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The American Plague

Page 32

by Molly Caldwell Crosby


  D’Antonio, Michael

  Darby, Willie

  Darling, Caroline Louise (Sister Constance)

  Darwin, Charles

  Davis, Jefferson Davis, Jefferson, Jr.

  DDT

  Dean, William E. (Patient XY)

  deaths from yellow fever

  death wagons

  debt of Memphis ()

  DEET

  De Kruif, Paul

  delirium from yellow fever

  dengue

  Desowitz, Robert

  Destroying Angel

  disinfectants

  dismissive letter from Rutherford B. Hayes (President)

  doctors and yellow fever

  Durham, Herbert (Dr.)

  dysentery

  Eastman, George

  Ebola vs. yellow fever

  Eclipse cocktail

  Edison, Thomas

  eggs of mosquitoes

  Egyptian mosquito (Aedes aegypti) . See also mosquitoes

  Ehrlich, Paul

  Electric Light Company, Memphis

  electrozone disinfectant

  Elliott, Thomas

  Elmwood Cemetery, Memphis

  El Niño cycle impact on yellow fever

  Emily B. Souder (screw steamer)

  encephalitis

  end of plague (Memphis)

  England, Thomas M.

  Environmental Protection Agency

  epidemic, single case as

  epidemics ofand

  eradication of mosquitoes

  Erskine, Alexander (Dr.)

  Erskine, John H. (Dr.)

  escaping from Memphis

  “Etiology of Yellow Fever: A Preliminary Note, The” (Reed)

  “Etiology of Yellow Fever—An Additional Note, The” (Reed)

  evidence-based medicine

  evolutionary dexterity of mosquitoes

  evolutionary masterpiece, viruses as

  eye (whites of) and yellow fever

  Faget’s sign

  Family Physician

  Farrell Oysterdealers, Memphis

  Fat Tuesday

  fear created from yellow fever

  federal vs. state rights

  female mosquitoes

  fever from yellow fever

  Ffirth, Stubbins (Dr.)

  Fifth Army Corps

  filth and disease

  financial loss fromepidemic

  Finca San Jose

  Finlay, Carlos (Dr.) “Mosquito Man”

  Aristides Agramonte and

  atmospheric conditions and yellow fever

  background of

  dinner honoring

  “Etiology of Yellow Fever: A Preliminary Note, The” (Reed) and

  Havana Yellow Fever Commission and

  mosquito theory and

  second-generation mosquitoes with yellow fever

  vivisection (human experiments) by

  Walter Reed Memorial Association

  Yellow Fever Board (Cuba) and

  fireworks, Carnival (Memphis Mardi Gras)

  First Baptist Church, Memphis

  first recorded case of yellow fever

  Fisher, Charles G.

  flavivirus

  Flexner, Simon (Dr.)

  Flippin, John R. (Mayor)

  floats, Carnival (Memphis Mardi Gras)

  Flying Dutchman

  Folk, Levi E.

  Fontaine House, Memphis

  Forbes, Wallace W.

  Forrest, Nathan Bedford

  frost and end of plague, Memphis ()

  fumigation of mail

  Garrett, Laurie

  GAVI (Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization)

  Gayoso Bayou, Memphis

  Geographical Society

  George (King of England)

  German blitzkrieg

  germ theory

  Geronimo

  gin for yellow fever

  Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization (GAVI)

  Golden Crown (steamer)

  Gorgas, Sir William .

  “Graveyard Girl” (Grace), Elmwood Cemetery

  Great Influenza, The (Barry)

  Green, Soloman P. (“Old Sol”)

  Greene, Colton (General)

  Greenlaw Opera House, Memphis

  Greenwich Village, NY (“The Village”)

  Guinea Pig No.

  Guitéras, Juan (Dr.)

  gunpowder blasts for cleaning air

  Guy’s Hospital Medical School, London

  Hadden, David P. (“Pappy”)

  Haiti

  Halsted, William

  Hamann, Paul

  Hamilton, Alexander

  Hanberry, James .

  Handback, Sunny

  Happy Hollow, Memphis

  Harper’s

  Harpman and Brother Cigars, Memphis

  Harris, George . (Reverend)

  Harvard Medical School

  Havana harbor

  Havana Yellow Fever Commission ()

  Hay, John

  Hayes, Rutherford B. (President)

  Hayne, Theodore B. (Dr.)

  headaches from yellow fever

  Hearst, William Randolph

  help (pleas for), Memphis

  Hench, Philip S.

  hepatitis

  heroic medicine

  Hildebrand, James

  Hill, Byrd & Sons, Memphis

  Hitler, Adolf

  HIV

  homes (infected), fear of entering

  horrors (mysterious) of yellow fever

  hospitals, avoiding

  house calls by doctors

  Howard, Leland (Dr.)

  Howard Association

  Hudson, Dr.

  human experiments (vivisection)

  human scents, mosquitoes drawn to

  Huxley, Thomas

  ill, neglect of the

  immigrant population in Memphis

  immigrants and death from yellow fever

  immigration and epidemics

  immune system of body and viruses

  immunity to yellow fever

  incubation period of yellow fever

  Indianapolis Journal

  Indian Wars

  Infected Clothing Building of Camp Lazear

  infected homes, fear of entering

  Infected Mosquito Building at Camp Lazear

  influenza

  International Health Division

  “In the Children’s Hospital” (Tennyson)

  invitation to Rex’s ball, Carnival (Memphis Mardi Gras)

  Irving, Washington

  Jackson, Andrew

  Jack the Ripper

  Japanese encephalitis

  Jefferson, Thomas (President)

  Jefferson Medical College in Philadelphia

  Jefferson neighborhood, Memphis

  Jenner, Edward

  Jernegan, Warren G.

  John . Porter (towboat)

  Johns Hopkins University

  Journal of the American Medical Association

  jungle yellow fever

  Kean, Jefferson Randolph (Major)

  Army Surgeon General job for Walter Reed, supported by

  bilingual consent form used at Camp Lazear

  Camp Lazear

  Carlos Finlay dinner

  Jesse Lazear’s death from yellow fever

  Walter Reed and

  Walter Reed’s appendicitis

  Walter Reed’s death

  yellow fever, contracted by

  Yellow Fever Board (Cuba) and

  Kelly, Howard

  Kettle Hill

  Killer T cells

  King, Martin Luther, Jr.

  Kipling, Rudyard

  Kissinger, John R. (Private)

  Koch, Robert (“Popsy”)

  Kpeve, Gold Coast

  Kremer, Herzog and Co., Memphis

  Ku Klux Klan

  lab of Yellow Fever Board

  Lambert, Gustaf E.

  Lancet Infectious Disease

  La Roche
, R.

  Las Animas Hospital (“the Souls Hospital”)

  laudanum for yellow fever

  Lazear, Jesse (Dr.)

  background of

  Camp Columbia and

  Congressional Gold Medal

  death from yellow fever

  Guinea Pig No.

  James Carroll and

  logbooks, disappearance of

  Mabel (Jesse Lazear’s wife)

  mosquito bite of

  mosquito theory and

  self-experimentation

  Walter Reed and

  yellow fever, contracted by

  Yellow Fever Board (Cuba) and

  Lee, Fitzhugh (General)

  “Lee’s Miserables,”

  leptospirosis

  Lesseps, Ferdinand de

  Lewis, Paul (Dr.)

  life cycle of mosquitoes

  Lincoln, Abraham (President)

  Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine

  living room, replacement for parlor

  Lloyd’s, Memphis

  Lodge, Henry Cabot

  logbooks of Jesse Lazear, disappearance of

  London School of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

  Lonsdale, John G., Jr.

  Louisiana State University

  Lowenstein and Brothers, Memphis

  lower vs. upper class in Memphis

  Maass, Clara

  Machupo virus

  Maine (USS)

  malaria

  male mosquitoes

  Mansion House, Memphis

  Manson, Sir Patrick

  Marine Hospital Service (Public Health Service)

  Martyrs of Memphis (St. Mary’s Cathedral)

  “Masque of the Red Death, The” (Poe)

  Maury and Mitchell Infirmary, Memphis

  McCelland Drugs, Memphis

  McCullough, Tom

  McKinley, William (President)

  McLaughlin’s grocery, Memphis

  medical career, non-respected career

  medical programs, lack of in America

  medicine and religion

  Memphis (). See also mosquitoes; mosquito theory; yellow fever

  Carnival (Memphis Mardi Gras)

  city of corpses

  Destroying Angel

  doctors and yellow fever

  Elmwood Cemetery

  Havana Yellow Fever Commission

  rebuilding of

  steamers and yellow fever

  Yellow Fever Commission of Experts ()

  Memphis Board of Health

  Memphis Exposition Building

  mental decline from yellow fever

  Microbe Hunters (De Kruif)

  Milburn, John

  Military Hospital No.

  Mississippi River

  Mitchell, Robert Wood (Dr.)

  monkeys as hosts for yellow fever

  Montauk Point

  Moran, John J.

  Morgan, John P.

  Mosquito (Spielman and ’Antonio)

  mosquitoes. See also mosquito theory

  adaptability of

  Aedes aegypti (striped house mosquito, Egyptian mosquito)

  Aedes albopictus (tiger mosquito)

  blood supply for eggs

  Camp Lazear

  eggs of

  evolutionary dexterity of

  female mosquitoes

  human scents, drawn to

  life cycle of

  male mosquitoes

  movement sensitivity of

  sanitation campaign

  steamers and

  swatting (attraction to) by

  tires as homes for

  travel adaptability of

  virus from mosquito to human to mosquito

  “wigglers,”

  Mosquito Hypothetically Considered as the Agent of Transmission of Yellow Fever, The (Finlay)

  mosquito theory. See also mosquitoes; yellow fever

  Albert Truby and

  Carlos Finlay and

  eradication of mosquitoes

  “Etiology of Yellow Fever: A Preliminary Note, The” (Reed)

  “Etiology of Yellow Fever—An Additional Note, The” (Reed)

  George Sternberg and

  Jesse Lazear and

  second-generation mosquitoes with yellow fever

  Walter Reed and

  mourning during epidemic, Memphis

  movement sensitivity of mosquitoes

  mutation by viruses

  Myers, Walter (Dr.)

  Mystic Memphi

  Myths of the Aryan People theme, Carnival (Memphis Mardi Gras)

  National Board of Health

  National Library of Medicine (Surgeon General’s Library)

  Naval Medical Center

  Neate, John

  New Orleans and yellow fever

  New York Times

  Nigeria yellow fever epidemic ()

  Nobel Prize

  Noguchi, Hideyo (Dr.)

  “No Man’s Land” in Elmwood Cemetery, Memphis

  noncontagious, yellow fever as

  North America and yellow fever

  northern U.S. and yellow fever

  Nott, Josiah .

  Nuremberg trials

  Oldstone, Michael

  Olsen, William

  Ophiuchus constellation and solar eclipse

  orchestras, Carnival (Memphis Mardi Gras)

  Osler, William (Dr.)

  Overton, John

  pain from yellow fever

  Panama Canal

  Pan-American Medical Congress ()

  panic created from yellow fever

  Panic of

  parades, Carnival (Memphis Mardi Gras)

  parlor replaced by living room

  Parsons, Charles Carroll (Reverend)

  Pasteur, Louis

  Pasteur Institute

  “Pathological” lab at Johns Hopkins University

  pathology

  Peabody Hotel, Memphis

  Peterson, Major

  phonograph, invention

  photomicroscopy

  Pierce, John

  Pillow, Gideon Johnson (General)

  Pinar del Rio

  Pinch District, Memphis

  Pinto, Sherman Alva

  plague, defined

  pleasing patients vs. science

  pneumonia

  Poe, Edgar Allen

  Popular Science Monthly

  population (diversity of), Memphis

  President’s Island (quarantine post)

  prison (fewest cases of yellow fever), Memphis

  privies, dumping into rivers

  Progressive Era in America

  Progressive Era of medicine

  propriety, rules for

  Public Health Service (Marine Hospital Service)

  Pulitzer, Joseph

  pyrethrum

  Quarantine Act of

  Quarantine cocktail

  quarantine inspections

  quarantines

  Quemados, Marianao yellow fever epidemic

  quinine for yellow fever

  Quintard, Charles T. (Bishop)

  railroads as channel of contagion

  Rawlins

  reasons for yellow fever

  rebuilding of Memphis

  receptor-mediated endocytosis

  recovery period and return of yellow fever

  “Red Ribbon brigade,” Carnival (Memphis Mardi Gras)

  Reed, Blossom (Walter Reed’s daughter)

  Reed, Christopher

  Reed, Emilie Lawrence (Walter Reed’s wife)

  Reed, Lawrence (General, Walter Reed’s son)

  Reed, Lemuel Sutton and Pharaba White

  Reed, Walter (Major)

  Albert Truby and

  American Public Health Association annual meetings

  appendicitis

  background of

  blood experiments

  burial of

  Camp Lazear and

  Carlos Finlay dinner

  children as
subjects for medical testing

  Congressional Gold Medal

  Cuba loved by

  death of

  “Etiology of Yellow Fever: A Preliminary Note, The,”

  “Etiology of Yellow Fever—An Additional Note, The,”

  George Sternberg and

  guilt over volunteers’ death

  health, deteriorating

  healthy eating habits of

  human experiments at Camp Lazear

  Jefferson Randolph Kean and

  Jesse Lazear and

  Keewaydin summer home of

  Lena Angevine Warner and

  letter to Emilie (Walter Reed’s wife) about yellow fever

  mosquito theory

  national hero

  notebooks of Lazear, studying

  opposition to

  Pan-American Medical Congress ()

  Pinar del Rio

  seasickness of

  self-experimentation by Yellow Fever Board

  Typhoid Commission

  vivisection (human experiments)

  wire mosquito gift

  Yellow Fever Board (Cuba) and

  religion and medicine

  reputation (sickly, filthy city) of Memphis

  Rex, Carnival (Memphis Mardi Gras)

  Rhesus-A, B

  rickettsia

  river traffic, spreading yellow fever

  robbing the dead

  Rockefeller, John .

  “Rockefeller disease,”

  Rockefeller Foundation

  Romances of Childhood ball, Carnival (Memphis Mardi Gras)

  Roosevelt, Theodore (Colonel and President)

  Root, Elihu

  Ross, Sir Ronald

  Rough Riders

  “Round Robin” letter

  Royal Academy of Medical, Physical and Natural Sciences (Havana)

  Royal College of Physicians

  saffron scourge. See also yellow fever

  Sanarelli, Giuseppe (Dr.)

  sanitary conditions in Memphis

  sanitation and yellow fever

  sanitation campaign

  São Tomé (“Dutchman’s graveyard”)

  Saunders, Dudley (Dr.)

  Sawyer, Wilbur (Dr.)

  Schuyler, Louis (Reverend)

  Scott, Sir Walter

  second-generation mosquitoes with yellow fever

  security, Carnival (Memphis Mardi Gras)

  Sedgwick

  Seesel and Son’s grocery, Memphis

  self-experimentation by Yellow Fever Board

  self-medications for yellow fever

  “serum hepatitis,”

  sewer system for Memphis

  Shafter, W. Rufus (General)

  Shakespeare, Edward (Dr.)

  Sherwood, Sergeant

  shipping industry and Cuba

  Siboney yellow fever epidemic

  Sigsbee, Charles (Captain)

  skin, transmission through

  skin color from yellow fever

  slave trade and yellow fever

  smallpox

  smell of death and decay

 

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