Crucible of Command
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Greenfield, MA, Gazette & Courier, 1863.
Hartford, CT, Connecticut Courant, 1864.
Hartford, CT, Daily Courant, 1863–1864.
Hillsborough, NC, Recorder, 1862.
Houston, Telegraph, 1865.
Houston, Texas Telegraph, 1847.
Jackson, MI, Citizen, 1897.
Jackson, MI, Daily Citizen, 1867.
Jamestown, NY, Journal, 1868.
Keene, New Hampshire Sentinel, 1862.
Keowee, SC, Courier, 1866.
Lexington, KY, Morning Herald, 1901.
Lowell, MA, Daily Citizen and News, 1864–1865.
Macon, GA, Daily Telegraph, 1866.
Macon, GA, Telegraph, 1862–1863, 1866, 1886.
Macon, GA, Weekly Telegraph, 1862, 1867–1868, 1870, 1875.
Memphis, Daily Avalanche, 1868.
Milwaukee, Journal of Commerce, 1871.
Milwaukee, Semi-Weekly Madison, 1866.
Milwaukee, Sentinel, 1862, 1865.
Mobile, Advertiser & Register, 1864.
Mobile, Register, 1863.
Montgomery, Advertiser, 1918.
Nashville, Union and American, 1861.
Newark, NJ, Centinel of Freedom, 1874.
New Haven, CT, Columbian Register, 1862.
New London, CT, Democrat, 1852.
New London, CT, New London Daily Chronicle, 1863.
New Orleans, Daily Picayune, 1866, 1885.
New Orleans, Picayune, 1863.
New Orleans, Times, 1865, 1867.
New Orleans, Times-Picayune, 1871, 1884, 1886, 1903.
New York, Commercial Advertiser, 1846, 1868–1869.
New York, Emancipator, 1839.
New York, Evening Post, 1861.
New York, Frank Leslie’s Illustrated Newspaper, 1862–1863.
New York, Herald, 1863–1865, 1868–1869, 1878–1879.
New York, Independent, 1866.
New York, Ledger, 1868.
New York, Morning Telegraph, 1875.
New York, Times, 1885, 1897.
New York, Tribune, 1859, 1861–1863, 1865–1866, 1868, 1872, 1886.
New York, World, 1863.
Norfolk, American Beacon, 1817–1819.
Norfolk, Gazette and Publick Ledger, 1812, 1814–1816.
Norwich, CT, Aurora, 1865, 1869.
Omaha, World Herald, 1895–1896.
Philadelphia, Evening Telegraph, 1867.
Philadelphia, Illustrated New Age, 1865.
Philadelphia, Inquirer, 1862, 1864–1865, 1868, 1879, 1885, 1893.
Philadelphia, National Gazette, 1826.
Philadelphia, Public Ledger, 1862.
Plattsburgh, NY, Republican, 1852.
Portland, ME, Advertiser, 1830.
Portland, ME, Daily Advertiser, 1863.
Portland, ME, Daily Eastern Argus, 1863, 1868.
Portland, ME, Weekly Advertiser, 1862.
Portland, Oregonian, 1864, 1872, 1900.
Portsmouth, OH, Times, 1861.
Providence, RI, Evening Press, 1863–1865, 1868.
Quincy, IL, Daily Whig, 1869.
Quincy, IL, Whig, 1868.
Richmond, Daily Dispatch, 1861, 1865.
Richmond, Dispatch, 1867, 1869, 1890.
Richmond, Enquirer, 1819, 1823–1829, 1863.
Richmond, Examiner, 1861–1863.
Richmond, Sentinel, 1865.
Richmond, Southern Opinion, 1869
Richmond, Times-Dispatch, 1905, 1907, 1918, 1922, 1924, 1932.
Richmond, Virginia Argus, 1807, 1816, 1818.
Richmond, Virginia Patriot, 1810, 1815, 1817–1818.
Richmond, Whig, 1826, 1862–1864, 1867–1869, 1874.
Rockford, IL, Morning Star, 1888.
Rockford, IL, Republican, 1861.
Sacramento, Daily Union, 1863.
Salem, MA, Register, 1864, 1866.
Salem, NC, People’s Press, 1861.
San Diego, Evening Tribune, 1901.
San Diego, Union, 1885.
San Francisco, Bulletin, 1862–1863, 1865, 1868, 1875, 1879, 1882.
San Francisco, Evening Journal, 1853.
San Francisco, Post, 1886.
Sandusky, Register, 1858.
Schenectady, NY, Cabinet, 1852.
Springfield, Daily Illinois Journal, 1862.
Springfield, Daily Illinois State Journal, 1861–1863, 1905.
Springfield, Daily Republican, 1863.
Springfield, MA, Republican, 1862–1863, 1872.
St. Louis, Daily Missouri Republican, 1852, 1858.
St. Paul, Daily Press, 1868.
Trenton, State Gazette, 1865, 1867, 1879.
Troy, NY, Times, 1864.
Washington, Critic-Record, 1869, 1886.
Washington, Daily National Intelligencer, 1821, 1829, 1852, 1861.
Washington, Evening Star, 1861, 1863, 1867, 1885.
Washington, Evening Union, 1863–1865.
Washington, PA, Reporter, 1863.
Watertown, New York Reporter, 1851.
Westminster, MD, Carroll County Democrat, 1859.
Winchester, VA, Evening Star, 1940.
Winchester, VA, Times, June 3, 1896.
Worcester, MA, National Aegis, 1831, 1864.
AUTOGRAPH DEALER CATALOGS
Alexander Autographs Catalog, June 24, 1997, p. 10, item #99.
Alexander Autographs Catalog, October 14, 2006, sale, item #57.
Alexander Autographs Catalog, November 6, 2008, sale, p. 55, item #119 and #209.
Alexander Autographs Catalog, May 13, 2009 sale, item #206.
Alexander Autographs “War Between the States” catalog, 2008.
Civil War Auction Catalog No. 155, Antebellum Covers, Ron and Anne Meininger, Gaithersburg, MD.
Gary Hendershott Catalog, December 1995, p. 55, item #129.
Gary Hendershott Catalog, August 1999, Little Rock, AK.
HCA Auction Sale, July 22, 2010.
Heritage Auction, Dallas, November 20–21, 2008, item #57137.
Lee, Robert E., letter to Osman Latrobe, June 8, 1866, sold at auction in 1980, present location unknown.
Olde Soldier Books, Inc., Catalog #192, December 2003, item #118.
Profiles in History Catalog, Calabasas Hills, CA, December 2007, p. 20, item #24 and #25.
Raab Autographs, Ardmore, PA, Catalog, January 2003, p. 12, item #11.
Raab Collection Catalog, January 2012.
Raynors’ Historical Collectible Auctions Catalog, Burlington, NC, November 17, 2005, sale, item #97.
Rhode Scholar Catalog, Upper Marlboro, MD, September 1998, p. 25, item #84.
RR Auction Autograph Blog, August 3, 2011.
RWA Auction Catalog #39, June 1, 1996, p. 34, item #156.
RWA Auction Catalog #41, March 15, 1997, p. 59, item #341.
Signature House Sale Catalog Sale January 7, 2000, p. 46, item #233.
Signature House Catalog, n.d., Bridgeport, WV.
Sotheby’s Presidential and Other American Manuscripts Sale Catalog, April 3, 2008, item #13.
Swann Auction Catalog, April 17, 2012.
Swann Auction Galleries Catalog 2163, November 18, 2008.
Swann Auction Galleries, Sale 2333, New York, November 16, 2013.
Swann Galleries Catalog Sale, March 24, 1988, item #142.
William Reese Company Americana, New Haven, CT, website item 46845.
SECONDARY WORKS
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Arlington House. Washington: National Park Service, n.d.
Armes, Ethel. Stratford Hall: The Great House of the Lees. Richmond: Garrett and Massie, 1936.
Bartholomees, J. Boone Jr. Buff Facings and Gilt Buttons: Staff and Headquarters Operations in the Army of Northern Virginia, 1861–1865. Columbia, South Carolina: University of South Carolina Press, 1998.
Bearss, Edwin Cole. The Campaign for Vicksburg. Dayton, OH: Morningside Hous
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Bradford, Gamaliel. Lee the American. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin, 1912.
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Cozzens, Peter. The Darkest Days of the War: The Battles of Iuka & Corinth. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1997.
———. The Shipwreck of Their Hopes: The Battles for Chattanooga. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1994.
Davis, William C., ed. A Fire-Eater Remembers: The Confederate Memoir of Robert Barnwell Rhett. Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 2000.
———. “A Government of Our Own”: The Making of the Confederacy. New York: Free Press, 1994.
Decker, Karl, and Angus McSween. Historic Arlington: A History of the National Cemetery from Its Establishment to the Present Time. Washington: Decker and McSween, 1892.
DeHart, Richard Patten. Past and Present of Tippecanoe County, Indiana. Indianapolis: B. F. Bowen, 1909. 2 vols.
Dowdey, Clifford. Lee. Boston: Little, Brown, 1965.
Ellington, Charles G. The Trial of U. S. Grant: The Pacific Coast Years, 1852–1854. Glendale, CA: Arthur H. Clark, 1986.
Ezekiel, Herbert T., and Gaston Lichtenstein. The History of the Jews of Richmond from 1769 to 1917. Richmond: Herbert T. Ezekiel, 1917.
Fellman, Michael. The Making of Robert E. Lee. New York: Random House, 2000.
Flood, Charles Bracelen. Lee: The Last Years. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin, 1981.
Freeman, Douglas Southall. R. E. Lee, A Biography. New York: Scribner’s, 1934–1935. 4 vols.
Gallagher, Gary W. Becoming Confederates: Paths to a New National Identity. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 203.
———. The Fredericksburg Campaign: Decision on the Rappahannock. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1995.
———. Lee and His Generals in War and Memory. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1998.
Garland, Hamlin. Ulysses S. Grant, His Life and Character. New York: Doubleday, 1898.
Glatthaar, Joseph T. General Lee’s Army: From Victory to Collapse. New York: Free Press, 2008.
Harsh, Joseph T. Taken at the Flood: Robert E. Lee & Confederate Strategy in the Maryland Campaign of 1862. Kent, OH: Kent State University Press, 1999.
Headley, P. C. The Life and Campaigns of Lieut.-Gen. U. S. Grant. New York: Derby and Miller, 1866.
Hennessy, John. Return to Bull Run: The Campaign and Battle of Second Manassas. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1992.
Hughes, Nathaniel Cheairs. The Battle of Belmont: Grant Strikes South. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1991.
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Jones, R. Steven. The Right Hand of Command: Use and Disuse of Personal Staffs in the American Civil War. Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole Books, 2000.
Kegel, James A. North with Lee and Jackson: The Lost Story of Gettysburg. Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole Books, 1996.
Kelsey, Marie Ellen, comp. Ulysses S. Grant, A Bibliography. Westport, CT: Praeger, 2005.
Korn, Bertram. American Jewry and the Civil War. New York: Athenaeum, 1970.
Krick, Robert E. L. Staff Officers in Gray: A Biographical Register of the Staff Officers in the Army of Northern Virginia. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2003.
Krick, Robert K. Civil War Weather in Virginia. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 2007.
———. The Smoothbore Volley That Doomed the Confederacy: The Death of Stonewall Jackson and Other Chapters on the Army of Northern Virginia. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2002.
Lee, Edmund Jennings. Lee of Virginia, 1642–1892, Biographical and Genealogical Sketches of the Descendants of Col. Richard Lee. Philadelphia: Franklin Printing Co., 1895.
Linderman, Gerald F. Embattled Courage: The Experience of Combat in the American Civil War. New York: The Free Press, 1987.
Lowry, Thomas P. A Thousand Stories You Didn’t Know About the Civil War. N.p.: Published by author, 2014.
———. Don’t Shoot That Boy! Abraham Lincoln and Military Justice. Mason City, IA: Savas Publishing, 1999.
Lowry, Thomas P., and Lewis Laska. Confederate Death Sentences: A Reference Guide. Charleston, SC: Booksurge, 2008.
Matter, William D. If It Takes All Summer: The Battle for Spotsylvania. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1988.
McCash, William. Thomas R. R. Cobb: The Making of a Southern Nationalist. Macon, GA: Mercer University Press, 1983.
McKim, Randolph H. The Soul of Lee. New York: Longmans, Green, 1918.
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Pfanz, Donald C. Richard S. Ewell, A Soldier’s Life. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1998.
Powell, Mary Gregory. The History of Old Alexandria, Virginia: From July 13, 1749 to May 24, 1861. Alexandria: William Byrd Press, 1928.
Pryor, Elizabeth Brown. Reading the Man: A Portrait of Robert E. Lee Through His Private Letters. New York: Viking, 2007.
Rable, George C. God’s Almost Chosen People: A Religious History of the American Civil War. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2010.
Rhea, Gordon C. The Battle of the Wilderness, May 5–6, 1864. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1994.
———. The Battles for Spotsylvania Court House and the Road to Yellow Tavern, May 7–12, 1864. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1997.
———. To the North Anna River: Grant and Lee, May 13–25, 1864. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2000.
Richardson, Albert D. A Personal History of Ulysses S. Grant. Hartford: American Publishing, 1868.
Royster, Charles. A Revolutionary People at War: The Continental Army and American Character, 1775–1783. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 1979.
Sarna, Jonathan D. When General Grant Expelled the Jews. New York: Schocken Books, 2012.
Sears, Stephen W. Gettysburg. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin, 2003.
———. Landscape Turned Red: The Battle of Antietam. New York: Houghton, Mifflin, 1983.
———. To the Gates of Richmond: The Peninsula Campaign. Boston: Ticknor & Fields, 1992.
Shea, William L., and Terrence J. Winschel. Vicksburg Is the Key: The Struggle for the Mississippi River. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2003.
Silverman, Jason, Samuel N. Thomas Jr., and Beverly D. Evans IV. Shanks: The Life and Wars of General Nathan George Evans, CSA. New York: Da Capo Press, 2002.
Simpson, Brooks D. Let Us Have Peace: Ulysses S. Grant and the Politics of War and Reconstruction, 1861–1868. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina, 1991.
———. Ulysses S. Grant: Triumph Over Adversity, 1822–1865. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin, 2000.
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Trout, Robert J. With Pen & Saber. Harrisburg, PA: Stackpole Books, 1995.
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Varney, Frank P. General Grant and the Rewriting of History: How the Destruction of General William S. Rosecrans Influenced Our Understanding of the Civil War. El Dorado Hills, CA: Savas Beatie, 2013.
Varon, Elizabeth R. Appomattox: Victory, Defeat, and Freedom at the End of the Civil War. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014.
Waugh, Joan. U. S. Grant: American Hero, American Myth. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2013.
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Wood, Amos D. Floyd County, A History of the People and Places. Blacksburg, VA: Southern Printing Co., 1981.
Zinn, Jack. R. E. Lee’s Cheat Mountain Campaign. Parsons, WV: McLain, 1974.
ARTICLES
“The Brett Street Idea,” Architectural Legacy 2 (Spring/Summer 2011): 2.
Carmichael, Peter S. “Lee’s Search for the Battle of Annihilation.” Peter S. Carmichael, ed., Audacity Personified: The Generalship of Robert E. Lee. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2004. 1–26.
Davis, William C. “The Turning Point That Wasn’t: The Confederates and the Election of 1864,” in William C. Davis, The Cause Lost: Myths and Realities of the Confederacy. Lawrence, KS: University Press of Kansas, 1996. 127–47.
Feis, William B. “Grant and the Belmont Campaign: A Study in Intelligence and Command.” Steven E. Woodworth, ed., The Art of Command in the Civil War. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1998. 17–49.
Gallagher, Gary W. “Conduct Must Conform to the New Order of Things: R. E. Lee and the Question of Loyalty.” Gary W. Gallagher, Becoming Confederates: Paths to a New National Loyalty. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 2013. 8–34.
———. “The Net Result of the Campaign Was in Our Favor: Confederate Reaction to the Maryland Campaign,” in Gary W. Gallagher, ed., The Antietam Campaign. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1999. 3–43.
———. “A Question of Loyalty,” Civil War Times 52 (October 2013): 30–37.
Grammer, John. “The Republican Historical Vision: Joseph Glover Baldwin’s Party Leaders.” Southern Literary Journal 25 (Spring 1993): 3–13.
Griffin, Patrick J., III. “Tragedy of Two Cousins—Adventurers or Spies?” The Montgomery County Story 34 (November 1991): 177–88.
Hinton, Marcus. “Christmas Greetings,” Rebel United Kingdom Division, Confederate High Command, (December 1964): n.p.