, Jeffrey. Introduction. Disease and the Novel, 1880–1960. London: Macmillan, 1985: 1–18.

  Meyers, Jeffrey. “Tolstoy and Hemingway: ‘The Death of Ivan Ilych’ and ‘The Snows of Kilimanjaro.’” Disease and the Novel, 1880–1960. London: Macmillan, 1985: 19–29.

  Monteiro, George. “Hemingway’s Samson Agonistes.” Fitzgerald-Hemingway Annual (1979): 411–16.

  Morsberger, Robert E. “ED on Kilimanjaro.” Dickinson Studies: Emily Dickinson (1830–86) 30 (1976): 105–6.

  Nelson (H, Expressionist Artist), p. 21.

  Nicholson, Colin. “Signatures of Time.” Canadian Literature 107 (1985): 90–101.

  Petry, Alice Hall. “Voice Out of Africa: A Possible Oral Source for Hemingway’s ‘The Snows of Kilimanjaro.’” Hemingway Review 4, no. 2 (Spring 1985): 7–11.

  Phillips, pp. 8, 80, 90, 106, 123, 159.

  Raeburn, pp. 174–75, 204–7.

  Rao, P. G. Rama, pp. 4, 54, 74, 79, 123, 137–46, 197, 207, 208.

  Reynolds (H’s First War), pp. 216–17.

  Rovit and Brenner, pp. 19–22, 56, 57, 62, 63, 98.

  Shuster, Marilyn R. “Reading and Writing as a Woman: The Retold Tales of Marquerite Duras.” French Review 58, no. 1 (October 1984): 48–57.

  Smith, pp. 349–61.

  Titner, Adeline R. “Wharton’s Forgotten Preface to Vivienne de Watteville’s Speak to the Earth: A Link with Hemingway’s ‘The Snows of Kilimanjaro.’” NMAL: Notes on Modern American Literature 8, no. 2 (Autumn 1984): item 10.

  Villard and Nagel, p. 265.

  Wagner (Inventors/Masters), pp. 72–73, 77–78.

  Whitlow, pp. 68–74, 88.

  Whitlow, Roger. “Critical Misinterpretation of Hemingway’s Helen.” Frontiers: A journal of Women Studies 3 (1978): 52–54.

  Williams, pp. 129–35.

  Soldier’s Home

  (1924/June 1925/Contact Collection of Contemporary Writers [anthology]/IOT, CS, FV)

  Barron, Cynthia M. “The Catcher and the Soldier: Hemingway’s ‘Soldier’s Home’ and Salinger’s The Catcher in the Rye.” Hemingway Review 2 (1982): 70–73

  Boyd, John D. “Hemingway’s ‘Soldier’s Home.’” Explicator 40 (1981): 51–53.

  Broer, Lawrence. “Soldier’s Home.” Lost Generation Journal 3 (1975): 32.

  Capellan, pp. 4, 72, 81, 166.

  Cooper, pp. 4, 23, 32, 90.

  Donaldson, pp. 189, 224–25.

  Elder, Harris James. “From Literature to Cinema: The American Short Story Series.” DAI 40 (1980): 4279A (Oklahoma State University).

  Flora (Nick Adams), pp. 43–44, 48, 98, 106, 107, 112, 194, 262, 268–69, 270.

  Giger, p. 20.

  Grimes, pp. 35, 42, 45.

  Johnston, Kenneth G. “‘Soldier’s Home’: Conflict on the Home Front.” The Tip of the Iceberg: Hemingway and the Short Story. Greenwood, Fla.: Penkevill, 1987: 75–82.

  Jones, Horace P. “Hemingway’s ‘Soldier’s Home.’” Explicator 37 (1979): 17.

  Kert, pp. 70–71.

  Knowlton, Marianne H. “‘Soldier’s Home’: A Space Between.” A Moving Picture Feast. Ed. Charles M. Oliver. New York: Praeger, 1989: 141–47.

  Kobler, pp. 58, 112.

  Lynn, pp. 85, 258–60.

  Meyers (A Biography), pp. 10, 47, 55, 83, 115.

  Monteiro, George. “Hemingway’s ‘Soldier’s Home.’” Explicator 40 (1981): 50–51

  Nakajima, Kenji. “Hemingway’s View of Alienation in ‘Soldier’s Home.’” Kyushu American Literature 20 (1979): 21–28.

  Phillips, p. 160.

  Rao, E. Nageswara, pp. 20, 52, 66.

  Rao, P. G. Rama, pp. 40, 131, 162.

  Reynolds (H’s First War), p. B7.

  Reynolds (The Paris Years), pp. 189–91.

  Reynolds (Young H), p. 52.

  Roberts, John J. “In Defense of Krebs.” Studies in Short Fiction 13 (1976): 515–18. (Reprinted in Michael S. Reynolds, ed. Critical Essays on Ernest Hemingway’s “In Our Time.” Boston: Hall, 1983: 199–202.)

  Rovit, Earl. “On Ernest Hemingway and ‘Soldier’s Home.’” The American Short Story. Ed. Calvin L. Skaggs. 2 vols. New York: Dell, 1977. 1: 251–56.

  Sarason, Bertram D. “Krebs in Kodiak.” Fitzgerald-Hemingway Annual (1975): 209–15.

  Skaggs, Calvin L. Introduction. The American Short Story. Ed. Skaggs. 2 vols. New York: Dell, 1977. 1: 14.

  Smith, pp. 68–74.

  Villard and Nagel, p. 257.

  Wagner (Inventors/Masters), pp. 58–59, 60, 63.

  Williams, pp. 32, 33, 36.

  Ziff, Larzer. “The Social Basis of Hemingway’s Style.” Poetics: International Review for the Theory of Literature 7 (1978): 417–23. (Reprinted in Wagner, Linda W., ed. Ernest Hemingway: Six Decades of Criticism. Boston: Hall, 1987:147–54.)

  (91) Ten Indians(1925–27/October 14, 1927/Men Without Women/CS, NA, FV)

  Bakker, pp. 4, 5.

  Brenner, p. 18.

  Capellan, pp. 78–79.

  Cappel, pp. 13, 26, 61, 96–105.

  Dahiya, pp. 31, 32, 33, 34, 40, 41.

  Fleming, Robert E. “Hemingway’s Dr. Adams: Saint or Sinner.” Arizona Quarterly 39 (1983): 101–10.

  Flora (Nick Adams), pp. 44–57, 67, 71, 93, 94, 96, 104, 113, 161, 183, 216, 240, 265, 267.

  Griffin, p. 222.

  Hardy and Cull, p. 47.

  Kert, p. 179.

  Meyers (A Biography), pp. 16, 133.

  Rao, P. G. Rama, pp. 44, 45, 123.

  Reynolds (The Paris Years), p. 332.

  Rovit and Brenner, p. 161.

  Smith, pp. 197–203.

  Smith, Paul. “The Tenth Indian and the Thing Left Out.” Ernest Hemingway: The Writer in Context. Ed. James Nagel. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1984: 53–74.

  Unfried, pp. 15–16.

  Wagner (Inventors/Masters), p. 67.

  Whitlow, pp. 101–2.

  Williams, p. 93.

  (92) The Three-Day Blow

  (1924/October 5, 1925/In Our Time/CS, NA, FV)

  Brenner, pp. 20, 37, 222.

  Cappel, pp. 14, 128, 134–40, 190.

  Cooper, p. 25.

  Dahiya, pp. 19, 20, 22, 33, 38, 42, 45.

  Donaldson, pp. 191, 248–49.

  Flora (Nick Adams), pp. 13, 53, 58–68, 69, 71, 73, 77, 83, 93, 97, 121, 122, 141, 161, 165, 177, 192, 195, 196, 197, 218, 233, 238, 248, 250, 272.

  Grimes, pp. 42–43, 55.

  Hannum, Howard L. “Dating Hemingway’s ‘The Three Day Blow’ by External Evidence: The Baseball Dialogue.” Studies in Short Fiction 21, no. 3 (Summer 1984): 267–68.

  Johnston, Kenneth G. “‘The Three-Day Blow’: Tragicomic Aftermath of a Summer Romance.” Hemingway Review 2 (1982): 21–25. (Reprinted in The Tip of the Iceberg: Hemingway and the Short Story. Greenwood, Fla.: Penkevill, 1987: 95–101.)

  Kobler, pp. 42, 66–67, 100

  Lynn, pp. 121–22, 255.

  Meyers (A Biography), p. 49.

  Monteiro, George. “Dating the Events of ‘The Three Day Blow.’” Fitzgerald-Hemingway Annual (1977): 207–10. (Reprinted in Michael S. Reynolds, ed. Critical Essays on Ernest Hemingway’s “In Our Time.” Boston: Hall, 1983: 172–75.)

  O’Brien, Matthew. “
Baseball in ‘The Three-Day Blow.’” American Notes and Queries 16 (1977): 24–26.

  Raeburn, p. 194.

  Rao, E. Nageswara, p. 15.

  Rao, P. G. Rama, pp. 101, 162, 164, 165.

  Reynolds (Young H), pp. 201, 226.

  Smith, pp. 56–60.

  Wagner (Inventors/Masters), pp. 58, 63.

  Whitlow, pp. 88–89.

  Williams, pp. 33, 36, 93.

  (94) Today is Friday

  (1926/Summer 1926/Today is Friday [pamphlet]/MWW, CS, FV)

  Brackenridge, Lois. “Analysis of ‘Today is Friday’ by Ernest Hemingway.”

  Linguistics in Literature 1 (1976): 1–10.

  Brenner, pp. 19, 22.

  Bruccoli, p. 53.

  Donaldson, p. 237.

  Flora (Nick Adams), p. 214.

  Kert, p. 179.

  Lynn, p. 343.

  Meyers (A Biography), pp. 133, 185.

  Rao, P. G. Rama, p. 42.

  Rovit and Brenner, p. 47.

  Smith, pp. 154–58.

  Stolzfus, p. 43.

  Williams, p. 96.

  (95) The Tradesman’s Return

  (1935/February 1936/Esquire/[revised to become Part II of To Have and Have Not], FV)

  Cooper, p. 66.

  Fuentes, p. 121.

  Kert, p. 276.

  Lynn, pp. 454–56.

  Meyers (A Biography), pp. 116, 228, 488.

  Phillips, p. 49.

  (96) The Undefeated

  (1924/Summer 1925/Querschnitt, as “Steirkampf” in German/MWW, CS, FV)

  Beegel, Susan. “The Death of El Espartero: An Historic Matador Links ‘The Undefeated’ and Death in the Afternoon.” Hemingway Review 5, no. 2 (Spring 1986): 12–23.

  Brenner, pp. 19, 21–22, 101, 219.

  Capellan, pp. 6, 21, 87, 88, 125, 133, 146, 150, 153, 170, 203.

  Cooper, pp. 79, 115.

  Dahiya, p. 43.

  Donaldson, pp. 53, 91, 189, 278.

  Flora (Nick Adams), p. 113.

  Gaggin, pp. 47–48.

  Johnston, Kenneth G. “‘The Undefeated’: The Moment of Truth.” The Tip of the Iceberg: Hemingway and the Short Story. Greenwood, Fla.: Penkevill, 1987: 85– 92

  Kert, pp. 185, 202.

  Kobler, pp. 25–26, 27, 28, 55.

  Lynn, pp. 268–69. Rao, E. Nageswara, p. 102.

  Rao, P. G. Rama, p. 123.

  Reynolds (The Paris Years), pp. 246–47, 263, 276–77.

  Rovit and Brenner, pp. 43, 44, 62, 67, 98.

  Smith, pp. 102–9.

  Sojka, pp. 3, 125, 157.

  Stoltzfus, pp. 49, 54–55, 62, 63–64, 73–74.

  Wagner (Inventors/Masters), p. 66.